Two 16S rDNA clone libraries, one from a Brown Bay sample and one from an O'Brien Bay sample were generated. These samples were originally collected as part of ASAC project 868 and the microbiology of the samples is now being investigated as part of ASAC 1228. Two data files are included in the download. Both are in "fasta" format, a text-based format for representing either nucleotide sequences or peptide sequences, in which base pairs or amino acids are represented using single-letter codes. Further information about the dataset can also be found in the referenced paper.

This data set contains concentrations of phytoplankton, protozoa, total bacteria and metabolically active bacteria assessed by flow cytometry on transects 12, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 of the BROKE-West survey of the Southern Ocean between January and March 2006. Only total bacterial concentrations were assessed for transect 11. Between 4 and 12 depths were sampled for marine microbes and concentrations were assessed using FACScan flowcytometer. Phytoplankton were identified and counted based on the autofluorescense of chlorophyll a when excited by the 488 nm laser of the FACScan. Protozoa were identified and counted after staining with the acid vacuole stain Lysotracker Green. Total bacteria were identified and counted using the cell permeant SYTO 13 nucleic stain. Metabolically active bacteria were identified and counted after staining for intracellular esterases with the esterase stain 6CFDA. The fields in this dataset are: Latitude Longitude Transect Number CTD number, flow file Depth (m) Total bacteria (per millilitre) Active bacteria (per millilitre) Dead bacteria (per millilitre) Protozoa (per millilitre) Phytoplankton (per millilitre) This work was completed as part of ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40).

Large volumes of water (200 - 500 L) were filtered and fractionated by size for various planktonic components: eukaryotic phytoplankton, prokaryotic picoplankton, and marine viruses. Sample sites were chosen to generate the widest diversity, and included planktonic blooms, oligotrophic zones, small polynyas near sea ice, nearshore areas, and Antarctic bottom water from coastal, canyon and deepwater areas. Half of each sample will be used for DNA library construction, and the other half will be used for meta-proteomic analysis. Random shotgun sequencing of the marine genomic libraries should produce a metagenomic snapshot of planktonic life in a variety of marine habitats. This work was completed as part of ASAC project 2899 (ASAC_2899).

Krill-associated bacterial communities characterised by high-throughput DNA sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. The data is decribed in 'Clarke LJ, Suter L, King R, Bissett A and Deagle BE (2019) Antarctic Krill Are Reservoirs for Distinct Southern Ocean Microbial Communities. Front. Microbiol. 9:3226. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03226' available here: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.03226/full

This metadata record will contain the results of bioassays conducted to characterise the response of Antarctic near-shore marine zooplankton to hydrocarbon contaminants in Special Antarctic Blend (SAB) diesel fuels commonly used in Antarctica. The results from one summer season (2010-11) are in this record. This was conducted under the AAS Project 3054: Ecological risks from oil products used in Antarctica: characterising hydrocarbon behaviour and assessing toxicity on sensitive early life stages of Antarctic marine invertebrates. Exposure solutions of fuel were experimentally mixed by slow stir of fuel and seawater in temperature control cabinets at -1 degree C to prepare a mixture of fuel hydrocarbons in filtered seawater (FSW) termed the Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF). WAF was produced by adding fuel to seawater in 5 L or 10 L Pyrex glass bottles using a ratio of 1:24 Fuel : FSW. This mixture was stirred at slow speed with minimal vortex for 18 h on a magnetic stirrer. The mixture was settled for 6 h before the water portion was drawn from beneath the fuel. Ecotoxicological bioassays were conducted at Davis Stations in the 2010/11 summer season using SAB WAF to prepare experimental treatments consisting of WAF dilution series. For each bioassay, treatments consisted of undiluted 100% WAF and dilutions of 10%, 17%, 25% and 50% of WAFs in FSW, to test the toxicity of water accommodated fractions of these three fuels on Antarctic both the zooplankton community and single copepod species. Bioassays were conducted in open vessels (glass jars or beakers) in temperature controlled cabinets. Mortality was observed at endpoints of 24 hrs, 48 hrs, 96 hrs, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, 10 days, 11days, 12 days, 14 days, 15 days, and 16 days. New WAF solutions were prepared at the 7 day interval to replenish the experimental treatments. Deionised water was added to test solutions as required to maintain test solution volume and salinity. Water quality data was collected at each water change. Samples of test treatments for chemical analysis of hydrocarbon concentration were taken at each water change. Results of these analyses are not included as delayed progress with HC analyses impacted on quality of samples and these data were not used. This dataset consists of Excel spreadsheets. The file name code for zooplankton bioassays is; Project number_Season_Taxa_Test name Eg AAS_3054_10-11_zooplankton_m1 Project number : AAS_3054 Season : 2010/11 season Taxa: Zooplankton Community Test name: M1 =Multi-species test 1 Bioassay spreadsheets contain the results of bioassays for a species or the zooplankton community. Where replicate tests were conducted, each experiment is on a separate worksheet. The worksheet labelled "Test conditions" shows details of Test name, dates, animal collection details, laboratory holding conditions, details of water accommodated fractions (WAF), and bioassay conditions. The worksheet labelled "Counts" has a table for each of the replicates, arranged into a column for each treatment type. These tables show the number or dead individuals which were found and removed at each of the observation days. The worksheet labelled "Totals" has calculations of total number of individuals (of all species) which were found dead at each observation day in each replicate. It also gives the mean and standard deviation for each of the treatments. Further information on the zooplankton community structure in the 6 samples taken across the summer, based on the community in the toxicity tests and trials, is also included in the spreadsheet "AAS_3054_10-11_zooplankton_CommStructure". Sampling locations were near-shore from Davis Station, Vestfold Hills and from O'Gorman Rocks, southwest of Anchorage Island and northwest of Plough Island.

Preliminary Metadata record for data expected from ASAC Project 1126 See the link below for public details on this project. ---- Public Summary from Project ---- Previous work on anti-freeze proteins (AFPs) in bacteria isolated from saline lakes in the Vestfold Hills, has shown that only around 10% of isolates possessed AFP activity. This suggests that the majority of bacteria may be using other mechanisms to avoid freezing or possibly are non-functional at sub-zero temperatures. We propose building on our previous work to ascertain if AFP occurrence is characteristic of particular taxonomic groups, or whether its evolution is random among different species. The fields in this dataset are: Lake Date Air Temperature Ice Thickness Sample Type Depth Height of ice core sample from ice/water interface Thickness of Ice core sample Salinity Water Temperature Nitrate Nitrite Ammonia Phosphate Bacteria Flagellates Chlorophyll DOC - Dissolved Organic Carbon COV of DOC - Coefficient of Variance

See the referenced paper for additional details. Sampling. Sampling was conducted on board the RSV Aurora Australis during cruise V3 from 20 January to 7 February 2012. This cruise occupied a latitudinal transect from waters north of Cape Poinsett, Antarctica (65_ S) to south of Cape Leeuwin, Australia (37_ S) within a longitudinal range of 113-115_ E. Sampling was performed as described in ref. 29, with sites and depths selected to provide coverage of all major SO water masses. At each surface station, E250-560 l of seawater was pumped from E1.5 to 2.5m depth. At some surface stations, an additional sample was taken from the Deep Chlorophyll Maximum (DCM), as determined by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements taken from a conductivity, temperature and depth probe (CTD) cast at each sampling station. Samples of mesopelagic and deeper waters (E120-240 l) were also collected at some stations using Niskin bottles attached to the CTD. Sampling depths were selected based on temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen profiles to capture water from the targeted water masses. Profiles were generated on the CTD descent, and samples were collected on the ascent at the selected depths. Deep water masses were identified by the following criteria: CDW 1/4 oxygen minimum (Upper Circumpolar Deep) or salinity maximum (Lower Circumpolar Deep); AABW 1/4 deep potential temperature minimum; AAIW 1/4 salinity minimum 18. The major fronts of the SO, which coincide with strong horizontal gradients in temperature and salinity 19,30, separate regions with similar surface water properties. The AZ lies south of the Polar Front (which was at 51_ S during sampling), whereas the PFZ lies between the Polar Front and the Subantarctic Front. In total, 25 samples from the AZ, PFZ, SAMW, AAIW, CDW and AABW were collected for this study (Fig. 1, Supplementary Data 1). Seawater samples were prefiltered through a 20-mm plankton net, biomass captured on sequential 3.0-, 0.8- and 0.1-mm 293-mm polyethersulphone membrane filters and filters immediately stored at _80 _C31,32. DNA extraction and sequencing. DNA was extracted with a modified version of the phenol-chloroform method 31. Tag pyrosequencing was performed by Research and Testing Laboratory (Lubbock, USA) on a GS FLXb platform (Roche, Branford, USA) using a modification of the standard 926F/1392R primers targeting the V6-V8 hypervariable regions of bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA genes (926wF: 50-AAA-CTY-AAA-KGA-ATT-GRC-GG-30 , 1,392 R: 50-ACG-GGCGGT-GTG-TRC-30). Denoising, chimera removal and trimming of poor quality read ends were performed by the sequencing facility.