This dataset includes a regional map of mangrove extent for Myanmar, Thailand, and Cambodia for the period of 1972-1977. The map was developed from Landsat 1-2 MSS Collection 1 Tier 2 imagery. Mangrove extent was generated using a Random Forest machine learning algorithm that effectively mapped a total of 15,420.51 km2 at the nominal Landsat scale of 30 m. This map of mangrove extent served as a baseline to analyze changes in mangrove distribution in Southeast Asia from 1970s through 2020. Southeast Asia is home to some of the planet's most carbon-dense and biodiverse mangrove ecosystems. There is still much uncertainty with regards to the timing and magnitude of changes in mangrove cover over the past 50 years. While there are several regional to global maps of mangrove extent in Southeast Asia for the early 21st century, data prior to the mid-1990s are limited due to the scarcity of Earth Observation (EO) data of sufficient quality and the historical limitations to publicly available EO data. The data are provided in Cloud optimized GeoTIFF format at 60-m resolution. In addition, a shapefile outlines the region of analysis.

The estuarine vegetation of the lower Georges River was mapped using a combination of air photo interpretation and field survey techniques, thereby updating the maps of West et al. (1985) and Watford and Williams (1998). The new map extends the upstream coverage of wetlands identified by West et al. (1985) to Sylvania Waters, up the Woronora River and up the Georges River from Milperra to the Liverpool Weir. As a result, a uniform map of the type and distribution of estuarine macrophytes for the whole of the Georges River and the Kurnell peninsula now exists. Eight vegetative complexes have been described and located. A complex is considered to be a group of communities, and saltmarsh, for example, contains several recognisable communities. VIS_ID 4135

This polygon layer represents seagrass habitat at nine regions in Port Phillip Bay in April 2011 mapped from aerial photography. The mapping was undertaken for the Baywide Seagrass Monitoring Program (CDP_ENV_MD_022 Rev5 - Port of Melbourne Corporation, 2010). The program is being undertaken for the Port of Melbourne Corporation as part of Baywide Monitoring to support the Channel Deepening Project.

Hardy Inlet was surveyed by underwater drop camera observations in December 2018 and January 2020. Seagrass species distribution and cover (as percentage cover in categories: 0, 1-10%, 10-25%, 25-50%, 50-75%, 75-90%, 90-100%) were recorded. The canopy height (in 10 cm intervals) and epiphytic cover (as low, medium, high) of seagrass was also estimated. Macroalgae distribution and cover (as percentage cover in categories: 0, 1-10%, 10-25%, 25-50%, 50-75%, 75-90%, 90-100%) were recorded. At approximately a third of the sites, physical water profiles and secchi depth were recorded. The datasets making up the Hardy Inlet Seagrass Survey data are: Hardy_Seagrass - point dataset Hardy_Seagass_Extent - polygon showing presence/absence derived from points Hardy_Seagrass_Cover - polygon showing percentage cover derived from points Layers: Hardy_Seagrass_Dec_2018 - Hardy_seagrass points where Year = '2018' Hardy_Seagrass_Jan_2020 - Hardy_seagrass points where Year = '2020' Hardy_Seagrass_Extent_2018 - Hardy_Seagrass_Extent where Year = '2018' Hardy_Seagrass_Extent_Jan_2020 - Hardy_Seagrass_Extent where Year = '2020' Hardy_Seagrass_Cover_2018 - Hardy_Seagrass_Cover where Year = '2018' Hardy_Seagrass_Cover_Jan_2020 - Hardy_Seagrass_Cover where Year = '2020'

This polygon layer represents seagrass habitat at nine regions in Port Phillip Bay in April 2008 mapped from aerial photography. The mapping was undertaken for the Baywide Seagrass Monitoring Program (CDP_ENV_MD_022 Rev5 - Port of Melbourne Corporation, 2010). The program is being undertaken for the Port of Melbourne Corporation as part of Baywide Monitoring to support the Channel Deepening Project.

This polygon layer represents seagrass habitat at the Swan Bay region in April 2010 mapped from aerial photography. The mapping was undertaken for the Baywide Seagrass Monitoring Program (CDP_ENV_MD_022 Rev5 - Port of Melbourne Corporation, 2010). The program is being undertaken for the Port of Melbourne Corporation as part of Baywide Monitoring to support the Channel Deepening Project.

To better understand sediment deposition in marsh environments, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS-SPCMSC) selected four study sites (Sites 5, 6, 7, and 8) along the Point Aux Chenes Bay shoreline of the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Mississippi (GNDNERR). These datasets were collected to serve as baseline data prior to the installation of a living shoreline (a subtidal sill). Each site consisted of five plots located along a transect perpendicular to the marsh-estuary shoreline at 5-meter (m) increments (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 m from the shoreline). Each plot contained four net sedimentation tiles (NST) that were secured flush to the marsh surface using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe. NST are an inexpensive and simple tool to assess short- and long-term deposition that can be deployed in highly dynamic environments without the compaction associated with traditional coring methods. The NST were deployed for three month sampling periods, measuring sediment deposition from July 2018 to January 2020, with one set of NST being deployed for six months. Sediment deposited on the NST were processed to determine physical characteristics, such as deposition thickness, volume, wet weight/dry weight, grain size, and organic content (loss-on-ignition [LOI]). For select sampling periods, ancillary data (water level, elevation, turbidity, and wave data) are also provided in this data release. Data were collected during Field Activities Numbers (FAN) 2018-332-FA (18CCT01), 2018-358-FA (18CCT10), 2019-303-FA (19CCT01, 19CCT02, 19CCT03, and 19CCT04, respectively), and 2020-301-FA (20CCT01). Additional survey and data details are available from the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/. Data from a related NST study in the GNDNERR (Middle Bay and North Rigolets) can be found at https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9BFR2US/. Please read the full metadata for details on data collection, dataset variables, and data quality.

To better understand sediment deposition in marsh environments, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS-SPCMSC) selected five marsh study sites (Sites 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9) and four nearshore estuarine study sites (Sites 8S, 8D, 9S, 9D) along the Point Aux Chenes Bay shoreline of the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (GNDNERR), Mississippi. This study builds on Smith and others (2020b) and includes datasets collected after the installation of a living shoreline (a subtidal sill [artificial reef]) that was completed in May 2021. Each marsh site consisted of five plots located along a transect perpendicular to the marsh-estuary shoreline at 5-meter (m) increments (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 m from the shoreline). Each plot contained three to six net sedimentation tiles (NST) that were secured flush to the marsh surface using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe. NST are an inexpensive and simple tool to assess short- and long-term deposition that can be deployed in highly dynamic environments without the compaction associated with traditional coring methods. The NST were deployed for three-month sampling periods, measuring sediment deposition from August 2021 to January 2023. Sediment deposited on the NST were processed to determine physical characteristics, such as deposition thickness, volume, wet weight/dry weight, grain size, and organic content (via loss-on-ignition [LOI]). For select sampling periods, ancillary data (water level, elevation, and vegetation) are also provided in this data release. The estuarine sites consisted of Site 8S (shallow; landward of the subtidal sill), 8D (deep; seaward side of the subtidal sill), as well as 9S and 9D (both sites established adjacent to 8S/8D and the subtidal sill). During select trips water parameters (e.g., waves, water level, and turbidity) were collected at each estuarine site to collect turbidity and wave data. Data presented in this data release were collected under three USGS Field Activities Numbers (FAN; one FAN per year) during thirteen sampling trips (alternate FAN; each sampling trip was assigned a unique alt FAN under the main FAN): 2021-320-FA (21CCT01, 21CCT03, 21CCT04, 21CCT05), 2022-302-FA (22CCT01, 22CCT02, 22CCT03, 22CCT04, 22CCT05, 22CCT06, 22CCT07, 22CCT08) and 2023-301-FA (23CCT01), however, every trip does not contain all data types. This data release also contains data for 2020-323-FA (20CCT02) that was collected as a special collection trip for Hurricane Delta. This data was collected before the subtidal sill was installed and is being published with this data release since pre-subtidal sill data was already published. Additional survey and data details are available from the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/. Users can look up USGS FANs in the CMGDS by replacing the FAN in the following url: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/services/activity.php?fan=2022-302-FA. Data from a related NST study in the GNDNERR (Middle Bay and North Rigolets) can be found in Smith and others (2020a). Data collected from before the living shoreline (subtidal sill) installation can be found in Smith and others (2020b). For additional information on data processing and analysis, refer to the accompanying journal publication Smith and others (2025). Please read the full metadata for details on data collection, dataset variables, and data quality.

This polygon layer represents seagrass habitat at nine regions in Port Phillip Bay in April 2009 mapped from aerial photography. The mapping was undertaken for the Baywide Seagrass Monitoring Program (CDP_ENV_MD_022 Rev5 - Port of Melbourne Corporation, 2010). The program is being undertaken for the Port of Melbourne Corporation as part of Baywide Monitoring to support the Channel Deepening Project.

Hardy Inlet was surveyed by underwater drop camera observations in December 2018 and January 2020. Seagrass species distribution and cover (as percentage cover in categories: 0, 1-10%, 10-25%, 25-50%, 50-75%, 75-90%, 90-100%) were recorded. The canopy height (in 10 cm intervals) and epiphytic cover (as low, medium, high) of seagrass was also estimated. Macroalgae distribution and cover (as percentage cover in categories: 0, 1-10%, 10-25%, 25-50%, 50-75%, 75-90%, 90-100%) were recorded. At approximately a third of the sites, physical water profiles and secchi depth were recorded. The datasets making up the Hardy Inlet Seagrass Survey data are: Hardy_Seagrass - point dataset Hardy_Seagass_Extent - polygon showing presence/absence derived from points Hardy_Seagrass_Cover - polygon showing percentage cover derived from points Layers: Hardy_Seagrass_Dec_2018 - Hardy_seagrass points where Year = '2018' Hardy_Seagrass_Jan_2020 - Hardy_seagrass points where Year = '2020' Hardy_Seagrass_Extent_2018 - Hardy_Seagrass_Extent where Year = '2018' Hardy_Seagrass_Extent_Jan_2020 - Hardy_Seagrass_Extent where Year = '2020' Hardy_Seagrass_Cover_2018 - Hardy_Seagrass_Cover where Year = '2018' Hardy_Seagrass_Cover_Jan_2020 - Hardy_Seagrass_Cover where Year = '2020'