This dataset contains dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH on total scale, nutrients and other variables measured from profile discrete observations during the R/V Hugh R. Sharp cruise S11802 (EXPOCODE 33H520181102) in the North Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, and Mid-Atlantic Bight from 2018-11-02 to 2018-11-12. Increasing amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide from human industrial activities are causing changes in global ocean carbon chemistry ultimately resulting in a reduction in pH, a process termed ocean acidification. Studies have demonstrated adverse effects on calcifying organisms, particularly some invertebrates, corals, sea urchins, pteropods, and coccolithophores, but also on species of commercial interest such as oysters or crabs. In support of the coastal monitoring and research objectives of the NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (OAP), the Ecosystem Monitoring Cruises (ECOMON) are utilized to collect water samples to measure water column inorganic carbon and hydrographic parameters including nutrients. Samples are collected at three depths (surface, mid-depth and near bottom) at select stations on a quarterly basis in the northeastern Atlantic continental shelf region of the United States. Water samples are sent to and analyzed by scientists at the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) for dissolved inorganic carbon, pH and total alkalinity concentrations. Additional samples are analyzed for nutrient concentrations at the University of Maine. These data are used to monitor short-long term coastal ocean acidification trends.

Near-shore estuarine and coastal regions are where most recreational fishing and tourism occur, yet they are vastly under-sampled. Their susceptibility to OA is not well understood due to their high biogeochemical variability. These regions are affected by land-side processes such as river discharge and run-offs and ocean-side processes through slope water exchange. A full determination of the carbonate system in these regions in conjunction with open ocean measurements is needed to increase our understanding of the effects of OA on ocean health and fisheries and our ability to predict them. In this project, we propose to augment several observational campaigns by 1) adding a carbonate component to the harmful algal blooms (HABs) monitoring cruises conducted periodically on the Western Florida Shelf in order to study potential links between HABs and OA, 2) renewing our collaboration with select National Parks to complement and enhance our near-shore data collection on the Northern Gulf of America and US East Coast, and 3) complementing our underway surface pCO2 measurements in the Gulf of America and US East Coast with underway total alkalinity measurements to help us improve our fundamental understanding of nearshore OA processes. The addition of these measurements to the current assets already present in the region would enhance our understanding of the linkage between nearshore and open ocean processes and better assess the mechanisms and impacts of OA on the biogeochemistry, biology and their economic consequences.

Near-shore estuarine and coastal regions are where most recreational fishing and tourism occur, yet they are vastly under-sampled. Their susceptibility to OA is not well understood due to their high biogeochemical variability. These regions are affected by land-side processes such as river discharge and run-offs and ocean-side processes through slope water exchange. A full determination of the carbonate system in these regions in conjunction with open ocean measurements is needed to increase our understanding of the effects of OA on ocean health and fisheries and our ability to predict them. In this project, we propose to augment several observational campaigns by 1) adding a carbonate component to the harmful algal blooms (HABs) monitoring cruises conducted periodically on the Western Florida Shelf in order to study potential links between HABs and OA, 2) renewing our collaboration with select National Parks to complement and enhance our near-shore data collection on the Northern Gulf of America and US East Coast, and 3) complementing our underway surface pCO2 measurements in the Gulf of America and US East Coast with underway total alkalinity measurements to help us improve our fundamental understanding of nearshore OA processes. The addition of these measurements to the current assets already present in the region would enhance our understanding of the linkage between nearshore and open ocean processes and better assess the mechanisms and impacts of OA on the biogeochemistry, biology and their economic consequences.

This dataset includes discrete sample and profile observations, collected during the R/V L'Atalante BIOZAIRE III cruise (EXPOCODE 35A320031214) in the South Atlantic Ocean from 2003-12-14 to 2004-01-07. These data include Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, Delta Carbon-13, Delta Oxygen-18, nitrate, silicate and phosphate. The instruments used to collect these data include CTD and Niskin bottles. These data were collected by Nicolas Metzl of Sorbonne University (SU) as part of the BIOZAIRE_III dataset.

This dataset contains surface discrete measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, water temperature, salinity, nutrients, and other variables collected from profile and flow through (FT) observations during the R/V F. G. Walton Smith cruise WS0523 (EXPOCODE 33WA20051007), in the North Atlantic ocean from 2005-10-07 to 2005-10-16. Increasing amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide from human industrial activities are causing changes in global ocean carbon chemistry resulting in a reduction in pH, a process termed ocean acidification. In support of the coastal monitoring and research objectives of the NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (OAP), the South Florida Project Cruises (SFP) are utilized to collect water samples to measure surface water inorganic carbon and hydrographic parameters including nutrients. Samples are collected from 34 stations on a bi-monthly basis to monitor the outflow of the Shark River Slough (SRS) and red tide in the southwestern Gulf of Mexico. Water samples are sent to and analyzed by scientists at the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) for dissolved inorganic carbon, pH, total alkalinity and nutrient concentrations. These data are used to observe the effects of the SRS on acidification in the coastal ocean.

This dataset includes chemical, discrete sample, physical and profile data collected from R/V Pelagia cruise along the CLIVAR Repeat Section AR07E (EXPOCODE 64PE20070830) in the North Atlantic Ocean from 2007-08-30 to 2007-09-27. These data include dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, oxygen, silicate, nitrate, phosphate, potential temperature (theta), salinity, and temperature. The instruments used to collect these data include alkalinity titrator, CTD, Coulometer for DIC measurement and bottle. These data were collected by Steven M. A. C. van Heuven of Groningen University and Geert-Jan A. Brummer of Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) as part of the CLIVAR_AR07E_2007 dataset. The International CLIVAR Global Ocean Carbon and Repeat Hydrography Program carries out a systematic and global re-occupation of select WOCE/JGOFS hydrographic sections to quantify changes in storage and transport of heat, fresh water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and related parameters.

This dataset includes discrete profile data collected during the R/V Rachel Carson cruises 201605CB, 201606CB, 201608CB, 201610CB (EXPOCODEs 32RC20160504, 32RC20160606, 32RC20160808, 32RC20161010) in the Chesapeake Bay and North Atlantic Ocean from 2016-05-04 to 2016-10-13. These data include dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and calcium ion measured from discrete bottles. The data are from the first bay-wide observational study of the main stem of the Chesapeake Bay. Four bay-wide cruises were conducted in the Chesapeake Bay on R/V Rachel Carson on May 4–6, June 6–10, August 8–12, and October 10–13, 2016, and one bay-wide cruise was on a commercial boat on February 21–22, 2019. The surface underway data from these cruises are archived at NCEI as Accession 0191507. The field research was supported by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA (NA15NOS4780190).

This dataset includes profile discrete measurements of CTD temperature, CTD salinity, bottle salinity, CTD oxygen, bottle oxygen, nutrients, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH on total scale, chlorofluorocarbons and other measurements obtained during the SOCCOM Biogeochemical floats deployments cruise IN2018_V01 along the GO-SHIP Repeat Section SR03, S04I (EXPOCODE 096U20180111) in the Southern Ocean from 2018-01-11 to 2018-02-22. SOCCOM project is a large scale National Science Foundation funded research project based at Princeton University that started in September 2014. The project aims to increase the understanding of the Southern Ocean and the role it plays in factors such as climate, as well as educate new scientists with oceanic observation.

This dataset includes discrete profile measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, macronutrients, and oxygen isotopes measured during R/V Rachel Carson cruise RC0083 in the the Gulf of Alaska from 2022-08-11 to 2022-08-24. The cruise was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Ocean Acidification Program (OAP). The carbonate system data were collected and analyzed by members at the Ocean Acidification Research Center (OARC) at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF). The dissolved oxygen and macronutrient samples were analyzed by Calvin Mordy's group at UW CICOES and NOAA PMEL. The oxygen stable isotopes were analyzed at the Oregon State University Stable Isotope Lab. CTD operations were led by the chief scientist, Jessica Cross, and the ship's crew.

This dataset consists of dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, water temperature and salinity collected from profile, discrete sampling, and time series observations during the R/V Gulf Challenger cruise near the Mooring buoy NH_70W_43N off the coast of New Hampshire, U.S. in the Gulf of Maine from 2022-04-13 to 2022-11-15. Additionally, an underway pCO2 measurement system was operated on some of these cruises, and surface underway pCO2 data are included in this archival package.