Intertidal environments contain many important ecological habitats such as sandy beaches, tidal flats, rocky shores, and reefs. These environments also provide many valuable benefits such as storm surge protection, carbon storage, and natural resources. Intertidal zones are being increasingly faced with threats including coastal erosion, land reclamation (e.g. port construction), and sea level rise. These regions are often highly dynamic, and accurate, up-to-date elevation data describing the changing topography and extent of these environments is needed. However, this data is expensive and challenging to map across the entire intertidal zone of a continent the size of Australia. The intertidal zone also forms a critical habitat and foraging ground for migratory shore birds and other species. An improved characterisation of the exposure patterns of these dynamic environments is important to support conservation efforts and to gain a better understanding of migratory species pathways. The DEA Intertidal product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-intertidal) provides annual continental -scale elevation and exposure products for Australia’s intertidal zone, mapped at a 10m resolution, from Digital Earth Australia’s archive of open-source Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite data. These intertidal products enable users to better monitor and understand some of the most dynamic regions of Australia’s coastlines. Applications - Integration with existing topographic and bathymetric data to seamlessly map the elevation of the coastal zone. - Providing baseline elevation data for predicting the impact of coastal hazards such as storm surges, tsunami inundation, or future sea-level rise. - Investigating coastal erosion and sediment transport processes. - Supporting habitat mapping and modelling for coastal ecosystems extending across the terrestrial to marine boundary. - Characterisation of the spatio-temporal exposure patterns of the intertidal zone to support migratory species studies and applications.

Intertidal environments contain many important ecological habitats such as sandy beaches, tidal flats, rocky shores, and reefs. These environments also provide many valuable benefits such as storm surge protection, carbon storage, and natural resources. Intertidal zones are being increasingly faced with threats including coastal erosion, land reclamation (e.g. port construction), and sea level rise. These regions are often highly dynamic, and accurate, up-to-date elevation data describing the changing topography and extent of these environments is needed. However, this data is expensive and challenging to map across the entire intertidal zone of a continent the size of Australia. The intertidal zone also forms a critical habitat and foraging ground for migratory shore birds and other species. An improved characterisation of the exposure patterns of these dynamic environments is important to support conservation efforts and to gain a better understanding of migratory species pathways. The DEA Intertidal product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-intertidal) provides annual continental -scale elevation and exposure products for Australia’s intertidal zone, mapped at a 10m resolution, from Digital Earth Australia’s archive of open-source Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite data. These intertidal products enable users to better monitor and understand some of the most dynamic regions of Australia’s coastlines. Applications - Integration with existing topographic and bathymetric data to seamlessly map the elevation of the coastal zone. - Providing baseline elevation data for predicting the impact of coastal hazards such as storm surges, tsunami inundation, or future sea-level rise. - Investigating coastal erosion and sediment transport processes. - Supporting habitat mapping and modelling for coastal ecosystems extending across the terrestrial to marine boundary. - Characterisation of the spatio-temporal exposure patterns of the intertidal zone to support migratory species studies and applications.

Intertidal environments contain many important ecological habitats such as sandy beaches, tidal flats, rocky shores, and reefs. These environments also provide many valuable benefits such as storm surge protection, carbon storage, and natural resources. Intertidal zones are being increasingly faced with threats including coastal erosion, land reclamation (e.g. port construction), and sea level rise. These regions are often highly dynamic, and accurate, up-to-date elevation data describing the changing topography and extent of these environments is needed. However, this data is expensive and challenging to map across the entire intertidal zone of a continent the size of Australia. The intertidal zone also forms a critical habitat and foraging ground for migratory shore birds and other species. An improved characterisation of the exposure patterns of these dynamic environments is important to support conservation efforts and to gain a better understanding of migratory species pathways. The DEA Intertidal product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-intertidal) provides annual continental -scale elevation and exposure products for Australia’s intertidal zone, mapped at a 10m resolution, from Digital Earth Australia’s archive of open-source Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite data. These intertidal products enable users to better monitor and understand some of the most dynamic regions of Australia’s coastlines. Applications - Integration with existing topographic and bathymetric data to seamlessly map the elevation of the coastal zone. - Providing baseline elevation data for predicting the impact of coastal hazards such as storm surges, tsunami inundation, or future sea-level rise. - Investigating coastal erosion and sediment transport processes. - Supporting habitat mapping and modelling for coastal ecosystems extending across the terrestrial to marine boundary. - Characterisation of the spatio-temporal exposure patterns of the intertidal zone to support migratory species studies and applications.

Intertidal environments contain many important ecological habitats such as sandy beaches, tidal flats, rocky shores, and reefs. These environments also provide many valuable benefits such as storm surge protection, carbon storage, and natural resources. Intertidal zones are being increasingly faced with threats including coastal erosion, land reclamation (e.g. port construction), and sea level rise. These regions are often highly dynamic, and accurate, up-to-date elevation data describing the changing topography and extent of these environments is needed. However, this data is expensive and challenging to map across the entire intertidal zone of a continent the size of Australia. The intertidal zone also forms a critical habitat and foraging ground for migratory shore birds and other species. An improved characterisation of the exposure patterns of these dynamic environments is important to support conservation efforts and to gain a better understanding of migratory species pathways. The DEA Intertidal product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-intertidal) provides annual continental -scale elevation and exposure products for Australia’s intertidal zone, mapped at a 10m resolution, from Digital Earth Australia’s archive of open-source Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite data. These intertidal products enable users to better monitor and understand some of the most dynamic regions of Australia’s coastlines. Applications - Integration with existing topographic and bathymetric data to seamlessly map the elevation of the coastal zone. - Providing baseline elevation data for predicting the impact of coastal hazards such as storm surges, tsunami inundation, or future sea-level rise. - Investigating coastal erosion and sediment transport processes. - Supporting habitat mapping and modelling for coastal ecosystems extending across the terrestrial to marine boundary. - Characterisation of the spatio-temporal exposure patterns of the intertidal zone to support migratory species studies and applications.

Mapping coastal ecosystems is vital for understanding, managing, and protecting the diverse habitats that line our shorelines. These ecosystems—ranging from mangroves and saltmarshes to seagrass meadows and coral reefs—provide essential environmental services, including carbon storage, coastal protection, and habitat for marine biodiversity. From an economic standpoint, they sustain industries such as fisheries and tourism while reducing costs associated with coastal erosion and storm damage. Accurate and comprehensive mapping underpins management, restoration, and conservation efforts, allowing planners to identify priority areas, monitor ecological change, and assess the effectiveness of interventions. Achieving this at a continental scale, however, poses significant challenges. Traditional methods such as field surveys, aerial photography, and local-scale sampling are costly, labour-intensive, and constrained in spatial and temporal scope—limitations that are particularly relevant in a country as vast and remote as Australia. Earth Observation (EO) provides an efficient and consistent alternative, allowing large-scale, high-resolution, and repeatable mapping through the use of publicly available satellite imagery. The Digital Earth Australia (DEA) Coastal Ecosystems product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-coastal-ecosystems/) is the first national dataset to simultaneously map Australia’s mangrove, saltmarsh, intertidal, and intertidal seagrass ecosystems at 10 m resolution, using annual time-series of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery for consistent mapping at a continental scale. Applications - National Environmental Ecosystem Accounts - National and Regional State of the Environment reporting - A complementary mapping product to fill spatial and temporal gaps in higher resolution expert mapping (aerial and drone mapping, field surveys) - Future integration with other terrestrial and ocean data sets (e.g. Land Cover and Marine Tenure) - Coastal protection and Hazard modelling

Mapping coastal ecosystems is vital for understanding, managing, and protecting the diverse habitats that line our shorelines. These ecosystems—ranging from mangroves and saltmarshes to seagrass meadows and coral reefs—provide essential environmental services, including carbon storage, coastal protection, and habitat for marine biodiversity. From an economic standpoint, they sustain industries such as fisheries and tourism while reducing costs associated with coastal erosion and storm damage. Accurate and comprehensive mapping underpins management, restoration, and conservation efforts, allowing planners to identify priority areas, monitor ecological change, and assess the effectiveness of interventions. Achieving this at a continental scale, however, poses significant challenges. Traditional methods such as field surveys, aerial photography, and local-scale sampling are costly, labour-intensive, and constrained in spatial and temporal scope—limitations that are particularly relevant in a country as vast and remote as Australia. Earth Observation (EO) provides an efficient and consistent alternative, allowing large-scale, high-resolution, and repeatable mapping through the use of publicly available satellite imagery. The Digital Earth Australia (DEA) Coastal Ecosystems product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-coastal-ecosystems/) is the first national dataset to simultaneously map Australia’s mangrove, saltmarsh, intertidal, and intertidal seagrass ecosystems at 10 m resolution, using annual time-series of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery for consistent mapping at a continental scale. Applications - National Environmental Ecosystem Accounts - National and Regional State of the Environment reporting - A complementary mapping product to fill spatial and temporal gaps in higher resolution expert mapping (aerial and drone mapping, field surveys) - Future integration with other terrestrial and ocean data sets (e.g. Land Cover and Marine Tenure) - Coastal protection and Hazard modelling

Mapping coastal ecosystems is vital for understanding, managing, and protecting the diverse habitats that line our shorelines. These ecosystems—ranging from mangroves and saltmarshes to seagrass meadows and coral reefs—provide essential environmental services, including carbon storage, coastal protection, and habitat for marine biodiversity. From an economic standpoint, they sustain industries such as fisheries and tourism while reducing costs associated with coastal erosion and storm damage. Accurate and comprehensive mapping underpins management, restoration, and conservation efforts, allowing planners to identify priority areas, monitor ecological change, and assess the effectiveness of interventions. Achieving this at a continental scale, however, poses significant challenges. Traditional methods such as field surveys, aerial photography, and local-scale sampling are costly, labour-intensive, and constrained in spatial and temporal scope—limitations that are particularly relevant in a country as vast and remote as Australia. Earth Observation (EO) provides an efficient and consistent alternative, allowing large-scale, high-resolution, and repeatable mapping through the use of publicly available satellite imagery. The Digital Earth Australia (DEA) Coastal Ecosystems product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-coastal-ecosystems/) is the first national dataset to simultaneously map Australia’s mangrove, saltmarsh, intertidal, and intertidal seagrass ecosystems at 10 m resolution, using annual time-series of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery for consistent mapping at a continental scale. Applications - National Environmental Ecosystem Accounts - National and Regional State of the Environment reporting - A complementary mapping product to fill spatial and temporal gaps in higher resolution expert mapping (aerial and drone mapping, field surveys) - Future integration with other terrestrial and ocean data sets (e.g. Land Cover and Marine Tenure) - Coastal protection and Hazard modelling

Mapping coastal ecosystems is vital for understanding, managing, and protecting the diverse habitats that line our shorelines. These ecosystems—ranging from mangroves and saltmarshes to seagrass meadows and coral reefs—provide essential environmental services, including carbon storage, coastal protection, and habitat for marine biodiversity. From an economic standpoint, they sustain industries such as fisheries and tourism while reducing costs associated with coastal erosion and storm damage. Accurate and comprehensive mapping underpins management, restoration, and conservation efforts, allowing planners to identify priority areas, monitor ecological change, and assess the effectiveness of interventions. Achieving this at a continental scale, however, poses significant challenges. Traditional methods such as field surveys, aerial photography, and local-scale sampling are costly, labour-intensive, and constrained in spatial and temporal scope—limitations that are particularly relevant in a country as vast and remote as Australia. Earth Observation (EO) provides an efficient and consistent alternative, allowing large-scale, high-resolution, and repeatable mapping through the use of publicly available satellite imagery. The Digital Earth Australia (DEA) Coastal Ecosystems product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-coastal-ecosystems/) is the first national dataset to simultaneously map Australia’s mangrove, saltmarsh, intertidal, and intertidal seagrass ecosystems at 10 m resolution, using annual time-series of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery for consistent mapping at a continental scale. Applications - National Environmental Ecosystem Accounts - National and Regional State of the Environment reporting - A complementary mapping product to fill spatial and temporal gaps in higher resolution expert mapping (aerial and drone mapping, field surveys) - Future integration with other terrestrial and ocean data sets (e.g. Land Cover and Marine Tenure) - Coastal protection and Hazard modelling

Mapping coastal ecosystems is vital for understanding, managing, and protecting the diverse habitats that line our shorelines. These ecosystems—ranging from mangroves and saltmarshes to seagrass meadows and coral reefs—provide essential environmental services, including carbon storage, coastal protection, and habitat for marine biodiversity. From an economic standpoint, they sustain industries such as fisheries and tourism while reducing costs associated with coastal erosion and storm damage. Accurate and comprehensive mapping underpins management, restoration, and conservation efforts, allowing planners to identify priority areas, monitor ecological change, and assess the effectiveness of interventions. Achieving this at a continental scale, however, poses significant challenges. Traditional methods such as field surveys, aerial photography, and local-scale sampling are costly, labour-intensive, and constrained in spatial and temporal scope—limitations that are particularly relevant in a country as vast and remote as Australia. Earth Observation (EO) provides an efficient and consistent alternative, allowing large-scale, high-resolution, and repeatable mapping through the use of publicly available satellite imagery. The Digital Earth Australia (DEA) Coastal Ecosystems product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-coastal-ecosystems/) is the first national dataset to simultaneously map Australia’s mangrove, saltmarsh, intertidal, and intertidal seagrass ecosystems at 10 m resolution, using annual time-series of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery for consistent mapping at a continental scale. Applications - National Environmental Ecosystem Accounts - National and Regional State of the Environment reporting - A complementary mapping product to fill spatial and temporal gaps in higher resolution expert mapping (aerial and drone mapping, field surveys) - Future integration with other terrestrial and ocean data sets (e.g. Land Cover and Marine Tenure) - Coastal protection and Hazard modelling

The Australian Government is investing in a world first analysis platform for satellite imagery and other Earth observations. From sustainably managing the environment to developing resources and optimising our agricultural potential, Australia must overcome a number of challenges to meet the needs of our growing population. Digital Earth Australia (DEA) will deliver a unique capability to process, interrogate, and present Earth observation satellite data in response to these issues. It will track changes across Australia in unprecedented detail, identifying soil and coastal erosion, crop growth, water quality, and changes to cities and regions. DEA will build on the globally recognised innovation, the Australian Geoscience Data Cube1; which was the winner of the 2016 Content Platform of the Year at the Geospatial World Leadership Awards and was developed as a partnership between GA, CSIRO and the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS) supported National Computational Infrastructure (NCI).