This data release includes data collected in the pursuit of identifying pre- and post-colonial riparian ecosystems found throughout Anne Arundel County, Maryland, USA. The single shapefile included documents the depths cored at both detailed study sites, and their spatial locations. Seventeen comma-delimited tables are included. Fourteen record pollen records at various depths identified within sediment cores taken at this study's two detailed investigation sites: Main Creek, near Pasadena, MD, and Bacon Ridge Branch, near Crownsville, MD. The remaining three include: radiocarbon dates associated with woody material identified in these sediment cores, visible, near-infrared, and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) information associated with each sediment core respectively, and a data dictionary for the visible, near-infrared, and XRF data for clarity.

This data release includes data collected in the pursuit of identifying pre- and post-colonial riparian ecosystems found throughout Anne Arundel County, Maryland, USA. Two comma-delimited tables are included. The first documents pollen records at various depths identified within sediment samples taken throughout the county's floodplains. The other describes morphological information identifying tree species found buried in-situ throughout the county.

This dataset contains 10 raw common-offset ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiles collected at 7 locations in the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, Atlantic County and Ocean County, New Jersey, in October and November 2014 and January 2015. A MALA® 80 megahertz (MHz) HDR shielded antenna was used for 3 profiles named DinnerPointAve, GameFarmRd-1, and GameFarmRd-2. A MALA® 100 MHz shielded antenna was used for 7 profiles named ReedyCreek-1, ReedyCreek-2, ScottsLandingRd, SouthWildlifeDr, StaffordAve-eastwest, StaffordAve-westeast, and WescottAve. Pre- and post-processing methods such as filters, topographic corrections, wave velocity determinations, and depth conversions have not been applied to these data. Interpretations and processing details of GPR lines in this dataset are available in USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5135 (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175135).

This data release is part of a larger data release including data collected in the pursuit of identifying pre- and post-colonial riparian ecosystems found throughout Anne Arundel County, Maryland, USA. A single raster file is included, and represents a topological classification of the entire county according to a hydrologically conditioned Digital Elevation Model (DEM). These data were generated through the use of r.geomorphon, a GRASS GIS toolkit, to classify local terrain conditions into one of ten distinct landforms called geomorphons.

This child item contains ground penetrating radar (GPR) data collected over a small alpine wetland between Mogul Mine and Cement Creek located near Silverton, Colorado. Mine-impacted water is transported to Cement Creek via surface channels and groundwater through this wetland. The GPR method transmits radar pulses into the ground and measures the returned amplitude from these pulses over time. Variations in subsurface electromagnetic (EM) properties (dielectric permittivity, electrical conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility) affect the timing and amplitude of returned radar energy. For example, variation in water or mineral content are physical properties that often influence the EM properties that are observed with GPR. For these deployments a MALA GX monitor and 450 MHz HDR antennas were used and measurements were made over several transects within the wetland. Additional details are contained in the ‘readme.txt’ files within each zip data directory.

Five ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiles were collected on 4/4/2019 at the West Fork of Dall Creek in interior Alaska. The West Fork of Dall Creek contains a burn scar (2004 Dall City fire) surrounded by unburned black spruce forest. Collected profiles except for the central midpoint survey (CMP) cross the burn scar with the beginning and end of each transect ending in the unburned black spruce forest. Data were collected with a Sensors and Software pulseEKKO pro unit and 100 mHz antennas. Four of the lines were conducted as common offset surveys with manual data collection that employed a consistent antenna separation of 1m and data traces being collected every 25cm along the transect. A central midpoint survey (CMP) was collected along Line3 (a common offset line) where antennas started at a 1m separation and antennas were moved out 10cm at a time for each subsequent trace increasing the antenna separation.

This metadata record documents six LiDAR point clouds, six point cloud generation reports, and three comma-delimited tables that contain information on local channel morphology and topography for a select number of reaches along Midway Branch and its associated tributaries within the confines of Fort George G. Meade, Fort Meade, Maryland. Point cloud generation reports include diagnostic information regarding errors introduced during registration and other associated processing steps. Information included in the comma-delimited tables include data regarding bed, bank, and overall channel characteristics for each reach surveyed.

Topographic data were collected along study reach 3 in Caulks Creek in Wildwood, Missouri, on multiple dates, using terrestrial light detection and ranging (t-lidar), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and conventional surveying techniques (Rydlund and Densmore, 2012). The data from the first two surveys are high-resolution topography in laser scan format, collected using a tripod mounted t-lidar at multiple scan setups. Data collection software integrated and stored the range and angular measurements from the t-lidar equipment. Computer software was used to process the raw data, align the various scans in reference to one another, classify the data, and extract the topography data in a useable format. The data from the second two surveys are stored in a comma-separated value (csv) format, collected using a tripod mounted Trimble M3 Total Station. The data represent the channel, bank, and near overbank surface and were saved with RGB (red-green-blue) color in LAS format. The topographic data are provided for the entire study reach for the first two survey dates (February 2022 and July 2022) with RGB color in LAS format and for the last two survey dates (February 2023 and July 2023) in a single csv file.

This data release includes five comma delimited tables that support a pilot study on identifying and monitoring source sediment fingerprints within Stony Clove Creek, Catskills, NY. These tables consist of sediment particle size information, elemental analysis results, stable isotope analysis results, and percent fines for the samples collected. "SourceSamples_Info.csv" and "TargetSamples_Info.csv" contain the fine sediment yields for each individual source and target sample, respectively. "SourceSamples_noRoad.csv" and "TargetSamples_halfDL.csv" contain the elemental, stable isotope, and grain size results for each individual source and target sample, respectively. "ReportingLimits.csv" contains the elemental reporting limits provided by Denver Metals Laboratory.

In cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) deployed ground control points and coordinated aerial photograph acquisition of Fern Ridge Lake, a multi-purpose reservoir in western Oregon impounded by the 13-m tall Fern Ridge Dam. Aerial photographs were acquired by the Civil Air Patrol (CAP) during winter 2023 when water levels were at or near typical annual “low pool” or minimum pool, a target elevation (108 m NGVD 29) for flood-control operations. Photographs were acquired at two different altitudes with a WaldoAir XCAM Ultra 50 camera mounted on a Cessna aircraft and captured the entire reservoir area as defined by full pool (or maximum conservation pool elevation), including major tributaries entering the reservoir such as the Long Tom River and Coyote Creek, upstream of Fern Ridge Dam. Dam operations at the 3,700-hectare Fern Ridge Lake, located 39 kilometers upstream of the confluence of the Long Tom River and the Willamette River, along with other hydrogeomorphic conditions, result in a diverse array of geomorphic processes and landforms within the reservoir. To document reservoir floor geomorphology, the USGS applied structure-from-motion (SfM) techniques to these aerial photographs, following the workflow outlined in Over and others (2021), and generated three-dimensional xyz point clouds, digital surface models (DSMs), and orthomosaics of Fern Ridge Lake at low pool. This data release includes ground control points, dataset footprints, original aerial photographs, processed point clouds, DSMs, and orthomosaics of Fern Ridge Lake with varying aerial extents and resolutions that were all developed from imagery acquired in January and February of 2023: (1) the January 30 model (FernRideLake_10cm) covered the entire reservoir area with an average point density of 7.47 points per square meter, DSM resolution of 36.6 centimeters per pixel, and orthomosaic ground resolution of 9.15 centimeters per pixel; (2) the January 31 model (FernRidgeLake_5cmLongTomRiver) covered the Long Tom River within the reservoir with an average point density of 25 points per square meter, DSM resolution of 20 centimeters per pixel, and orthomosaic ground resolution of 5 centimeters per pixel; (3) the combined February 2 and February 8 model (FernRidgeLake_5cmCoyoteCreek) covered Coyote Creek within the reservoir with an average point density of 36.3 points per square meter, DSM resolution of 16.6 centimeters per pixel, and orthomosaic ground resolution of 4.15 centimeters per pixel. All DSMs and orthomosaics are formatted as Cloud Optimized GeoTIFFs (COGs) for enhanced web visualization (GDAL 2024). This documentation describes a high-resolution point cloud (LAZ file) of the Long Tom River within Fern Ridge Lake, Oregon, generated from SfM techniques using aerial photographs acquired on January 31, 2023.