This dataset contains sound velocity profiles collected in Northern Massachusetts Bay during hydrographic surveys on small ships. Profiles were collected at approximately 2 hour intervals for sound speed profilers and approximately 15 minutes for moving vessel profilers. Data are in netcdf format.

The natural resiliency of the New Jersey barrier island system, and the efficacy of management efforts to reduce vulnerability, depends on the ability of the system to recover and maintain equilibrium in response to storms and persistent coastal change. This resiliency is largely dependent on the availability of sand in the beach system. In an effort to better understand the system's sand budget and processes in which this system evolves, high-resolution geophysical mapping of the sea floor in Little Egg Inlet and along the southern end of Long Beach Island near Beach Haven, New Jersey was conducted from May 31 to June 10, 2018, followed by a sea floor sampling survey conducted from October 22 to 23, 2018, as part of a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey and Stockton University. Multibeam echo sounder bathymetry and backscatter data were collected along 741 kilometers of tracklines (approximately 200 square kilometers) of the coastal sea floor to regionally define its depth and morphology, as well as the type and distribution of sea-floor sediments. Six hundred ninety-two kilometers of seismic-reflection profile data were also collected to define the thickness and structure of sediment deposits in the inlet and offshore. These new data will help inform future management decisions that affect the natural and recreational resources of the area around and offshore of Little Egg Inlet. These mapping surveys provide high-quality data needed to build scientific knowledge of the evolution and behavior of the New Jersey barrier island system.

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The sound velocity and other data in this accession has been processed by NODC from a tape submitted by the originator containing Inverted Echo Sounder data from the R/V Endeavor cruise 205, October 1989. It also contains data previously sent to NODC for the Seasonal Equatorial Atlantic (SEQUAL) project for sites Sal and Sol. These data are in NODC format for pressure gauge data (F017) and the format described in the documentation. The file Sal represents observations from several deployments (overlap of instruments) therefore there are duplicates in the data. These data have been released by Dr. Eli Katz from Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory. CTD data was also sent and can be found under track numbers TV5152-TV5154. Data has been re-processed and re-submitted on March 24, 1991. A01402 W18760 Data has been processed by NODC to the NODC standard High-Resolution CTD/STD (F022) format. The F022 format contains high-resolution data collected using CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) and STD (salinity-temperature-depth) instruments. As they are lowered and raised in the oceans, these electronic devices provide nearly continuous profiles of temperature, salinity, and other parameters. Data values may be subject to averaging or filtering or obtained by interpolation and may be reported at depth intervals as fine as 1m. Cruise and instrument information, position, date, time and sampling interval are reported for each station. Environmental data at the time of the cast (meteorological and sea surface conditions) may also be reported. The data record comprises values of temperature, salinity or conductivity, density (computed sigma-t), and possibly dissolved oxygen or transmissivity at specified depth or pressure levels. Data may be reported at either equally or unequally spaced depth or pressure intervals. A text record is available for comments.

Sound velocity and depth observation data were collected using sound velocimeter. Data were collected in the Gulf of Mexico from April 4, 2005 to April 24, 2006. Data were submitted by the National Ocean Service (NOS)