This data release contains the output from an ecological analysis modeling the exposure of 214 fish taxa across the conterminous US (CONUS) to an index of surface water supply and use imbalances (SUI), the proportion of monthly gross average water supply available after accounting for climate variation and consumptive use, during their spawning months, hereafter referred to as spawning exposure. SUI were calculated in Miller and others (2024) by combining the monthly water balance from water supply and human consumptive uses for CONUS from water years 2010-2020 at the HUC12 scale. Water supply inputs were generated from two physically-based hydrologic models, and consumptive water use was calculated from three separate national models for agricultural irrigation, thermoelectric power generation, and public supply. Water budgets were routed through the surface water flow network (to allow for upstream consumptive uses to affect downstream water availability) and used to determine potential water limitations for human populations and fish taxa. We overlaid water supply imbalances with the modeled ranges of 241 fish taxa, including Species of Greatest Conservation Need, recreationally important, and common native taxa. SUI were evaluated within each HUC12 and specifically mean weighted based on the probability of spawning in each month for each taxa. Our analyses indicated multiple taxa having notable proportions of their habitats exposed to high or severe water imbalances during spawning, especially the federally-listed Arkansas River shiner. This analysis can be used to identify fish taxa particularly exposed to water availability issues, specifically from surface water supply and use imbalances, during the physiologically important spawning period. However, this analysis did not consider specific taxa-level differences as to the sensitivity of different taxa to limited water supply. This data release contains five tabular datasets in comma-separated values (.csv), covering a tabular data dictionary, input data supporting analysis, raw analysis output, and summarized versions at two spatial scales for convenience. They are: 1) data_dictionary.csv - A data dictionary containing entity and attribute information about variable names, descriptions, types, ranges, and unique values for easy access. 2) SpawningExposure_TaxaSpawningWeights.csv - Dataset used to weigh spawning months for each taxon in calculation of the spawning exposure. Derived from Frimpong and Angermeier, 2011. 3) SpawningExposure_SUI_HUC12.csv - CONUS level dataset of spawning exposure to SUI from 2010-2020 for each fish taxa reported for each HUC12 where they are present. 4) SpawningExposure_SUI_CONUS_Summary.csv - A summary of spawning exposure to SUI by fish taxa, for the entire habitat range in CONUS, the range-averaged SUI exposure and percentage of habitat in each SUI category class. 5) SpawningExposure_SUI_Regional_Summary.csv - Summaries of spawning exposure to SUI by fish taxa, for each Van Metre (2020) hydrologic region, the region range-average exposure and percentage of the region's habitat range in each SUI category class.

This USGS data release contains products that resulted from aquatic species distribution modeling in the United States on the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 2.1. Source data, supporting code and model results are documented in this data release. The file species_model_list.csv provides a list of most recent models for each combination of species, habitat, and region.

This USGS data release contains products that resulted from aquatic species distribution modeling in the United States on the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 2.1. Source data, supporting code and model results are documented in this data release. The file species_model_list.csv provides a list of most recent models for each combination of species, habitat, and region.

This USGS data release documents presence and absences of 419 fish species in the conterminous United States for 35,918 stream reaches of the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 2.1 (NHDPlusV2.1). Sample dates for this dataset span 1990-2019. Fish samples were aligned to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), where each species record was assigned a Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN). The dataset is structured with records representing a stream reach (i.e. comid), sample description (i.e. source, date) and a series of 419 columns representing species where each species column is named as the TSN. Data can be visualized on the NHDPlusV2.1 after a tabular join using the field 'comid' or can be projected and visualized as point data using the latitude and longitude fields (using coordinate reference system NAD83) that represent the midpoint of the stream reach that they were associated with. Data are provided in comma separated value (CSV) format.

This USGS data release documents presence and absences of 419 fish species in the conterminous United States for 35,918 stream reaches of the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 2.1 (NHDPlusV2.1). Sample dates for this dataset span 1990-2019. Fish samples were aligned to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), where each species record was assigned a Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN). The dataset is structured with records representing a stream reach (i.e. comid), sample description (i.e. source, date) and a series of 419 columns representing species where each species column is named as the TSN. Data can be visualized on the NHDPlusV2.1 after a tabular join using the field 'comid' or can be projected and visualized as point data using the latitude and longitude fields (using coordinate reference system NAD83) that represent the midpoint of the stream reach that they were associated with. Data are provided in comma separated value (CSV) format.

This USGS data release documents presence and absences of 419 fish species in the conterminous United States for 35,918 stream reaches of the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 2.1 (NHDPlusV2.1). Sample dates for this dataset span 1990-2019. Fish samples were aligned to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), where each species record was assigned a Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN). The dataset is structured with records representing a stream reach (i.e. comid), sample description (i.e. source, date) and a series of 419 columns representing species where each species column is named as the TSN. Data can be visualized on the NHDPlusV2.1 after a tabular join using the field 'comid' or can be projected and visualized as point data using the latitude and longitude fields (using coordinate reference system NAD83) that represent the midpoint of the stream reach that they were associated with. Data are provided in comma separated value (CSV) format.

This CSV file contains cumulative fish habitat condition index (HCI) scores generated for river reaches of the conterminous United States as well as indices generated specifically for four spatial units including local and network catchments and 90 m local and network buffers of river reaches. Note that the cumulative HCI score is determined from limiting index scores generated for the four spatial units listed above. Detailed methods for calculating cumulative fish habitat condition index scores as well as the indices for each spatial extent can be found on the following website: http://assessment.fishhabitat.org/: The variables used to create indices in catchments vs. buffers differ due to differences in resolution of datasets. The following anthropogenic disturbance variables were used to create local and network catchment indices: Percent of urban land use, percent of impervious surface, human population density, road density, percent of pasture/hay, percent of cultivated crops, density of point source pollution sites (National Pollution Discharge Elimination, Toxic Inventory Release and National Superfund), nutrient and sediment loading to watersheds, habitat fragmentation metrics (density of dams and road crossings), density of mines and water withdrawals. The following anthropogenic disturbance variables were analyzed to create the local and network buffer indices: percent of urban land use, percent of agriculture, percent of pasture/hay and percent of impervious surface. The source datasets that were compiled and attributed to catchments were identified as being: (1) meaningful for assessing fish habitat; (2) consistent across the entire study area in the way that they were assembled; (3) representative of conditions in the past 10 years, and (4) of sufficient spatial resolution that they could be used to make valid comparisons among local catchment and buffer units. Also included in this CSV file are the most limiting and severe disturbances to stream reaches operating within each of the four spatial extents. Limiting disturbances are defined as those disturbances that result in a stream reach not being in the best available condition determined for the region. Severe disturbances are a subset of limiting disturbances that are associated with stream reaches in a given region that were scored as having high or very high risk of habitat degradation (red and orange color groups). In this data set, indices as well as limiting and severe disturbances are linked to the stream reaches, catchments and buffers created for the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 1 (NHDPlusV1) using the COMID identifier. It is important to recognize that these broadly-defined disturbance variables often act together with other measured or unmeasured threats to degrade habitat. Thus, while we may identify “urbanization” as a major threat to fish habitat in some regions, “urbanization” represents an umbrella term that describes many facets of urban development that could cause degradation to habitats. Fields in this dataset that begin with the "L_" prefix represent the local catchment whereas network catchments (defined by all upstream contributing catchments to the reach's outlet, including the reach's own local catchment; attributes begin with "N_" prefix. Like the catchment variables the buffer variables are labeled using a "LB_" and "NB_" prefix for local buffer and network buffer variables, respectively. More information about the processes used to create scores can be found in the processes section. Version 2.0 includes the addition of severe disturbances for each spatial scale and fixes errors documented in the change log.

This CSV file contains cumulative fish habitat condition index (HCI) scores generated for river reaches of the conterminous United States as well as indices generated specifically for four spatial units including local and network catchments and 90 m local and network buffers of river reaches. Note that the cumulative HCI score is determined from limiting index scores generated for the four spatial units listed above. Detailed methods for calculating cumulative fish habitat condition index scores as well as the indices for each spatial extent can be found on the following website: http://assessment.fishhabitat.org/: The variables used to create indices in catchments vs. buffers differ due to differences in resolution of datasets. The following anthropogenic disturbance variables were used to create local and network catchment indices: Percent of urban land use, percent of impervious surface, human population density, road density, percent of pasture/hay, percent of cultivated crops, density of point source pollution sites (National Pollution Discharge Elimination, Toxic Inventory Release and National Superfund), nutrient and sediment loading to watersheds, habitat fragmentation metrics (density of dams and road crossings), density of mines and water withdrawals. The following anthropogenic disturbance variables were analyzed to create the local and network buffer indices: percent of urban land use, percent of agriculture, percent of pasture/hay and percent of impervious surface. The source datasets that were compiled and attributed to catchments were identified as being: (1) meaningful for assessing fish habitat; (2) consistent across the entire study area in the way that they were assembled; (3) representative of conditions in the past 10 years, and (4) of sufficient spatial resolution that they could be used to make valid comparisons among local catchment and buffer units. Also included in this CSV file are the most limiting and severe disturbances to stream reaches operating within each of the four spatial extents. Limiting disturbances are defined as those disturbances that result in a stream reach not being in the best available condition determined for the region. Severe disturbances are a subset of limiting disturbances that are associated with stream reaches in a given region that were scored as having high or very high risk of habitat degradation (red and orange color groups). In this data set, indices as well as limiting and severe disturbances are linked to the stream reaches, catchments and buffers created for the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 1 (NHDPlusV1) using the COMID identifier. It is important to recognize that these broadly-defined disturbance variables often act together with other measured or unmeasured threats to degrade habitat. Thus, while we may identify “urbanization” as a major threat to fish habitat in some regions, “urbanization” represents an umbrella term that describes many facets of urban development that could cause degradation to habitats. Fields in this dataset that begin with the "L_" prefix represent the local catchment whereas network catchments (defined by all upstream contributing catchments to the reach's outlet, including the reach's own local catchment; attributes begin with "N_" prefix. Like the catchment variables the buffer variables are labeled using a "LB_" and "NB_" prefix for local buffer and network buffer variables, respectively. More information about the processes used to create scores can be found in the processes section. Version 2.0 includes the addition of severe disturbances for each spatial scale and fixes errors documented in the change log.

This CSV file contains landscape factors representing anthropogenic disturbances to stream habitats summarized within local and network stream catchments as well as 90 m local and network buffer of stream reaches throughout the conterminous U.S. The source datasets compiled and attributed to spatial units were identified as being: (1) meaningful for assessing fluvial fish habitat; (2) consistent across the entire study area in the way that they were assembled; (3) broadly representative of conditions in the past 10 years, and (4) of sufficient spatial resolution that they could be used to make valid comparisons among local catchment units. Variables summarized at the catchment scale include measures of anthropogenic land uses, population density, roads, dams, mines, water withdrawals, sediment and nutrient loading to rivers, and point-source pollution sites, whereas buffers were attributed with only land use variables. In this data set, variable summaries are linked to catchments and buffers developed for the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 1 (NHDPlusV1) using the COMID identifier. Catchment attributes are available for both local catchments (defined as the land area draining directly to a reach; attributes begin with "L_" prefix) and network catchments (defined by all upstream contributing catchments to the reach's outlet, including the reach's own local catchment; attributes begin with "N_" prefix). Like the catchment variables the buffer variables are labeled using a LB and NB prefix for local buffer and network buffer variables, respectively.

This CSV file contains landscape factors representing anthropogenic disturbances to stream habitats summarized within local and network stream catchments as well as 90 m local and network buffer of stream reaches throughout the conterminous U.S. The source datasets compiled and attributed to spatial units were identified as being: (1) meaningful for assessing fluvial fish habitat; (2) consistent across the entire study area in the way that they were assembled; (3) broadly representative of conditions in the past 10 years, and (4) of sufficient spatial resolution that they could be used to make valid comparisons among local catchment units. Variables summarized at the catchment scale include measures of anthropogenic land uses, population density, roads, dams, mines, water withdrawals, sediment and nutrient loading to rivers, and point-source pollution sites, whereas buffers were attributed with only land use variables. In this data set, variable summaries are linked to catchments and buffers developed for the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 1 (NHDPlusV1) using the COMID identifier. Catchment attributes are available for both local catchments (defined as the land area draining directly to a reach; attributes begin with "L_" prefix) and network catchments (defined by all upstream contributing catchments to the reach's outlet, including the reach's own local catchment; attributes begin with "N_" prefix). Like the catchment variables the buffer variables are labeled using a LB and NB prefix for local buffer and network buffer variables, respectively.