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NRAO VLA Sky Survey Catalog
This table contains the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) Very Large Array (VLA) Sky Survey, the so-called NVSS Catalog. The NVSS Catalog covers the sky north of the J2000.0 Declination of -40 degrees (82% of the celestial sphere) at 1.4 GHz. The principal data products of the NVSS were (1) a set of 2326 4 degree by 4 degree continuum "cubes" with three planes containing Stokes I, Q, and U images, plus (2) a catalog of almost 2 million discrete sources stronger than a flux density S of about 2.5 mJy. The images all have 45 arcsecond FWHM angular resolution and nearly uniform sensitivity. Their rms brightness fluctuations are approximately 0.45 mJy/beam = 0.14 K (Stokes I) and approximately 0.29 mJy/beam = 0.09 K (Stokes Q and U). The rms uncertainties in right ascension and declination vary from <= ~1 arcsecond for the 400,000 sources stronger than 15 mJy to 7 arcseconds at the survey limit. The NVSS was made as a service to the astronomical community. All data products, user software, and updates were released via the World-Wide Web as soon as they were produced and verified. For more complete information on the NVSS, please refer to the NVSS website at <a href="http://www.cv.nrao.edu/nvss/">http://www.cv.nrao.edu/nvss/</a> This table was created by the HEASARC in October 2002 based on the file <a href="ftp://ftp.cv.nrao.edu/nvss/CATALOG/NVSSCatalog.text.gz">ftp://ftp.cv.nrao.edu/nvss/CATALOG/NVSSCatalog.text.gz</a> provided by the NVSS Catalog's authors. It was updated by the HEASARC in June 2009 to fix a problem with the original ingest in which the leading digit of some flux fields was lost. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
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VLA Low-Frequency Sky Survey Redux Source Catalog
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The Very Large Array (VLA) Low-Frequency Sky Survey (VLSS: see Cohen et al. 2007, AJ, 134, 1245) covers 95% of the 3 pi sr of sky area above -30 degrees Declination at most RAs (complete above -10 degrees Declination, while in some areas data are available down to Declinations of -36 degrees) at a frequency of 74 MHz, a resolution of 80", and an average rms map sensitivity of sigma ~ 0.130 Jy/beam. The survey was intended to serve as a low-frequency counterpart to the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO)-VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) at 1400 MHz, allowing spectral information to be compiled for statistical samples of sources. It also provides a low-frequency sky model. In their 2012 and 2014 reference papers, the authors present the details of improvements to data processing and analysis which were used for a re-reduction of the VLSS data, which they dub the VLSS redux or VLSSr. They used the VLSS catalogue as a sky model to correct the ionospheric distortions in the data and create a new set of sky maps and corresponding catalog at 73.8 MHz. The VLSS Redux (VLSSr) has a resolution of 75", and an average map rms noise level of sigma ~ 0.1 Jy beam-1. The clean bias is 0.66 x sigma and the theoretical largest angular size is 36 arcminutes. Six previously unimaged fields are included in the VLSSr, which has an unbroken sky coverage over 9.3 steradian above an irregular southern boundary. The final catalog includes 92,965 sources (in the abstract of Lane et al. (2014) it states 92.964 sources). The VLSSr improves upon the original VLSS in a number of areas including imaging of large sources, image sensitivity, and clean bias; however the most critical improvement is the replacement of an inaccurate primary beam correction which caused source flux errors which vary as a function of radius to the nearest pointing center in the VLSS. This table was initially created by the HEASARC in December 2012, based on the FITS file CATALOG.FIT obtained from the NRAO website at http://www.cv.nrao.edu/vlss/CATALOG/. It was updated in July 2014 with the the table data from the latest file on the NRAO website (which was marked as last modified on 26 August 2013). Some of the values for the name parameter in the HEASARC's implementation of this table were corrected in April 2018. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
VLA ELAIS N1, N2, N3 Fields 20-cm Source Catalog
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The authors have used the Very Large Array (VLA) in C configuration to carry out a sensitive 20-cm radio survey of regions of the sky that have been surveyed in the far-infrared (FIR) over the wavelength range 5 -200 microns (µm) with ISO (Infrared Space Observatory) as part of the European Large-Area ISO Survey (ELAIS). As usual in surveys based on a relatively small number of overlapping VLA pointings, the flux limit varies over the area surveyed: from a 5-sigma limit of 0.135 mJy over an area of 0.12 deg2 to 1.15 mJy or better over the whole region covered of 4.22 deg2. In their paper, the authors present the complete radio catalog of 867 sources, 428 of which form a complete sample in the flux range 0.2 - 1.0 mJy. These regions of the sky have previously been surveyed to shallower flux limits at 20 cm with the VLA as part of the VLA D-configuration NVSS (full width at half-maximum, FWHM = 45arcseconds) and VLA-B configuration FIRST (FWHM = 5 arcseconds) surveys. This whole survey has a nominal 5-sigma flux limit a factor of 2 below that of the NVSS; 3.4 deg2 of the survey reaches the nominal flux limit of the FIRST survey and 1.5 deg2 reaches 0.25 mJy, a factor of 4 below the nominal FIRST survey limit. In addition, this survey is at a resolution intermediate between the two surveys and thus is well suited for a comparison of the reliability and resolution-dependent surface brightness effects that affect interferometric radio surveys. The authors have carried out a detailed comparison of their survey and these two independent surveys in order to assess the reliability and completeness of each. Considering the whole sample, they found that to the 5-sigma nominal limits of 2.3 and 1.0 mJy, respectively, the NVSS and FIRST surveys have a completeness of 96+2-3 and 89+2-3 % and a reliability of 99+1-2 and 94+2-2 %. The radio observations were obtained of three ISO ELAIS survey regions in the Northern celestial hemisphere (N1 1610+5430, N2 1636+4115 and N3 1429+3306) (see Table 1 of the reference paper for the details of the fields and the individual pointings). The observations are made with the Very Large Array (VLA) radio telescope at 1.4 GHz (20 cm) in the VLA C configuration (maximum baseline 3.4 km) with an angular resolution (FWHM) of ~15 arcseconds. The aim of these VLA observations was to obtain uniform coverage of the ELAIS regions with an rms noise limit of ~50 microJansky (µJy). This table contains the 921 components of 867 total sources detected at a level of >= 5 sigma (44 of which are multiple component sources as defined in Section 4.3 of the reference paper) over a total area of 4.222 deg2. There are also entries describing the properties of the total sources for the 44 multi-component sources (for which the positions have been computed as the flux-weighted average positions of their components), and thus this catalog contains 965 (921 + 44) entries. To filter out the latter, component_id values != 'T' should be selected when searching this table. This table was originally ingested by the HEASARC in August 2012, based on CDS Catalog J/MNRAS/302/222 file table3.dat. It was last updated in September 2013 to remove a duplicate entry for the source ELAISR J142743+331323. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
VLA SDSS Stripe 82 Survey 1.4-GHz Source Catalog
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This table contains results from a high-resolution radio survey of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Southern Equatorial Stripe, also known as Stripe 82. This 1.4-GHz survey was conducted with the Very Large Array (VLA) primarily in the A configuration, with supplemental B configuration data to increase sensitivity to extended structure. The survey has an angular resolution of 1.8 arcseconds and achieves a median rms noise of 52 µJy/beam (µJy/beam) over 92 deg2. This is the deepest 1.4-GHz survey to achieve this large of an area, filling a gap in the phase space between small, deep and large, shallow surveys. It also serves as a pilot project for a larger high-resolution survey with the Expanded Very Large Array (EVLA). The authors discuss the technical design of the survey and details of the observations, and outline their method for data reduction, in the reference paper. They present a catalog of 17,969 isolated radio components, for an overall source density of ~195 sources deg-2. The astrometric accuracy of the data is excellent, with an internal check utilizing multiply observed sources yielding an rms scatter of 0.19 arcseconds in both Right Ascension and Declination. A comparison to the SDSS DR7 Quasar Catalog further confirms that the astrometry is well-tied to the optical reference frame, with mean offsets of 0.02" +/- 0.01" in Right Ascension, and 0.01" +/- 0.02" in Declination. A check of their photometry reveals a small, negative CLEAN-like bias on the level of 35 uJy. The authors report on the catalog completeness, finding that 97% of FIRST-detected quasars are recovered in the new Stripe 82 radio catalog, while faint, extended sources are more likely to be resolved out by the resolution bias. In their paper, they conclude with a discussion of the optical counterparts to the catalog sources, including 76 newly detected radio quasars. The full catalog as well as a search page and cutout server are available online at http://third.ucllnl.org/cgi-bin/stripe82cutout. The SDSS Stripe 82 observations were made with the National Radio Astronomy Observatory's (NRAO's) VLA. The data were collected over two VLA cycles, 2007-2008 and 2008-2009. The majority of the observations were taken in the A configuration, but the authors also obtained B-configuration coverage of the area in order to improve the sampling of the Fourier (U-V) plane and to increase sensitivity to the extended structure. Area 1 (delineated in black in Figure 1(a) of the paper) was covered in the A and B configurations in 2007-2008, and Area 2 (delineated in purple in Figure 1(a) of the paper) in the A and B configurations in 2008-2009. Area 1 is made up of 275 pointings, and Area 2 has 374, coming to 649 fields, and 92 deg2 covered in total. This table was created by the HEASARC in August 2013 based on a complete machine-readable version of Table 1 from the reference paper which was kindly provided by the first author. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
VLA 74-MHz Deep High-Resolution Survey Source Catalog
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This table contains some of the results from a 74-MHz survey of a 165 deg2 region located near the North Galactic Pole (NGP). This survey has an unprecedented combination of both spatial resolution (25" FWHM) and sensitivity (1-sigma as low as 24mJy/beam). The authors detect 949 sources at the 5-sigma level in this region, enough to begin exploring the nature of the 74-MHz source population. In their paper, they present differential source counts, spectral index measurements, and the size distribution as determined from counterparts in the high-resolution FIRST 1.4-GHz survey. They find a trend of steeper spectral indices for the brighter sources. Further, there is a clear correlation between spectral index and median source size, with the flat-spectrum sources being much smaller on average. Ultra-steep spectrum objects (power-law index alpha <= -1.2, where S_nu ~ nualpha) are identified. These sources are excellent candidates for high-redshift radio galaxies. The data used to produce this survey come from observations taken on 1998 March 7 intended to map two normal galaxies at 74 MHz (NGC 4565 and NGC 4631). These two pointings were separated by 6.4 degrees, roughly the radius of the primary beam at 74 MHz, allowing them to be ideally combined to produce a single deep image roughly 17 x 10 degrees in size. The combination of VLA A-configuration resolution (25 arcsec), favorable ionospheric conditions, and pointings in directions near the NGP, where the background temperature is low, produced the deepest observation ever obtained below 100 MHz. The same algorithm that was used in the 1.4-GHz NVSS was used to identify and characterize sources in this 74-MHz survey. The source detection algorithm had a threshold such that sources must have both a peak and integrated flux density level of at least 5 times the local rms noise level. Since the rms noise level varied from 24 mJy/beam to 80 mJy mJy/beam at the chosen field edge, the absolute level of the source-detection threshold of 5-sigma likewise varied over the image. This table was created by the HEASARC in August 2010 based on CDS catalog J/ApJS/150/417/ file table2.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
VLA-COSMOS Survey 324-MHz Continuum Source Catalog
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This table contains a source catalog based on 90-cm (324-MHz) Very Large Array (VLA) imaging of the COSMOS field, comprising a circular area of 3.14 square degrees centered on 10h 00m 28.6s, _02o 12' 21" (J2000.0 RA and Dec). The image from the merger of 3 nights of observations using all 27 VLA antennas had an effective total integration time of ~ 12 hours, an 8.0 arcsecond x 6.0 arcsecond angular resolution, and an average rms of 0.5 mJy beam-1. The extracted catalog contains 182 sources (down to 5.5 sigma), 30 of which are multi-component sources. Using Monte Carlo artificial source simulations, the authors derive the completeness of the catalog, and show that their 90-cm source counts agree very well with those from previous studies. In their paper, the authors use X-ray, NUV-NIR and radio COSMOS data to investigate the population mix of this 90-cm radio sample, and find that the sample is dominated by active galactic nuclei. The average 90-20 cm spectral index (S_nu_~ nualpha, where Snu is the flux density at frequency nu and alpha the spectral index) of the 90-cm selected sources is -0.70, with an interquartile range from -0.90 to -0.53. Only a few ultra-steep-spectrum sources are present in this sample, consistent with results in the literature for similar fields. These data do not show clear steepening of the spectral index with redshift. Nevertheless, this sample suggests that sources with spectral indices steeper than -1 all lie at z >~ 1, in agreement with the idea that ultra-steep-spectrum radio sources may trace intermediate-redshift galaxies (z >~ 1). Using both the signal and rms maps (see Figs. 1 and 2 in the reference paper) as input data, the authors ran the AIPS task SAD to obtain a catalog of candidate components above a given local signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) threshold. The task SAD was run four times with search S/N levels of 10, 8, 6 and 5, using the resulting residual image each time. They recovered all the radio components with a local S/N > 5.00. Subsequently, all the selected components were visually inspected, in order to check their reliability, especially for the components near strong side-lobes. After a careful analysis, a S/N threshold of 5.50 was adopted as the best compromise between a deep and a reliable catalog. The procedure yielded a total of 246 components with a local S/N > 5.50. More than one component, identified in the 90-cm map sometimes belongs to a single radio source (e.g. large radio galaxies consist of multiple components). Using the 90-cm COSMOS radio map, the authors combined the various components into single sources based on visual inspection. The final catalog (contained in this HEASARC table) lists 182 radio sources, 30 of which have been classified as multiple, i.e. they are better described by more than a single component. Moreover, in order to ensure a more precise classification, all sources identified as multi-component sources have been also double-checked using the 20-cm radio map. The authors found that all the 26 multiple 90-cm radio sources within the 20-cm map have 20-cm counterpart sources already classified as multiple. The authors have made use of the VLA-COSMOS Large and Deep Projects over 2 square degrees, reaching down to an rms of ~15 µJy beam1 ^ at 1.4 GHz and 1.5 arcsec resolution (Schinnerer et al. 2007, ApJS, 172, 46: the VLACOSMOS table in the HEASARC database). The 90-cm COSMOS radio catalog has, however, been extracted from a larger region of 3.14 square degrees (see Fig. 1 and Section 3.1 of the reference paper). This implies that a certain number of 90-cm sources (48) lie outside the area of the 20-cm COSMOS map used to select the radio catalog. Thus, to identify the 20-cm counterparts of the 90-cm radio sources, the authors used the joint VLA-COSMOS catalog (Schinnerer et al. 2010, ApJS, 188, 384: the VLACOSMJSC table in the HEASARC database) for the 134
COSMOS VLA 327MHz Catalog
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COSMOS is an astronomical survey designed to probe the formation and evolution of galaxies as a function of cosmic time (redshift) and large scale structural environment. The survey covers a 2 square degree equatorial field with imaging by most of the major space-based telescopes (Hubble, Spitzer, GALEX, XMM, Chandra) and a number of large ground based telescopes (Subaru, VLA, ESO-VLT, UKIRT, NOAO, CFHT, and others). Over 2 million galaxies are detected, spanning 75% of the age of the universe.The 90 cm Very Large Array imaging of the COSMOS field comprises a circular area of 3.14 square degrees at 8.0 arcsec by 6.0 arcsec angular resolution with an average rms of 0.5 mJy/beam. The extracted catalogue contains 182 sources (down to 5.5 sigma), 30 of which are multicomponent sources.
COSMOS VLA Deep Catalog
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COSMOS is an astronomical survey designed to probe the formation and evolution of galaxies as a function of cosmic time (redshift) and large scale structural environment. The survey covers a 2 square degree equatorial field with imaging by most of the major space-based telescopes (Hubble, Spitzer, GALEX, XMM, Chandra) and a number of large ground based telescopes (Subaru, VLA, ESO-VLT, UKIRT, NOAO, CFHT, and others). Over 2 million galaxies are detected, spanning 75% of the age of the universe.These VLA data represent the additional 62 hrs of 1.4 GHz (20cm) observations of the central 7 pointings already imaged by the large project in A-configuration in February/March 2006. The observations have been combined with the large project in which the 2 square degree COSMOS field with the position given above as the center of the field was surveyed for 275 hours. The observations of the large project were performed at 1.4 GHz (20 cm), using the VLA in its A- and C-configuration between September 2004 and September 2005. The final combined survey has reached a sensitivity of an rms of uJy/beam in the central 30' at a resolution of 2.5"x2.5".
ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole Survey X-Ray Source Catalog
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This table contains the ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) Survey X-Ray Source Catalog. The sky around the NEP, at RA (J2000.0) = 18h00m00s, Declination (J2000.0) = +66d33'39", has the deepest exposure of the entire ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS). The NEP is an undistinguished region of moderate Galactic latitude, b = 29.8 degrees, and hence it is suitable for compiling statistical samples of both Galactic and extragalactic objects. The authors have made such a compilation in the 80.6 square degrees region surrounding the NEP. Their sample fully exploits the properties of the RASS, since the only criteria for inclusion are source position and significance, and it yields the deepest large solid angle contiguous sample of X-ray sources to date. They find 442 unique sources above a flux limit ~2 x 10-14 ergs cm-2 s-1 in the 0.5-2.0 keV band. In this table, the X-ray properties of these sources as determined from the RASS are presented. These include positions, fluxes, spectral information in the form of hardness ratios, and angular sizes. This table was created by the HEASARC in February 2006 based on a machine-readable version of Table 4 in the above paper which was obtained from the electronic ApJ website. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
VLA-COSMOS Project 1.4-GHz Joint Source Catalog
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In the context of the VLA-COSMOS Deep project, additional VLA A array observations at 1.4 GHz were obtained for the central degree of the COSMOS field and combined with the existing data from the VLA-COSMOS Large project. A newly constructed Deep mosaic with a resolution of 2.5 arcseconds was used to search for sources down to 4 sigma with 1 sigma ~ 12 µJy beam-1 in the central 50' x 50'. This new catalog is combined with the catalog from the Large project (obtained at 1.5" x 1.4" resolution) to construct a new Joint catalog. All sources listed in the new Joint catalog have peak flux densities of >= 5 sigma at 1.5" and/or 2.5" resolution to account for the fact that a significant fraction of sources at these low flux levels are expected to be slightly resolved at 1.5" resolution. All properties listed in the Joint catalog, such as peak flux density, integrated flux density, and source size, are determined in the 2.5" resolution Deep image. In addition, the Joint catalog contains 43 newly identified multi-component sources. This table was created by the HEASARC in June 2010 based on the electronic version of Table 3 from the reference paper which was obtained from the ApJ web site. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
VLA GOODS-North Field 1.4-GHz Source Catalog
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This table contains results from deep, new, wide-field radio continuum observations of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey-North (GOODS-North) field. (The GOODS-North field covers ~160 arcmin2 centered on the Hubble Deep Field North (Williams et al. 1996, AJ, 112, 1335) and is unrivaled in terms of its ancillary data sets, which include extremely deep Chandra, Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and Spitzer observations, deep UBVRIJHK ground-based imaging and ~3500 spectroscopic redshifts from 8 to 10 m telescopes). The resulting 1.4-GHz map has a synthesized beam size of ~1.7" and an rms noise level of ~3.9 microJansky per beam (µJy/beam) near its center and ~8 µJy/beam at 15 arcminutes from phase center. The authors have cataloged 1230 discrete radio emitters, within a 40' x 40' region, above a 5-sigma detection threshold of ~20 uJy at the field center. New techniques, pioneered by Owen & Morrison (2008, AJ, 136, 1889), have enabled the authors to achieve a dynamic range of 6800:1 in a field that has significantly strong confusing sources. The authors compare the 1.4-GHz (20-cm) source counts with those from other published radio surveys. Their differential counts are nearly Euclidean below 100 uJy with a median source diameter of ~1.2". This adds to the evidence presented by Owen & Morrison that the natural confusion limit may lie near 1 uJy. If the Euclidean slope of the counts continues down to the natural confusion limit as an extrapolation of their log N-log S, this indicates that the cutoff must be fairly sharp below 1 uJy, else the cosmic microwave background temperature would increase above 2.7K at 1.4GHz. A useful combined total of 165 hours of NRAOS's Very Large Array (VLA) A-configuration 1.4-GHz observations were obtained between 2005 February and 2006 February, all done at night so as to avoid solar interference, for a region centered at RA and Dec of 12:36:49.4, +62:12:58 (J2000). (See Table 1 of the reference paper for the VLA observing log) This table was created by the HEASARC in September 2013 based on CDS Catalog J/ApJS/188/178 file table2.dat This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .