This record describes the CTD data collected on Investigator voyage IN2024_V02, titled: "SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania." The voyage took place between March 31, 2024 and April 19, 2024 (AEST), departing from Hobart and returning to Hobart. Data for 9 CTD deployments were acquired using the Sea-Bird SBE9+V2 CTD unit #24 (S/N 1354), fitted with 36 twelve-litre bottles on the rosette sampler. Sea-Bird-supplied calibration factors were used to compute the pressures and preliminary conductivity values. CSIRO-supplied calibrations were applied to the temperature data. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. The final conductivity calibration was based on a single deployment grouping. The final calibration from the primary sensor had a standard deviation (SD) of 0.0014625 PSU (casts #1-9), within our target of ‘better than 0.002 PSU’. The standard product of 1-decibar binned averages were produced using data from the primary sensors. The dissolved oxygen data (secondary) calibration fit had a SD of 0.78151 μM (casts #2-6,8,9). The agreement between the CTD and bottle data was good. Additional sensors include: Altimeter (Tritech PA500), Transmissometer (Wetlabs C-Star ), CDOM, Chlorophyll-a, Scattering (Wetlabs ECO FLCDRTD) were installed on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. The collected data were processed (quality-controlled), and subsequently archived by the CSIRO National Collections and Marine Infrastructure (NCMI) Information and Data Centre (IDC). Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the Data Processing Report.

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2017_C01, titled: "GAB deep water geological and benthic ecology program". The voyage took place from 11 to 27th April, 2017 departing from Hobart and returning to Hobart (TAS). Data for 10 deployments were acquired using the Seabird SBE911 CTD 23, fitted with 25 twelve litre bottles on the rosette sampler. Deployments 3 – 5 were aborted due to electrical issues and the data for these casts will not be included in the processed data set. Sea-Bird and O&A calibration lab supplied calibration factors were used to compute the pressures and preliminary conductivity values. CSIRO -supplied calibrations were applied to the temperature data. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. The final conductivity calibration was based on a single deployment grouping. The final calibration from the primary sensor had a standard deviation (S.D) of 0.0029597 PSU, outside our target of ‘better than 0.002 PSU’. The standard product of 1dbar binned averaged were produced using data from the primary sensors. The dissolved oxygen data calibration fit had a S.D. of 1.0974uM. The agreement between the CTD and bottle data was good. Four fluorometers, a transmissometer and a Franatec CH4 sensor were also installed on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. The collected data were subsequently processed and archived within the CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (O&A) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart. Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2018_V01 titled: "Detecting Southern Ocean change from repeat hydrography, deep Argo and trace element biogeochemistry & CAPRICORN." The voyage took place from Hobart (TAS) to Hobart between January 10 and February 21, 2018. Data for 108 deployments were acquired using the Seabird SBE911 CTD 24, fitted with 36 twelve litre bottles on the rosette sampler. Seabird-supplied calibration factors were used to compute the pressures and preliminary conductivity values. Seabird/CSIRO-supplied calibrations were applied to the temperature data. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. The final conductivity calibration was based on a single deployment grouping. The final calibration from the primary sensor for deployments 14-108 had a standard deviation (SD) of 0.0012686 PSU, well within our target of ‘better than 0.002 PSU’. The standard product of 1 dbar binned averaged netCDF files were produced using data from the primary sensors. The dissolved oxygen data calibration fit for deployments 14-108 had a SD of 0.78897 µM and 0.78113 µM for the primary and secondary sensors respectively. The agreement between the CTD and bottle data was good. Altimeters (200m and 500m), Transmissometer, PAR, ECO Chlorophyll and ECO OBS (Optical Back-Scatter) sensors were also installed on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. The collected data were subsequently processed and archived within the CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (O&A) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart. Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2018_T01 titled: "Physical and biogeochemical gradients in the East Australian Current." The voyage took place between April 6 and April 14, 2018 departing from Hobart (TAS) and arriving in Brisbane (QLD). Data for 21 deployments were acquired using the Sea-Bird SBE911 CTD 24, fitted with 36 twelve litre bottles on the rosette sampler. Sea-Bird-supplied calibration factors were used to compute the pressures and preliminary conductivity values. CSIRO -supplied calibrations were applied to the temperature data. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. The Salinometer was found to have been malfunctioning and not reliably reporting results on IN2018_T01. The final conductivity calibration was based on calibrations derived on the subsequent voyage: IN2018_V03. The final calibration from the primary sensor had a standard deviation (SD) of 0.0013986 PSU for the primary and 0.0014150 PSU for the secondary, well within our target of ‘better than 0.002 PSU’. The standard product of 1 decibar binned averaged were produced using data from the primary sensors with secondary sensors included with the suffix ‘_2’. The dissolved oxygen data calibration fit had a SD of 0.70186 uM for the primary and 0.81698 uM for the secondary. The agreement between the CTD and bottle data was good. Fluorometer, Altimeter, Transmissometer and PAR sensors were also installed on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. The collected data were subsequently processed and archived within the CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (O&A) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart. Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2017_V01 titled: "Interactions of the Totten Glacier with the Southern Ocean through multiple glacial cycles." The voyage took place from Hobart (TAS) to Hobart between the 14th January and 5th March, 2017. Data for 33 deployments were acquired during this voyage using a Seabird SBE911 CTD, fitted with 36 twelve litre bottles on the rosette sampler. Casts 1-10, 13 – 33 were acquired using the Seabird SBE911 CTD unit 20, and casts 11 and 12 were acquired using the Seabird SBE911 CTD unit 22. CTD and sensors were changed in efforts to remediate sensor issues. CSIRO -supplied calibration factors were used to compute the pressures, and preliminary temperature and conductivity values. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. Processing was completed using CapPro processing software, version 2.9. For the duration of the voyage significant spikes were observed across all recorded sensor channels. Investigation strongly suggests electrical interference was the cause of the data spikes, as mitigation measures have alleviated the issue. Care was taken in post processing to remove the spikes while maintaining true data features. The nature of the spiking was primarily extreme values persisting for a single scan, which were suitably detected and flagged by evaluating the second-difference of the data. An additional filter was also applied to the data which evaluated the median and standard deviation of the conductivity over a moving window, which was used to detect extreme changes in the sensor values characteristic of the noise induced spikes. The final conductivity calibration was based on two deployment groupings, due to sensor changes during the voyage. The final calibration for casts 1-13 from the secondary sensor had a standard deviation (S.D) of 0.0010393 PSU, within our target of ‘better than 0.002 PSU’. The final calibration for casts 14-33 from the secondary sensor had a standard deviation (S.D) of 0.0020084 PSU. The standard product of 1dbar binned averaged were produced using data from the secondary sensors. The final Oxygen calibration from the primary sensor had a S.D of 0.85991 uM. The agreement between the sensor and bottle data was good. Both Oxygen sensors calibrated closely. The Biospherical photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), Wetlabs Transmissometer, the Wetlabs ECO chlorophyll, and O&A IMU sensors were also installed on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. The collected data were subsequently processed and archived within the CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (O&A) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart. Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2021_V02, titled: "SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania." The voyage took place between April 14 and April 28, 2021 departing from Hobart (TAS) and arriving in Hobart. Data for 6 deployments were acquired using the Sea-Bird SBE911 CTD 24, fitted with 36 twelve litre bottles on the rosette sampler. Sea-Bird-supplied calibration factors were used to compute the pressures and preliminary conductivity values. CSIRO -supplied calibrations were applied to the temperature data. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. The final conductivity calibration was based on a single deployment grouping. The final calibration from the primary sensor had a standard deviation (SD) of 0. 0015434PSU, within our target of ‘better than 0.002 PSU’. The standard product of 1 decibar binned averaged were produced using data from the primary sensors. The dissolved oxygen data calibration fit had a SD of 0.90687 μM. The agreement between the CTD and bottle data was good. Transmissometer, Wetlabs FLBBRTD and Altimeter were also installed on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. The collected data were subsequently processed and archived within the CSIRO National Collections and Marine Infrastructure (NCMI) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart. Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2023_V03, titled: "SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania" The voyage took place between May 11 and May 25, 2023 departing from Hobart (TAS) and returning to Hobart. Data for 6 CTD deployments were acquired using the Sea-Bird SBE911 CTD unit #24, fitted with 36 twelve-litre bottles on the rosette sampler. Sea-Bird-supplied calibration factors were used to compute the pressures, temperatures, and preliminary conductivity values. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. The collected data were subsequently processed (quality-controlled), and archived by the CSIRO National Collections and Marine Infrastructure (NCMI) Information and Data Centre (IDC). Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2019_V07, titled "RAN Hydrographic and Maritime Heritage Surveys." The voyage took place from Hobart (TAS) to Hobart between April 11 and April 23, 2019. Data for 10 deployments were acquired using the Sea-Bird SBE911 CTD 23, fitted with 36 twelve litre bottles on the rosette sampler. Sea-Bird-supplied calibration factors were used to compute the pressures and preliminary conductivity values. CSIRO-supplied calibrations were applied to the temperature data. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. Casts 1, 2, and 3 were test casts to verify the recently serviced secondary altimeter data and no bottles were fired during those deployments. A Wetlabs CSTAR Transmissometer, Wetlabs CDOM Fluorometer, and PAR sensor were also installed on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. The collected data were subsequently processed and archived within the CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (O&A) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart. Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2019_V03, titled: "A coupled bio-physical, ecosystem-scale examination of Australia’s International Indian Ocean Expedition Line." The voyage took place between May 13 and June 14, 2019 departing from Fremantle (WA) and arrivfing in Fremantle. Data for 54 deployments were acquired using the Sea-Bird SBE911 CTD #23 and #24, fitted with 36 twelve litre bottles on the rosette sampler. CSIRO-supplied calibrations factors were used to compute the pressures, temperature and preliminary conductivity values. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. Chelsea Fluorometer, PAR Sensor, Altimeter, Wetlabs Transmissometer, UVP were also installed on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. Additionally a Teledyne LADCP was installed on the CTD. The collected data were subsequently processed and archived within the CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (O&A) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart. Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2016_V03, titled: "Monitoring Ocean Change and Variability along 170o W from the ice edge to the equator." The voyage took place between April 26 and June 30, 2016 departing from Hobart (TAS) and arriving in Lautoka (Fiji). Data for 141 deployments were acquired using the Seabird SBE911 CTD 20, fitted with 36 twelve litre bottles on the rosette sampler. CSIRO supplied calibrations were applied to the temperature, conductivity, oxygen, and pressure data. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. The final conductivity calibration is based on multiple deployment groupings, due to sensor and deck box changes. Processing was performed on each unique sensor configuration in order to best account for the individual characteristics of each sensor. The final calibration from the primary sensor for casts 1-7 had a standard deviation (S.D) of 0.00088 PSU, a S.D of 0.00117 for casts 8-46, and S.D of 0.00114 for casts 47-141, well within our target of ‘better than 0.002 PSU’. The standard product of 1 dbar binned averaged were produced using data from the primary temperature and conductivity sensors, and the secondary Oxygen sensor. Similarly, the dissolved oxygen data were calibrated in groups of deployments due to sensor changes. The agreement between the CTD and bottle data was good. A Fluorometer, Transmissometer, and altimeter were also installed and logged on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. The collected data were subsequently processed and archived within the CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (O&A) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart. Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.