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Raw light data, coral host genotypic information and zooxanthellae type and relative abundance from coral reefs in the Florida Keys 2015-09-21 to 2016-05-26 (NCEI Accession 0175572)
Several parameters were used to assess coral bleaching in the Florida Keys as part of NOAA’s Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP). The data described in this package are light, seawater pH, and coral symbiont assemblage data collected from the upper and lower Florida Keys. Light data was collected using a PAR sensor which measures light as photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, umol m-2 s-1). Seawater pH was collected using a SAMI pH sensor or a SeaBird SeaFET pH sensor. These sensors were located at the same sites as the PAR sensors and recorded pH hourly. During peak bleaching (22-25 September 2015), 20 colonies of O. faveolata were sampled with a hammer and chisel from 10 sites (n=200 total coral samples). All corals were sampled from the top of the colony given that symbiont types can change with colony orientation. A small subsample was immediately preserved in 95% ethanol for genetic analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted using the organic extraction protocol described in Rowan and Power (1991). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays were used to understand patterns of algal symbiont community structure to detect the presence of background symbiont types. Zooxanthellae type and abundance data are described in this package to understand the relationship between O. faveolata and Symbiodinium to assess coral bleaching responses. Symbiont assemblages in the data set are described by clades A, B, C and D since O. faveolata has been shown to associate with members from all these clades.
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Florida Keys Corals: A Photographic Record of Changes from 1959 to 2015
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This data release contains time-series photographs taken of corals and coral habitats in the Florida Keys between 1959 and 2015 at Carysfort Reef and Grecian Rocks (a total of six sites). The original intent was to show coral reef recovery after Hurricane Donna devastated the area in 1960. Corals, especially elkhorn and staghorn coral, grew prolifically after the storm until the late 1970s, then began to decline, with the maximum period of decline centered around 1983 and 1984. These time-series photographs, showing the same individual coral colonies year after year, document the decline in coral health observed at these locations, mirroring patterns seen region-wide across the western Atlantic. A selection of the photographs was previously published (in low resolution) in Lidz and others (2006), wherein findings and conclusions related to these data were discussed. Lidz, B. H., Reich, C. D., Peterson, R. L., and Shinn, E. A. (2006). New maps, new information: Coral reefs of the Florida Keys. Journal of Coastal Research, 22(2), 260-282, https://doi.org/10.2112/05A-0023.1
Coral reef fish species survey data GIS from the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (NCEI Accession 0001394)
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This data set consists of an ArcView shapefile set that contains locations of sampled coral reef fish species at the National Marine Sanctuary along the Florida Keys. The dataset contains information about 5 classes of coral reefs, 216 fish species, and 6 benthic habitat.
The Relative Composition of Late Pleistocene Coral Reefs in the Florida Keys
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The U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center’s (USGS SPCMSC) Core Archive in St. Petersburg, FL contains a collection of coral-reef cores collected from throughout the Florida Keys reef tract (FKRT). In a previous study (Toth and Stathakopoulos, 2019), USGS researchers analyzed the upper, Holocene (~11,700 years ago to present) sections of those cores to evaluate how the coral composition of the FKRT changed over millennial timescales. Using the same methods, USGS researchers quantified the relative composition of late Pleistocene (~116 to 74 thousand years before present; Marine Isotope Stages [MIS] 5d, 5c, 5b, and 5a) sections of the coral reef cores dated by Hsia and others (2024a,b). This data release provides metadata about the location of the cores and summarizes the relative composition of coral taxa and other carbonates and the water depths (relative to modern mean sea level) of the analyzed core intervals. The data release also provides a summary of previously unpublished data (collected by David Weinstein) on the relative composition of an older Late Pleistocene reef (growing ~130–116 thousand years before present; MIS5e) from the subaerially exposed fossil reef at Windley Key Fossil Reef Geological Park. These data are compared with Holocene and modern coral-reef assemblages on the FKRT in Toth and others (2025).
Experimental coral-growth rate, reef survey, and time-series imagery data collected between 1998 and 2017 to investigate construction and erosion of Orbicella coral reefs in the Florida Keys, U.S.A.
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The USGS Coral Reef Ecosystems Studies project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/crest/) provides science that helps resource managers tasked with the stewardship of coral reef resources. This data release contains data on coral-growth rates for Orbicella sp. coral colonies grown at five sites on the Florida Keys reef tract from 2013 to 2015, survey data for census-based carbonate budgeting at Hen and Chickens Reef (Islamorada, Florida) collected in 2017, and time-series photographs taken of permanent markers used to measure reef erosion at Hen and Chickens Reef in 1998 and 2015. The time-series photographs document a loss in coral-reef elevation over 17 years at this site. The data will be used to inform resource managers of the capacity for future growth (or loss) of reefs dominated by genus Orbicella in the Florida Keys so that the reef ecosystem might be better understood and managed. The datasets included here were interpreted in Kuffner and others (2019). Kuffner, I.B., Toth, L.T., Hudson, J.H., Goodwin, W.B., Stathakopoulos, A., Bartlett, L.A. and Whitcher, E.M. (2019), Improving estimates of coral reef construction and erosion with in situ measurements. Limnol Oceanogr. doi:10.1002/lno.11184
Underwater temperature data collected from off-shore coral reefs of the Florida Keys, U.S.A. (Version 3)
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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coral Reef Ecosystems Studies (CREST) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/crest/) provides science that helps resource managers tasked with the stewardship of coral reef resources. Coral reef organisms are very sensitive to high and low water-temperature extremes. It is critical to precisely know water temperatures experienced by corals and associated plants and animals that live in the dynamic nearshore environment to document thresholds in temperature tolerance. This dataset provides underwater temperature data recorded every fifteen minutes from 2009 to 2017 at five off-shore coral reefs in the Florida Keys, USA. From northeast to southwest, these sites are Fowey Rocks (Biscayne National Park), Molasses Reef (Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, FKNMS), Crocker Reef (FKNMS), Sombrero Reef (FKNMS), and Pulaski Shoal (Dry Tortugas National Park). A portion of the dataset included here was interpreted in conjunction with coral and algal calcification rates in Kuffner and others (2013).
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