In 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Upper Colorado River Wild and Scenic Stakeholder Group, studied the magnitude and recurrence interval of streamflow needed to initiate bed movement of gravel-sized and finer sediment in a segment of the Colorado River in Colorado to better understand sediment movement and its relation to flow regimes of the river. Bed movement occurred more frequently and at lower streamflows from State Bridge to Catamount Bridge compared to the study area upstream from State Bridge. Two stationary hydrophone systems were installed on April 23, 2019 at the above Catamount Bridge stationary hydrophone site (above Catamount Bridge site), and two were installed on April 24, 2019 at the Radium stationary hydrophone site (Radium site). These four systems recorded underwater sounds related to bed movement until all the stationary hydrophone systems were removed on August 26, 2019. The upstream location and downstream location at the Radium site were located on the right streambank 400 feet (ft) and 2,000 ft downstream from the Grand County Road 11 Bridge, respectively. The upstream location and downstream location at the above Catamount Bridge site were located on the right streambank 16,800 ft (3.2 miles) and 18,200 ft (3.4 miles) upstream from the Catamount Bridge, respectively. At each of the four monitoring reach locations (an upstream and downstream location at both sites), a stationary hydrophone system with two Aquarian H2a-XLR hydrophones and one recording computer was deployed. The stationary hydrophone systems were programmed to collect a 1-minute audio recording at 15-minute intervals, which is equivalent to the time stamp of the stage and streamflow data collected at the streamgages in the study area (USGS streamgage 09058000 Colorado River near Kremmling, Colo. and USGS streamgage 09060799 Colorado River at Catamount Bridge, Colo.). The audio data were recorded as 44.1 kilohertz, 16-bit stereo (2-channel) .wav files for 1 minute at 15-minute intervals. Debris was found on the hydrophones during each routine servicing, which caused nonsediment background noise in the recordings.

In 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Upper Colorado River Wild and Scenic Stakeholder Group, studied the magnitude and recurrence interval of streamflow needed to initiate bed movement of gravel-sized and finer sediment in a segment of the Colorado River in Colorado to better understand sediment movement and its relation to flow regimes of the river. Bed movement occurred more frequently and at lower streamflows from State Bridge to Catamount Bridge compared to the study area upstream from State Bridge. Two longitudinal hydrophone profiles were carried out at different streamflows to collect underwater acoustic data using hydrophones throughout the study area on June 6-8, 2019 and June 18-19, 2019 (June 18-19 longitudinal profile). The June 18-19 longitudinal profile began at the Pumphouse Recreation Area and ended at the Catamount Bridge boat launch located at the USGS streamgage 09060799 Colorado River at Catamount Bridge, Colo. For the June 18-19 longitudinal profile, a mobile hydrophone system, consisting of two H2a-XLR hydrophones (Aquarian Audio, 2013) and a recording system, was attached to a 16-foot Hyside inflatable raft and mounted about 1 foot below the water line (one on the port side of the raft and the second the starboard side of the raft).

In 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Upper Colorado River Wild and Scenic Stakeholder Group, studied the magnitude and recurrence interval of streamflow needed to initiate bed movement of gravel-sized and finer sediment in a segment of the Colorado River in Colorado to better understand sediment movement and its relation to flow regimes of the river. Bed movement occurred more frequently and at lower streamflows from State Bridge to Catamount Bridge compared to the study area upstream from State Bridge. Two longitudinal hydrophone profiles were carried out at different streamflows to collect underwater acoustic data using hydrophones throughout the study area on June 6-8, 2019 and June 18-19, 2019 (June 18-19 longitudinal profile). The June 18-19 longitudinal profile began at the Pumphouse Recreation Area and ended at the Catamount Bridge boat launch located at the USGS streamgage 09060799 Colorado River at Catamount Bridge, Colo. For the June 18-19 longitudinal profile, a mobile hydrophone system, consisting of two H2a-XLR hydrophones (Aquarian Audio, 2013) and a recording system, was attached to a 16-foot Hyside inflatable raft and mounted about 1 foot below the water line (one on the port side of the raft and the second the starboard side of the raft).

In 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Upper Colorado River Wild and Scenic Stakeholder Group, studied the magnitude and recurrence interval of streamflow needed to initiate bed movement of gravel-sized and finer sediment in a segment of the Colorado River in Colorado to better understand sediment movement and its relation to flow regimes of the river. Bed movement occurred more frequently and at lower streamflows from State Bridge to Catamount Bridge compared to the study area upstream from State Bridge. Two longitudinal hydrophone profiles were carried out at different streamflows to collect underwater acoustic data using hydrophones throughout the study area on June 6-8, 2019 (June 6-8 longitudinal profile) and June 18-19, 2019. The June 6-8 longitudinal profile began at the Pumphouse Recreation Area and ended at the Dotsero boat launch located at Dotsero, Colo. For the June 6-8 longitudinal profile, one of the mobile hydrophone systems, consisting of two H2a-XLR hydrophones (Aquarian Audio, 2013) and a recording system, was attached to a 16-foot Hyside inflatable raft and mounted about 1 foot below the water line (one on the port side of the raft and the second on the starboard side of the raft). A second mobile hydrophone system, consisting of one H2a-XLR hydrophone (Aquarian Audio, 2013) and a recording system, was attached to a 16-foot Down River Equipment inflatable cataraft and mounted about 1 foot below the water line on the stern of the raft.

In 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Upper Colorado River Wild and Scenic Stakeholder Group, studied the magnitude and recurrence interval of streamflow needed to initiate bed movement of gravel-sized and finer sediment in a segment of the Colorado River in Colorado to better understand sediment movement and its relation to flow regimes of the river. Bed movement occurred more frequently and at lower streamflows from State Bridge to Catamount Bridge compared to the study area upstream from State Bridge. Two independent and complementary lines of evidence were collected to detect incipient bed movement. Two stationary hydrophone systems were installed on April 23, 2019 at the above Catamount Bridge stationary hydrophone site, and two were installed on April 24, 2019 at the Radium stationary hydrophone site. These four systems recorded underwater sounds related to bed movement until all the stationary hydrophone systems were removed on August 26, 2019. Two longitudinal hydrophone profiles were carried out at different streamflows to collect underwater acoustic data using hydrophones throughout the study area on June 6-8, 2019 (June 6-8 longitudinal profile) and June 18-19, 2019 (June 18-19 longitudinal profile). The June 6-8 longitudinal profile began at the Pumphouse Recreation Area and ended at the Dotsero boat launch located at Dotsero, Colo. The June 18-19 longitudinal profile began at the Pumphouse Recreation Area and ended at the Catamount Bridge boat launch located at the USGS streamgage 09060799 Colorado River at Catamount Bridge, Colo. Pebble counts of coarse surface particles were performed in the wadeable areas adjacent to the stationary hydrophones to provide general estimates of the size of the material that could be mobilized and recorded near the hydrophones.

Underwater passive acoustic monitoring was conducted at multiple sites on rivers in the Willamette River Basin, Oregon. Hydrophones were used to record the sound associated with coarse river-bed sediment (bedload) movement. Bedload supply and transport are key factors determining channel morphology in gravel-bed rivers and can affect reach-scale conditions such as aggradation and incision as well as the formation of smaller-scale channel landforms such as gravel bars and riffles. Bedload transport also has implications for aquatic species that depend upon river-bed sediment, such as macroinvertebrates that dwell in the riverbed and Endangered Species Act (ESA)-listed salmonids that require suitable size substrates for spawning. Therefore, relating bedload transport to streamflow is important for understanding hydrogeomorphic and habitat responses to streamflows, and can be used to inform ecologically sustainable river management decisions (such as environmental flow and river restoration programs), particularly in reaches downstream of dams with altered streamflow and sediment regimes. This data release includes a subset of audio files, in Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC) format, collected at three sites on the North Santiam River (Greens Bridge, Mehama, and above Stout Creek) and two sites on the McKenzie River (Walterville and Berggren Watershed Conservation Area). Audio files were recorded for 1 minute every 15 or 30 minutes from 2021 to 2024, generally between November and May of each year. These raw audio files are provided as-is and may contain channel-specific recording errors. Subject to additional quality assurance and control and analysis, these audio files may be useful as a bedload surrogate. The raw audio files published in this data release were collected to inform the Willamette Basin Sustainable Rivers Program (SRP), a partnership between The Nature Conservancy (TNC) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to provide ecologically sustainable flows downstream of dams while still meeting human needs and congressionally authorized purposes. This documentation describes a subset of the hydrophone audio files collected in 2021-2022 for the above Stout Creek site along the North Santiam River, Oregon. The files for the period December 16, 2021, to April 4, 2022 are stored in a single zipped folder. The folder name denotes water year acquired, river, and monitoring site (HydrophoneAudio_WYYYYY_River_Site.zip). File names within the zipped folder denote site name and timestamp (in Pacific Standard Time) in Month, Day, Year-Hours, Minutes, Seconds format (SiteName_MMDDYY-HHMMSS.flac). This site was approximately 5 kilometers downstream of USGS streamgage 14183000 - North Santiam River at Mehama, Oregon; audio included here were collected at flows above 4,850 cubic feet per second at this streamgage. Also included is a photograph of the hydrophones installed at this site.

Underwater passive acoustic monitoring was conducted at multiple sites on rivers in the Willamette River Basin, Oregon. Hydrophones were used to record the sound associated with coarse river-bed sediment (bedload) movement. Bedload supply and transport are key factors determining channel morphology in gravel-bed rivers and can affect reach-scale conditions such as aggradation and incision as well as the formation of smaller-scale channel landforms such as gravel bars and riffles. Bedload transport also has implications for aquatic species that depend upon river-bed sediment, such as macroinvertebrates that dwell in the riverbed and Endangered Species Act (ESA)-listed salmonids that require suitable size substrates for spawning. Therefore, relating bedload transport to streamflow is important for understanding hydrogeomorphic and habitat responses to streamflows, and can be used to inform ecologically sustainable river management decisions (such as environmental flow and river restoration programs), particularly in reaches downstream of dams with altered streamflow and sediment regimes. This data release includes a subset of audio files, in Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC) format, collected at three sites on the North Santiam River (Greens Bridge, Mehama, and above Stout Creek) and two sites on the McKenzie River (Walterville and Berggren Watershed Conservation Area). Audio files were recorded for 1 minute every 15 or 30 minutes from 2021 to 2024, generally between November and May of each year. These raw audio files are provided as-is and may contain channel-specific recording errors. Subject to additional quality assurance and control and analysis, these audio files may be useful as a bedload surrogate. The raw audio files published in this data release were collected to inform the Willamette Basin Sustainable Rivers Program (SRP), a partnership between The Nature Conservancy (TNC) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to provide ecologically sustainable flows downstream of dams while still meeting human needs and congressionally authorized purposes. This documentation describes a subset of the hydrophone audio files collected in 2023-2024 for the Berggren Watershed Conservation Area site along the McKenzie River, Oregon. The files are separated by water year in two zipped folders, for April 8, 2023 to April 21, 2023, and December 02, 2023 to January 23, 2024. Folder names denote water year acquired, river, and monitoring site (HydrophoneAudio_WYYYYY_River_Site.zip). File names within zipped folders denote site name and timestamp (in Pacific Standard Time) in Month, Day, Year-Hours, Minutes, Seconds format (SiteName_MMDDYY-HHMMSS.flac). This site was approximately 9 kilometers upstream of USGS streamgage 14164900 - McKenzie River above Hayden Bridge, at Springfield, Oregon; audio included here were collected at flows above 4,790 cubic feet per second at this streamgage. Also included is a photograph of the hydrophones installed at this site.

These data were compiled to determine the rate and magnitude of channel-planform change, and the topographic change of the channel and floodplain in Echo, Island, and Rainbow Parks within Dinosaur National Monument between the 1990s and 2019. The objective(s) of our study were to analyze geomorphic change within Echo, Island, and Rainbow Parks to determine the magnitude and style of channel change with respect to the past two decades of combined streamflow from Flaming Gorge Dam and the relatively unregulated Yampa River. These data represent river channel planform delineations made within a geographic information system, and topographic channel and floodplain data collected using total stations, depth sounders, Real-Time Kinematic GNSS, and multibeam sonar. These data were collected in June 2019.

These data were compiled to determine the rate and magnitude of channel-planform change, and the topographic change of the channel and floodplain in Echo, Island, and Rainbow Parks within Dinosaur National Monument between the 1990s and 2019. The objective(s) of our study were to analyze geomorphic change within Echo, Island, and Rainbow Parks to determine the magnitude and style of channel change with respect to the past two decades of combined streamflow from Flaming Gorge Dam and the relatively unregulated Yampa River. These data represent river channel planform delineations made within a geographic information system, and topographic channel and floodplain data collected using total stations, depth sounders, Real-Time Kinematic GNSS, and multibeam sonar. These data were collected in June 2019.

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) calculated multiple basin characteristics as part of preparing the Upper Colorado & Gunnison Rivers Pilot StreamStats application. These datasets are raster representations of various environmental, geological, and land use attributes within the Upper Colorado & Gunnison Rivers study area (also known as the Next-Generation Water Observing System, or NGWOS), and will be served in the National StreamStats application (https://streamstats.usgs.gov) to describe delineated watersheds. The StreamStats application provides access to spatial analysis tools that are useful for water-resources planning and management, and for engineering and design purposes. The map-based user interface can be used to delineate drainage areas, to retrieve basin characteristics, to estimate flow statistics, and more.