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Surficial geology and geohazards of the greater Whitehorse area.
Remote predictive community-scale surficial geology mapping was completed for the greater Whitehorse area, through desktop interpretation of recent high-resolution imagery (primarily 2013–2019 lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) and 2007 air photos), and supported by field investigations carried out during the 2017–2021 field seasons. The nominal scale of mapping is 1:15 000, although some features were mapped at scales as large as 1:5000. This report provides background on the mapping methodology and classification system used, as well as some discussion of geohazards. The surficial geology is provided as a series of ten 1:15 000 scale map sheets in PDF format (Sheets 1 to 10; Fig. 1), and digitally in Esri geodatabase format (with standardized symbology files), as an accompaniment to this open file report. The map was also used to develop an aggregate potential model (Sheet 11), which can be used to help guide future exploration for gravel resources in the study area. Geohazards that exist within the study area include landslides, radon gas, seismicity, permafrost and flooding. This report focusses on landslides as the primary geohazard, and includes a robust summary of the unprecedented landslide activity along the Whitehorse escarpment that occurred in early 2022. Recent and historical landslide features are also identified in the accompanying surficial geology map. Landforms that indicate the presence of permafrost are likewise identified in the surficial geology map. Additionally, Yukon Geological Survey (YGS) collaborated with Yukon University Research Centre (YRC) from 2017 to 2021 to characterize permafrost in the region in detail. The results of this work were recently published by Roy et al. (2021). Their report also provides a summary of historical climate trends and future climate change projections for the Whitehorse area.
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Greater Whitehorse area permafrost characterization
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This document comprises a compilation of technical reports for field investigations completed by Yukon University Research Centre (YRC) at seven case study sites that represent common permafrost environments in the greater Whitehorse area. This work was completed for Yukon Geological Survey (YGS) with core funding from Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada (CIRNAC) Climate Change Preparedness in the North (CCPN) program. The primary purpose of the report is to document results of field investigations (e.g., ERT geophysics, drilling and geotechnical laboratory analysis) completed by YRC at each site. Supporting background material and case study geological descriptions were prepared by YGS, along with general discussion relating to climate change and implications for development.
Surficial geology, Ross River Region, Yukon, parts of NTS 105K/1 & 2 and 105F/15 & 16
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Local-scale surficial geology mapping was completed as part of a community hazards mapping program coordinated by the Northern Climate ExChange (Yukon Research Centre, Yukon College). This program assesses potential landscape hazards under changing future conditions by incorporating a variety of data sets, including surficial geology, topography (slope and aspect), permafrost distribution, site-specific permafrost data (e.g. ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography and borehole data), analyses of past hydrological and climatological trends, and future climate projections. The surficial geology map describes surface landscape features, sediment texture, genetic material, surface expression and geomorphological processes. Detailed descriptions of local surficial geology and hazard analysis methodology are presented in the accompanying report. The accompanying landscape hazard classification map identifies existing and potential geological hazards such as landslides, permafrost stability and flooding; the hazard map is presented in stoplight colours to provide an intuitive tool for community decision makers aiming to incorporate an adaptation planning framework into existing land use management practices.
Surficial geology investigations in Wellesley basin and Nisling Range, southwest Yukon.
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Results of surficial geology investigations in Wellesley basin and the Nisling Range can be summarized into four main highlights, which have implications for exploration, development and infrastructure in the region: 1) in contrast to previous glacial-limit mapping for the St. Elias Mountains lobe, no evidence for the late Pliocene/early Pleistocene pre-Reid glacial limits was found in the study area; 2) placer potential was identified along the Reid glacial limit where a significant drainage diversion occurred for Grayling Creek; 3) widespread permafrost was encountered in the study area including near-continuous veneers of sheet-wash; and 4) a monitoring program was initiated at a recently active landslide which has potential to develop into a catastrophic failure that could damage the White River bridge on the Alaska Highway.
Surficial Geology of the Village of Mayo (parts of NTS 105M/12) Yukon (1:20 000-scale)
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Local-scale surficial geology mapping was completed as part of a community hazards mapping program coordinated by the Northern Climate ExChange (Yukon Research Centre, Yukon College). This program assesses potential landscape hazards under changing future conditions by incorporating a variety of data sets, including surficial geology, topography (slope and aspect), permafrost distribution, site-specific permafrost data (e.g. ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography and borehole data), analyses of past hydrological and climatological trends, and future climate projections. The surficial geology map describes surface landscape features, sediment texture, genetic material, surface expression and geomorphological processes. Detailed descriptions of local surficial geology and hazard analysis methodology are presented in the accompanying report. The accompanying landscape hazard classification map identifies existing and potential geological hazards such as landslides, permafrost stability and flooding; the hazard map is presented in stoplight colours to provide an intuitive tool for community decision makers aiming to incorporate an adaptation planning framework into existing land use management practices.
Preliminary stratigraphic and geotechnical investigations of the glaciolacustrine and loess deposits around the city of Whitehorse (NTS 105D/11), Yukon.
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This paper presents the preliminary results of a study investigating the stratigraphy and basic geotechnical properties of the surficial geology deposits observed in the bluffs around the city of Whitehorse. A total of eleven sections were examined on both the east and west banks of the Yukon River. Representative stratigraphic units were analysed for grain size distribution; deposits ranged in size from silt and clay to coarse gravel. Most of the observed sediments represent the glaciolacustrine depositional environment of Glacial Lake Laberge with the exception of a loess unit exposed near the top of the sections. Consistency indices of seven silt and clay-rich samples collected in the bluffs surrounding Whitehorse indicate a low plasticity comparable with other Canadian loess units and the glaciolacustrine bluffs around Kamloops and in the Elk Valley of British Columbia. The soil unconfined compressive strength was estimated using a pocket penetrometer and the dry silt and clay-rich units were found to have strength estimates up to two orders of magnitude greater than the sand-rich units.
Surficial geology, Old Crow, Yukon, parts of NTS 116O/12
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Local-scale surficial geology mapping was completed as part of a community hazards mapping program coordinated by the Northern Climate ExChange (Yukon Research Centre, Yukon College). This program assesses potential landscape hazards under changing future conditions by incorporating a variety of data sets, including surficial geology, topography (slope and aspect), permafrost distribution, site-specific permafrost data (e.g. ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography and borehole data), analyses of past hydrological and climatological trends, and future climate projections. The surficial geology map describes surface landscape features, sediment texture, genetic material, surface expression and geomorphological processes. Detailed descriptions of local surficial geology and hazard analysis methodology are presented in the accompanying report. The accompanying landscape hazard classification map identifies existing and potential geological hazards such as landslides, permafrost stability and flooding; the hazard map is presented in stoplight colours to provide an intuitive tool for community decision makers aiming to incorporate an adaptation planning framework into existing land use management practices.
Surficial geology, Dawson Region, Yukon, parts of NTS 115O/14 & 15 and 116B/1, 2, 3, & 4
공공데이터포털
Local-scale surficial geology mapping was completed as part of a community hazards mapping program coordinated by the Northern Climate ExChange (Yukon Research Centre, Yukon College). This program assesses potential landscape hazards under changing future conditions by incorporating a variety of data sets, including surficial geology, topography (slope and aspect), permafrost distribution, site-specific permafrost data (e.g. ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography and borehole data), analyses of past hydrological and climatological trends, and future climate projections. The surficial geology map describes surface landscape features, sediment texture, genetic material, surface expression and geomorphological processes. Detailed descriptions of local surficial geology and hazard analysis methodology are presented in the accompanying report. The accompanying landscape hazard classification map identifies existing and potential geological hazards such as landslides, permafrost stability and flooding; the hazard map is presented in stoplight colours to provide an intuitive tool for community decision makers aiming to incorporate an adaptation planning framework into existing land use management practices.
Near-surface geophysical investigation of a gravel site near Whitehorse, Yukon
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A reconnaissance inventory of permafrost-related landslides in the Pelly River watershed, central Yukon
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A reconnaissance inventory of permafrost-related landslides in the Pelly River watershed was conducted in 2006, largely in response to local community concerns regarding the potential impacts of climate change on slope stability and possible effects on water quality. Using aerial photograph analysis, satellite imagery, and visual inspection from a fixed-wing aircraft, over 100 permafrostrelated slides were located near the Pelly and MacMillan rivers and various tributaries. Basic geomorphic characteristics were determined for many of the failures based on analysis of remote sensing data, and reviews of existing literature and surficial geology maps. Most of the landslides identified were small active-layer detachments and retrogressive thaw failures. Several large failures also illustrate important characteristics associated with permafrost-related landslides, including their source-area setting, triggers, high mobility, the longevity of their activity and their ability to impact very large areas. The nature and distribution of the identified failures highlights a number of implications for land-use in central Yukon and emphasizes the need for enhanced methods of permafrost detection and regional mapping in the Territory.
Surficial Geology of Pelly Crossing (part of NTS 115I/15) Yukon (1:20 000-scale)
공공데이터포털
Local-scale surficial geology mapping was completed as part of a community hazards mapping program coordinated by the Northern Climate ExChange (Yukon Research Centre, Yukon College). This program assesses potential landscape hazards under changing future conditions by incorporating a variety of data sets, including surficial geology, topography (slope and aspect), permafrost distribution, site-specific permafrost data (e.g. ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography and borehole data), analyses of past hydrological and climatological trends, and future climate projections. The surficial geology map describes surface landscape features, sediment texture, genetic material, surface expression and geomorphological processes. Detailed descriptions of local surficial geology and hazard analysis methodology are presented in the accompanying report. The accompanying landscape hazard classification map identifies existing and potential geological hazards such as landslides, permafrost stability and flooding; the hazard map is presented in stoplight colours to provide an intuitive tool for community decision makers aiming to incorporate an adaptation planning framework into existing land use management practices.
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