Hydrocarbon and Geothermal Prospectivity of Sedimentary Basins in Central Australia; Warburton, Cooper, Pedirka, Galilee, Simpson and Eromanga Basins
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Within the Central Australian region, nominally constrained by 22.5oS 134oE and 31.5oS 144oE for this study, lie several systems of stacked basins beneath the extensive Mesozoic Eromanga Basin. Remnants of Proterozoic basins are largely inferred from gravity, unexplored, and are not everywhere differentiated from an extensive cover of the lower Palaeozoic Warburton Formation. This sequence is the central link between the contiguous Amadeus, Officer and Georgina Basins, and the Thomson Fold Belt. Since the Carboniferous, the region has largely experienced intracratonic sag and has accumulated continental sediments, including thick coal measures, with intermittent tectonism and uplift. In late Early Cretaceous, marine conditions briefly invaded this subsiding region, but continental sedimentation resumed in the Late Cretaceous. Tectonism occurred in the Tertiary with basin inversion and subsequent formation of the Great Artesian Basin. In the Cainozoic, the region is again in subsidence and accommodating fluvial and aeolian sediment slowly into the Eyre Basin. The preserved depocentres of the Carboniferous-Permian-Triassic Cooper, Pedirka-Simpson, and Galilee Basins are spatially separate, although all contain comparable, largely organically-mature continental coal measure sequences.
Australia’s Future Energy Resources (AFER) Project - Regional Geology of the Pedirka and western Eromanga basins
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As part of the Exploring For The Future (EFTF) program, the Australia’s Future Energy Resources (AFER) project has investigated the potential of energy resource commodities in the Pedirka/western Eromanga basins region targeting conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons as well as evaluating the suitability of sedimentary sections to store carbon dioxide. The interpretation of new biostratigraphic and reprocessed seismic data provided new insights into the regional geology of this previously explored region. The Permian, Triassic and Jurassic depositional history of the study area is largely recorded by extensive fluvial-lacustrine sediments, including changes from braided to meandering river systems and sustained periods of flood-plain environments in which thick sequences of coal-bearing strata developed. During the Cretaceous, expanding shallow marine environments were established in the western part of the Pedirka/western Eromanga region. Age-control obtained from palynological analysis and the mapping of key seismic horizons yielded an improved understanding of the extent and character of unconformities which define breaks and changes in depositional processes. Results from new regional stratigraphic correlations initiated a comprehensive review of previously established basin definitions in the greater Pedirka/western Eromanga area. While confirming the stacked nature of these basins which hold sedimentary records from the early Paleozoic to the Late Cretaceous, changes to stratigraphic basin boundaries have been applied to more correctly reflect the impact of unconformity related depositional breaks. As a result, the Lower and Middle Triassic Walkandi Formation is now assigned to the upper section of the Pedirka Basin, while the Upper Triassic Peera Peera Formation represents commencement of deposition in the western Eromanga Basin, thereby abandoning the recognition of the Simpson Basin as a separate Triassic depocenter.