One mooring was deployed near the M45 station by the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) from October 2020 to June 2021. These observations support the GLERL Long-Term Ecological Research program. The M45 station is part of the Muskegon Transect in Lake Michigan near the NOAA Lake Michigan Field Station, Muskegon, MI. The “M45X” mooring is a physical and biological mooring that collects temperature and fluorometer measurements near the surface and bottom over the winter. The approximate depth of this mooring location was 45 m. The M45X mooring collects surface and bottom temperature and fluorometer measurements hourly. The temperature sensors were Sea-Bird 39. The Wet Labs fluorometers measured voltage, which were converted to chlorophyll concentrations. Please see the “Supplemental Information” for more information about the chlorophyll concentrations. The data files for this mooring contain the station name “noaa-glerl-michigan-lter-m45x-” in the file name. Note, during the 2020-2021 deployment a fluorometer was deployed at the bottom of the M45X mooring, but only collected data for the first several days. These data are not included in the accession. All measurements were collected continuously during this time period. Included in this data package are two data formats, netCDF and CSV. Metadata is included in the netCDF file, the CSV files also contain a data dictionary explaining the column headings.

One mooring was deployed near the M45 station by the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) from September 2021 to May 2022. These observations support the GLERL Long-Term Ecological Research program. The M45 station is part of the Muskegon Transect in Lake Michigan near the NOAA Lake Michigan Field Station, Muskegon, MI. The “M45X” mooring is a physical and biological mooring that collects temperature and fluorometer measurements over the winter. The approximate depth of this mooring location was 45 m. The M45X mooring collects surface and bottom temperature and fluorometer measurements hourly. The temperature sensors were Sea-Bird 39. The Wet Labs fluorometers measured voltage, which were converted to chlorophyll concentrations. Please see the “Supplemental Information” for more information about the chlorophyll concentrations. The data files for this mooring contain the station name “noaa-glerl-michigan-lter-m45x-” in the file name. All measurements were collected continuously during this time period. Included in this data package are two data formats, netCDF and CSV. Metadata is included in the netCDF file, the CSV files also contain a data dictionary explaining the column headings.

Two moorings were deployed near the M110 station by the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) from August 2020 to May 2021 and October 2020 to May 2021. These observations support the GLERL Long-Term Ecological Research program. The M110 station is part of the Muskegon Transect in Lake Michigan near the NOAA Lake Michigan Field Station, Muskegon, MI. The first mooring, “M110”, is an oceanographic mooring containing a temperature string and an acoustic doppler current profiler approximately 200 meters from the temperature string. The second mooring, “M110X”, is a physical and biological mooring that collects temperature and fluorometer measurements near the surface and bottom over the winter. The approximate depth of this mooring location was 110 m. The M110 deployment’s temperature string collects vertical water temperatures at hourly and sub-hourly time intervals at 16 depths by Hobo Onset and Tidbits thermistors. Current speed and direction were collected at sub-hourly time intervals at 49 depths by a Teledyne RDI WorkHorse acoustic doppler current profiler. The data files for this mooring contain the station name “noaa-glerl-michigan-lter-m110-” in the file name. The physical and biological mooring collects surface and bottom temperature and fluorometer measurements hourly. The temperature sensors were Sea-Bird 39. The Wet Labs fluorometers measured voltage, which were converted to chlorophyll concentrations. Please see the “Supplemental Information” for more information about the chlorophyll concentrations. The data files for this mooring contain the station name “noaa-glerl-michigan-lter-m110x-” in the file name. All measurements were collected continuously during this time period. Included in this data package are two data formats, netCDF and CSV. Metadata is included in the netCDF file, the CSV files also contain a data dictionary explaining the column headings.

Two moorings were deployed near the M110 station by the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) from 2014 through 2020. These observations support the GLERL Long-Term Ecological Research program. The M110 station is part of the Muskegon Transect in Lake Michigan near the NOAA Lake Michigan Field Station, Muskegon, MI. The first mooring, “M110”, is an oceanographic mooring containing a temperature string and an acoustic doppler current profiler approximately 200 meters from the temperature string. The second mooring, “M110X”, is a physical and biological mooring that collects temperature and fluorometer measurements over the winter. The approximate depth of this mooring location was 110 m. The M110 deployment’s temperature string collects vertical water temperatures at hourly time intervals at multiple depths by SeaBird, HOBO Onset, and HOBO Tidbits thermistors. Current speed and direction were collected at sub-hourly time intervals at multiple depths by a Teledyne RDI WorkHorse acoustic doppler current profiler. The data files for this mooring contain the station name “noaa-glerl-michigan-lter-m110-” in the file name. The physical and biological mooring collects surface and bottom temperature and fluorometer measurements hourly. The temperature sensors were HOBO Tidbit and Sea-Bird 39 thermistors. The Wet Labs fluorometers measured voltage, which were converted to chlorophyll concentrations. Please see the “Supplemental Information” for more information about the chlorophyll concentrations. The data files for this mooring contain the station name “noaa-glerl-michigan-lter-m110x-” in the file name. All measurements were collected continuously during the deployments. Note the deployments are not continuous throughout this time period. Several sensors shown on the mooring diagrams failed during deployments, those data are not included in this accession. Included in this data package are two data formats, netCDF and CSV. Metadata is included in the netCDF file, the CSV files also contain a data dictionary explaining the column headings.

Two moorings were deployed near the M110 station by the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) from May 2021 to May 2022 and September 2021 to May 2022. These observations support the GLERL Long-Term Ecological Research program. The M110 station is part of the Muskegon Transect in Lake Michigan near the NOAA Lake Michigan Field Station, Muskegon, MI. The first mooring, “M110”, is an oceanographic mooring containing a temperature string and an acoustic doppler current profiler approximately 200 meters from the temperature string. The second mooring, “M110X”, is a physical and biological mooring that collects temperature and fluorometer measurements over the winter. The approximate depth of this mooring location was 110 m. The M110 deployment’s temperature string collects vertical water temperatures at hourly time intervals at 16 depths by SeaBird and Tidbits thermistors. Current speed and direction were collected at sub-hourly time intervals at 49 depths by a Teledyne RDI WorkHorse acoustic doppler current profiler. The data files for this mooring contain the station name “noaa-glerl-michigan-lter-m110-” in the file name. The physical and biological mooring collects surface and bottom temperature and fluorometer measurements hourly. The temperature sensors were Sea-Bird 39. The Wet Labs fluorometers measured voltage, which were converted to chlorophyll concentrations. Please see the “Supplemental Information” for more information about the chlorophyll concentrations. The data files for this mooring contain the station name “noaa-glerl-michigan-lter-m110x-” in the file name. All measurements were collected continuously during this time period. Included in this data package are two data formats, netCDF and CSV. Metadata is included in the netCDF file, the CSV files also contain a data dictionary explaining the column headings.

NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory collected the data from moored Realtime Coastal Observation Network, ReCON, Muskegon M20 Buoy (NDBC station 45161), Lake Michigan, an in-situ moored station, in the Great Lakes. Observations have been collected at this location since 2009, this record contains the 2020 observations. Note, the short deployment of this buoy in 2020 is due to COVID-19 and a reduced field work season. This station is also known as NOAA National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) station Muskegon Buoy, MI (45161). A temporal subset of these data are available from NDBC and the Great Lakes Observing System (GLOS) since 2012, this data accession contains the complete record of observations. The ReCON buoy provides continuous, real-time observations facilitates modification of sampling parameters in anticipation of episodic events, facilitates the collection of field samples in response to episodic events, supports long term research, and contributes to sensor and system development. Parameters collected include currents and water temperature. The block of text at the beginning of each file contains information about the location and sensor used to collect data and the data headers followed by the observed data. Column 1 of the data is the timestamp, column 2 is the observed data, and column 3, where applicable, the QARTOD flag. Five QARTOD tests were run including gross range, climatological, spike, rate of change, and flat line tests. The highest value from the five tests were included under the “Qartod” column. If data were known to be invalid, that line of data was removed from the dataset.

NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory collected the data from moored Realtime Coastal Observation Network, ReCON, Muskegon M45 Buoy, Lake Michigan, an in-situ moored station, in the Great Lakes. Observations have been collected at this location since 2016, this record contains the 2020 observations. Note, the short deployment of this buoy in 2020 is due to COVID-19 and a reduced field work season. The ReCON buoy provides continuous, real-time observations facilitates modification of sampling parameters in anticipation of episodic events, facilitates collection of field samples in response to episodic events, supports long term research, and contributes to sensor and system development. Parameters collected include currents and water temperature. The block of text at the beginning of each file contains information about the location and sensor used to collect data and the data headers followed by the observed data. Column 1 of the data is the timestamp, column 2 is the observed data, and column 3, where applicable, the QARTOD flag. Five QARTOD tests were run including gross range, climatological, spike, rate of change, and flat line tests. The highest value from the five tests were included under the “Qartod” column. If data were known to be invalid, that line of data was removed from the dataset.