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Concentrations of flame retardants (PBDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and organochlorinated pesticides measured in the blubber of belugas from the St. Lawrence Estuary population (Delphinapterus leucas)
The endangered St. Lawrence Estuary (SLE) beluga population is in decline and has shown no signs of recovery despite multiple protection measures. Changes in prey availability and exposure to organohalogen contaminants have been proposed as potential factors limiting the its recovery. Studies on SLE belugas show that exposure to contaminants may actually disrupt the individual’s energy metabolism. However, whether this translates into changes in energy reserves and body condition of individuals is still unknown. This dataset was developed to study the potential relationships between the body condition of individuals and their concentrations of organohalogen contaminants and lipid metabolites. The sampling consisted in the recovery of 51 beluga carcasses (37 females and 14 males) stranded in the St. Lawrence estuary between 1998 and 2016 and deemed fresh enough (Geraci-Lounsbury code = <3) to undergo a laboratory necropsy. The necropsy included the following procedures: determination of cause of death, morphometric measurements, sampling of the outer layer of blubber, age measurement and assessment of physical condition. The blubber samples were then subjected to lipid extraction and measurement of their concentration of polybrominated or emerging flame retardants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides. Their concentration of the following lipid metabolites were also measured: fatty acids, acylcarnitines, lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins. The methods are described in further detail in Bernier-Graveline et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110272). Data quality control procedures included triplicate analyses of method blanks and standard reference material. This dataset contains morphometric measurements, sex and age, cause of death, a body condition index, the relative proportion of lipids in blubber, the concentration of polybrominated or emerging flame retardants, polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCB) and organochlorine pesticides and derived products. The contact for the main co-authors of Bernier-Graveline et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110272) are included in the file "Authors_contact_auteurs.pdf"
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PBDEs and emerging flame retardants in belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) and minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) from the St. Lawrence Estuary (Canada) and Canadian Arctic belugas
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The endangered St. Lawrence Estuary (SLE) beluga population is in decline despite multiple protection measures and exposure to organohalogen contaminants have been proposed as an explanation for its lack of recovery. Elevated levels of halogenated flame retardants (HFR) were indeed observed in SLE beluga tissues during the 1990s. The objective of this dataset was to investigate the occurrence of HFRs (35 PBDE congeners and 13 emerging compounds) in the blubber of belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) and minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) from the St. Lawrence as well as belugas from Nunavik where the species is targeted by Inuit subsistence hunt. Methods of sample and data collection were detailed in Simond et al. (2017, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.058). In summary, tissue samples (blubber and skin) from the St. Lawrence region were collected on fresh beluga and minke whale carcasses stranded ashore. Tissue samples from Nunavik region were collected on beluga carcasses landed during Inuit subsistence hunt. The age of belugas was determined according to Stewart et al. (2006). Sample extraction and clean-up and HFR concentration measurements were conducted following Houde et al. (2014). HFR concentrations are reported in ng/g lipid weight. This dataset contains sex and age, body length, percentage of extractable lipids, an index of carcass freshness, d13C and d15N measured in skin (lipid-extracted and bulk samples, respectively), and the concentration of polybrominated and emerging flame retardants measured in blubber. The sample consists of 51 male belugas and 12 minke whales (2 males, 6 females, 4 unknown) from the St. Lawrence and 6 male belugas from Nunavik. Sample collection spans from 1997 to 2014. Quality control procedures included analyses of procedural method blanks, duplicate blubber samples and standard reference materials (SRM; NIST 1945 Whale Blubber) for each batch of ten samples. The contact for the main co-authors of Simond et al. (2017, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.058) are included in the file "Authors_contact_auteurs.pdf"
SRM 1945 Organics in Whale Blubber
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SRM 1945 Organics in Whale Blubber - This Standard Reference Material (SRM) is a frozen whale blubber homogenate intended for use in evaluating analytical methods for the determination of selected polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, chlorinated pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners, and toxaphene congeners. SRM 1945 has been reanalyzed, and the current Certificate of Analysis has values assigned for additional PCB congeners and pesticides, as well as values assigned for selected PBDE and toxaphene congeners. A unit of SRM 1945 consists of two screw-capped glass bottles, each containing approximately 15 g of frozen whale blubber homogenate. This data is public in the Certificate of Analysis for this material.
Bioaccumulation dynamics of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides
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Bioaccumulation dynamics of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides was examined in young-of-the-year bluefish from seven sub-estuaries of New York Bight ecosystem.
Organochlorine residues and elemental contaminants in U.S. freshwater fish, 1976-1986: National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program
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The National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program (NCBP), which was developed and maintained by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), monitored concentrations of environmental contaminants in freshwater fish over a period of about 20 years. Beginning in the 1960s as a component of the multi-agency National Pesticide Monitoring Program (NPMP) and continuing through the mid-1980s, freshwater fish were periodically collected from a national network of stations for analysis of pesticides, PCBs, and other contaminants. The NPMP/NCBP database of contaminant concentrations is the most extensive of its kind, unique in its breadth and depth with respect to environmental contaminant concentrations in fish. The data and information from the NCBP are sought often by a national and international clientele; especially frequent users are biologists in FWS field offices and USGS Water Science Centers. The fish network was suspended by FWS in 1986 pending development of the Biomonitoring of Environmental Status and Trends (BEST) program. The BEST program and the NPMP/NCBP database were transferred to the National Biological Survey/Service (NBS) in 1993. At that time ongoing studies by NBS Inventory and Monitoring (I and M) and the USGS National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) generated new data at NCBP sites. The database was subsequently (1996) transferred to USGS. The database derived from the NCBP is unique in its ability to characterize the exposure of free-ranging organisms, including threatened and endangered species, to toxic contaminants.
Spatial gradients of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides
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Spatial gradients of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides were examined in the young-of-the-year (YOY) blue¿sh collected in the vicinity of a PCB Superfund Site in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, and in the adjacent waters.
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