The Fishery Operations System (FOS) is the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada’s (DFO) centralized Oracle database that holds commercial salmon fishery catch, effort and biological data. The FOS database was built in 2001 and continues to be the current repository for all data pertaining to DFO’s Pacific Region Commercial Salmon Logbook program. The Commercial Salmon Logbook program was initiated in 1998 with fleet wide participation made mandatory during the 2001 season. The program requires all commercial salmon fishers to record their daily catch and effort information in a harvest logbook and to subsequently report it to DFO using a service provider within deadlines defined in the conditions of licence. A portion of the information collected from the logbook program contains fisher personal information and is therefore protected and un-releasable. Fishery Managers use the fisher reported catch and effort, in addition to information collected from other sources such as overflights, to calculate in-season catch estimates. NOTES: - This report contains ONLY commercial catch estimates; it DOES NOT include test fishing, recreational or First Nations data. - These figures are preliminary in-season catch estimates and are subject to change. - Consult the applicable Fishery Manager or Biologist as to the status of particular catch estimates - All catch estimates are reported in pieces (numbers of fish). - Catch estimates include adults and jacks combined. ---------------------------------------------------------- Pacific Fishery Management Areas (PFMAs): https://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/fm-gp/maps-cartes/areas-secteurs/index-eng.html ---------------------------------------------------------- DFO Integrated Fisheries Management Plans (IFMP): http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/fm-gp/ifmp-eng.html ---------------------------------------------------------- DFO Salmon Catch Statistics and Logbook Reports: http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/stats//smon/index-eng.htm ---------------------------------------------------------- Pacific Region Commercial Salmon Fishery Post-Season Catch Estimates, 1996 - 2004: https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/82c7eaa7-7078-4d38-a880-25d53f00c579 ----------------------------------------------------------

Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic loss. This layer represents the average annual commercial catch of reef fish over the years 2003-2013 as reported in commercial catch data collected by the State of Hawaii Department of Aquatic Resources (DAR) Commercial Marine Landings Database (CML). Commercial catch is reported to DAR in large irregular reporting blocks by gear and by species. This layer is the sum of the three gear-specific Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) commercial fishing rasters (line, net, and spear). This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial reporting blocks from the shapefile served on the Hawaii Statewide GIS Program website (Fishchart2008.shp) (http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/). Data are filtered by DAR before release such that reporting blocks with less than three fishers reporting are excluded in order to protect fisher identities. It is not possible to explicitly distinguish between boat-based and shore-based fishing based on the gear types reported in CML data. OTP filtered the data for reef fish species only and calculated average annual catch in kilograms by reporting block and gear type to match with data from the Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP): line, net, and spear. In marine protected areas (MPAs) where boat-based fishing is not allowed, catch was set to zero; and inside de facto MPAs with restricted access, catch was reduced according to expert input and local knowledge. Average annual commercial catch data were converted from polygon to raster for each gear type and then divided by the number of 100-m raster cells within each reporting block so that units are comparable to non-commercial fishing layers (kg/ha). The result assumes commercial catch is evenly distributed spatially across each reporting block.

Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic loss. This layer represents the average annual commercial catch of reef fish by line fishing over the years 2003-2013 as reported in commercial catch data collected by the State of Hawaii Department of Aquatic Resources (DAR) Commercial Marine Landings Database (CML). "Line fishing" is a fairly broad category that can include casting, trolling, hand line, short line, and others. These gears were grouped together for consistency with non-commercial catch estimates from McCoy et al. (2018). Commercial catch is reported to DAR in large irregular reporting blocks by gear and by species. This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial reporting blocks from the shapefile served on the Hawaii Statewide GIS Program website (Fishchart2008.shp) (http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/). Data are filtered by DAR before release such that reporting blocks with less than three fishers reporting are excluded in order to protect fisher identities. It is not possible to explicitly distinguish between boat-based and shore-based fishing based on the gear types reported in CML data. The Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project filtered the data for line fishing and reef fish species only and calculated average annual catch in kilograms by reporting block to match with data from the Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP). In marine protected areas (MPAs) where boat-based fishing is not allowed, catch was set to zero; and inside de facto MPAs with restricted access, catch was reduced according to expert input and local knowledge. Average annual commercial catch data were converted from polygon to raster and then divided by the number of 100-m raster cells within each reporting block so that units are comparable to non-commercial fishing layers (kg/ha). The result assumes commercial catch is evenly distributed spatially across each reporting block.

Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic loss. This layer represents the average annual commercial catch of reef fish by net fishing over the years 2003-2013 as reported in commercial catch data collected by the State of Hawaii Department of Aquatic Resources (DAR) Commercial Marine Landings Database (CML). "Net fishing" is a fairly broad category that can include everything from hand nets and throw nets to gill nets and seine nets; however, it was not possible to parse out more specific gears due to how DAR reports gear type. Commercial catch is reported to DAR in large irregular reporting blocks by gear and by species. This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial reporting blocks from the shapefile served on the Hawaii Statewide GIS Program website (Fishchart2008.shp) (http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/). Data are filtered by DAR before release such that reporting blocks with less than three fishers reporting are excluded in order to protect fisher identities. It is not possible to explicitly distinguish between boat-based and shore-based fishing based on the gear types reported in CML data. The Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project filtered the data for net fishing and reef fish species only and calculated average annual catch in kilograms by reporting block to match with data from the Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP). In marine protected areas (MPAs) where boat-based fishing is not allowed, catch was set to zero; and inside de facto MPAs with restricted access, catch was reduced according to expert input and local knowledge. Average annual commercial catch data were converted from polygon to raster and then divided by the number of 100-m raster cells within each reporting block so that units are comparable to non-commercial fishing layers (kg/ha). The result assumes commercial catch is evenly distributed spatially across each reporting block.

Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic loss. This layer represents the average annual commercial catch of reef fish by spear fishing over the years 2003-2013 as reported in commercial catch data collected by the State of Hawaii Department of Aquatic Resources (DAR) Commercial Marine Landings Database (CML). Commercial catch is reported to DAR in large irregular reporting blocks by gear and by species. This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial reporting blocks from the shapefile served on the Hawaii Statewide GIS Program website (Fishchart2008.shp) (http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/). Data are filtered by DAR before release such that reporting blocks with less than three fishers reporting are excluded in order to protect fisher identities. It is not possible to explicitly distinguish between boat-based and shore-based fishing based on the gear types reported in CML data. The Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project filtered the data for spear fishing and reef fish species only and calculated average annual catch in kilograms by reporting block to match with data from the Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP). In marine protected areas (MPAs) where boat-based fishing is not allowed, catch was set to zero; and inside de facto MPAs with restricted access, catch was reduced according to expert input and local knowledge. Average annual commercial catch data were converted from polygon to raster and then divided by the number of 100-m raster cells within each reporting block so that units are comparable to non-commercial fishing layers (kg/ha). The result assumes commercial catch is evenly distributed spatially across each reporting block.

Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic loss. This layer represents the average annual catch of reef fish by non-commercial fishing methods. Average annual catch at the island scale from 2004-2013 was estimated from Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP) combined fisher intercept and phone survey data (McCoy et al., 2018). These island-scale estimates were spatially distributed offshore by combining two different proxies for shoreline accessibility (terrain steepness and presence of roads) while accounting for marine protected areas (MPAs) and de facto MPAs (e.g., military danger zones) where access is restricted. This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial reporting blocks for commercial fish catch reporting to the State of Hawaii Department of Aquatic Resources (DAR). This layer is the sum of the non-commercial boat-based and shore-based Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) rasters for all gear types (line, net, and spear); for specific details, see respective layers. Final pixels values are in units of kg/ha such that the sum of all pixels for each island is equal to the estimates of average annual catch from McCoy et al. (2018). Units, pixel size, and grid alignment are consistent with all other OTP fishing layers so that they can be compared directly or added together for various uses.

Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic loss. This layer represents the average annual catch of reef fish by non-commercial shore-based fishing methods. Average annual catch at the island scale from 2004-2013 was estimated from Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP) combined fisher intercept and phone survey data (McCoy et al., 2018). These island-scale estimates were spatially distributed offshore by combining two different proxies for shoreline accessibility (terrain steepness and presence of roads) while accounting for marine protected areas (MPAs) and de facto MPAs (e.g., military danger zones) where access is restricted. This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial reporting blocks for commercial fish catch reporting to the State of Hawaii Department of Aquatic Resources (DAR). This layer is the sum of the three final gear-specific non-commercial shore-based Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) rasters (line, net, and spear). Slope of the shoreline was calculated in degrees using a USGS 10-m Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (TIGER) road data from the US Census Bureau were used to classify the presence and type of roads. Attributes for slope and road accessibility were then combined into a single accessibility criterion. A weighting scheme was created that assumes easily accessible shorelines with flat slopes and paved public road access have the highest catch and that catch decreases incrementally with level of accessibility. Any combination that includes no accessibility due to steep slopes received a zero weight and therefore zero fishing. Weights sum to 1 for each island. These weights were then multiplied by the MRIP island-scale estimates of annual catch at each coastal point, for three shore-based gear types: line, net, and spear. For line fishing, catch was extended offshore 200 m. For net fishing, catch was extended offshore to the 20-ft depth contour with a maximum distance from shore of 1 km. For spear fishing, a logistic decay function was used so catch decreases with depth to 40 m or a maximum distance of 2 km from shore. Catch in full no-take MPAs were set to zero and other areas with restricted access were reduced according to expert input and local knowledge. Final pixels values are in units of kg/ha such that the sum of all pixels for each island is equal to the estimates of average annual catch from McCoy et al. (2018). Units, pixel size, and grid alignment are consistent with all other OTP fishing layers so that they can be compared directly or added together for various uses.

Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic loss. This layer represents the estimated average annual catch of reef fish by all gear types and fishers (kg/ha). It is the summed total of the other Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) fishing layers (Commercial Total, Non-Commercial Shore-based Total, and Non-Commercial Boat-based Total). Commercial catch data come from the State of Hawaii Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR) over the years 2003-2013. Non-commercial catch data were estimated from Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP) combined fisher intercept and phone survey data from 2004-2013. For all fishing layers, OTP accounted for marine protected areas (MPAs) where fishing is prohibited and de facto MPAs (e.g., military danger zones) where access is restricted. For more information on the methodology used to map catch from different sources and by individual gear types, see their respective data layers. See also McCoy et al. (2018) for further details.

Hawaii law requires that all fishers who take marine life for commercial purposes report their catch and effort to the Hawaii Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR). From 1948 through 2009, fishers submitted their effort and catch using paper forms supplied by DAR. The forms were revised multiple times over the years therefore the exact elements tracked depends on the year. In January 2010, DAR launched a self reporting web application to replace the paper forms. A minority of fishers still submit paper forms which are then entered into the web application by DAR staff. All data from 1948 through today has been migrated into a single modern database.

Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic loss. This layer represents the average annual catch of reef fish by non-commercial shore-based line fishing methods. Average annual catch at the island scale from 2004-2013 was estimated from Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP) combined fisher intercept and phone survey data (McCoy et al., 2018). These island-scale estimates were spatially distributed offshore by combining two different proxies for shoreline accessibility (terrain steepness and presence of roads) while accounting for marine protected areas (MPAs) and de facto MPAs (e.g., military danger zones) where access is restricted. This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial reporting blocks for commercial fish catch reporting to the State of Hawaii Department of Aquatic Resources (DAR). Slope of the shoreline was calculated in degrees using a USGS 10-m Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (TIGER) road data from the US Census Bureau were used to classify the presence and type of roads. Attributes for slope and road accessibility were then combined into a single accessibility criterion. A weighting scheme was created that assumes easily accessible shorelines with flat slopes and paved public road access have the highest catch and that catch decreases incrementally with level of accessibility. Any combination that includes no accessibility due to steep slopes received a zero weight and therefore zero fishing. Weights sum to 1 for each island. These weights were then multiplied by the MRIP island-scale estimates of annual catch from line fishing at each coastal point. Catch was then extended offshore 200 m. Catch in full no-take MPAs were set to zero and other areas with restricted access were reduced according to expert input and local knowledge. Final pixels values are in units of kg/ha such that the sum of all pixels for each island is equal to the estimates of average annual catch from McCoy et al. (2018). Units, pixel size, and grid alignment are consistent with all other OTP fishing layers so that they can be compared directly or added together for various uses.