This data release provides water-quality data collected and analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) during 1972 through 2020. This data release includes a discrete water-quality concentration dataset (total dissolved solids, chloride, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, nitrate plus nitrite, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, orthophosphate, total phosphorus, total suspended solids, and fecal coliform bacteria densities) used for characterization of water-quality trends in the Kansas River. This data release also includes two datasets containing annual flow-normalized and low-flow water-quality concentrations and loads (total dissolved solids, chloride, ammonia, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (computed by summing ammonia and nitrate plus nitrite), total nitrogen (computed by summing total Kjeldahl nitrogen and nitrate plus nitrite), orthophosphate, total phosphorus, total suspended solids, and fecal coliform bacteria densities), with confidence intervals, at the Kansas River at Wamego, KS (USGS station 06887500) and the Kansas River at De Soto, KS (USGS station 06892350). Annual flow-normalized and low-flow concentrations and loads were computed using the Exploration and Graphics for RivER Trends (EGRET) R package and Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) model (Hirsch and others, 2010; Hirsch and De Cicco, 2015). Confidence intervals for annual flow-normalized and low-flow concentrations and loads were computed using the EGRET Confidence Intervals (EGRETci) R package (Hirsch and others, 2015).

The datasets provided here are the output from the Seasonal Kendall Trend (SKT) test and Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) model that characterize changes in water quality in rivers and streams across the Delaware River Basin. SKT results are compiled in "skt_out.csv" for all combinations of site, water-quality parameter, and trend period. WRTDS results are compiled in four datasets. If unspecified, generalized flow normalization (GFN) results are reported. Stationary flow normalization (SFN) results are indicated in the datasets. "wrtds_out_annResults.csv" contains the annual estimates of mean concentration and load and GFN and SFN estimates by site and parameter for the entire calibration period. "wrtds_out_annResultsCIs.csv" gives confidence intervals for GFN annual estimates. "wrtds_out_bootOut.csv" gives the results of the bootstrap trend test by site, parameter, and trend period. "wrtds_out_pairsOut.csv" gives the trend component estimates (concentration-discharge trend component (CQCT, also referred to as the "management" trend component (MTC)) and discharge trend component (QTC)) and related information, by site, parameter, trend period, and estimate type (i.e. concentration or load). Finally, the "eList" for each WRTDS model (site-parameter combination) is available in the zipped folder. References Cited: Hirsch, R.M., and De Cicco, L.A., 2015, User guide to Exploration and Graphics for RivEr Trends (EGRET) and dataRetrieval: R packages for hydrologic data (version 2.0, February 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods book 4, chap. A10, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm4A10.

The datasets provided here are the output from the Seasonal Kendall Trend (SKT) test and Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) model that characterize changes in water quality in rivers and streams across the Delaware River Basin. SKT results are compiled in "skt_out.csv" for all combinations of site, water-quality parameter, and trend period. WRTDS results are compiled in four datasets. If unspecified, generalized flow normalization (GFN) results are reported. Stationary flow normalization (SFN) results are indicated in the datasets. "wrtds_out_annResults.csv" contains the annual estimates of mean concentration and load and GFN and SFN estimates by site and parameter for the entire calibration period. "wrtds_out_annResultsCIs.csv" gives confidence intervals for GFN annual estimates. "wrtds_out_bootOut.csv" gives the results of the bootstrap trend test by site, parameter, and trend period. "wrtds_out_pairsOut.csv" gives the trend component estimates (concentration-discharge trend component (CQCT, also referred to as the "management" trend component (MTC)) and discharge trend component (QTC)) and related information, by site, parameter, trend period, and estimate type (i.e. concentration or load). Finally, the "eList" for each WRTDS model (site-parameter combination) is available in the zipped folder. References Cited: Hirsch, R.M., and De Cicco, L.A., 2015, User guide to Exploration and Graphics for RivEr Trends (EGRET) and dataRetrieval: R packages for hydrologic data (version 2.0, February 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods book 4, chap. A10, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm4A10.

This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Data Release provides discrete water-quality data collected from four sites on the Kansas River and four of its tributaries during July 2012 through September 2016. The water-quality constituents included in this data release are the cyanotoxins microcystin and cylindrospermopsin, the taste-and-odor compounds geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol, major ions, alkalinity, nutrients, suspended sediment, indicator bacteria, and actinomycetes bacteria.

The datasets provided here are the input data used to run the Seasonal Kendall Trend (SKT) tests and Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) models. SKT tests use "annualSamplingFreqs_allSites.csv" and "wqData_screenedSitesAll.csv" which includes, for all site-parameter combinations, information on annual sampling frequencies and the screened water-quality data, respectively. The WRTDS models use "DRB.wqdata.20200521.csv", "DRB.flow.20200610.zip", and "DRB.info.20200521.csv" for calibration which includes, for all site-parameter combinations, the water-quality data, streamflow data (as separate .csv files for each site), model specifications and site information, respectively. The multisource data used in these analyses are from Shoda and others (2019), which were originally retrieved from the Water Quality Portal (www.waterqualitydata.us). References Cited: Shoda, M.E., Murphy, J.C., Falcone, J.A., and Duris, J.W., 2019, Multisource surface-water-quality data and U.S. Geological Survey streamgage match for the Delaware River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PX8LZO. National Water Quality Monitoring Council, Water Quality Portal (WQP), https://www.waterqualitydata.us/. Accessed 2020-11-03.

The datasets provided here are the input data used to run the Seasonal Kendall Trend (SKT) tests and Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) models. SKT tests use "annualSamplingFreqs_allSites.csv" and "wqData_screenedSitesAll.csv" which includes, for all site-parameter combinations, information on annual sampling frequencies and the screened water-quality data, respectively. The WRTDS models use "DRB.wqdata.20200521.csv", "DRB.flow.20200610.zip", and "DRB.info.20200521.csv" for calibration which includes, for all site-parameter combinations, the water-quality data, streamflow data (as separate .csv files for each site), model specifications and site information, respectively. The multisource data used in these analyses are from Shoda and others (2019), which were originally retrieved from the Water Quality Portal (www.waterqualitydata.us). References Cited: Shoda, M.E., Murphy, J.C., Falcone, J.A., and Duris, J.W., 2019, Multisource surface-water-quality data and U.S. Geological Survey streamgage match for the Delaware River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PX8LZO. National Water Quality Monitoring Council, Water Quality Portal (WQP), https://www.waterqualitydata.us/. Accessed 2020-11-03.

In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a study of more than 50 major river basins across the Nation as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) project. One of the major goals of the NAWQA project was to determine how river water quality has changed over time. To support that goal, long-term consistent and comparable monitoring has been conducted by the USGS on streams and rivers throughout the Nation. Outside of the NAWQA project, the USGS and other Federal, State, and local agencies also have collected long-term water-quality data to support their own assessments of changing water quality. In 2017, data from these multiple sources were combined to support one of the most comprehensive assessments to date of water-quality trends in the United States (Oelsner and others, 2017; De Cicco and others, 2017). This data release updates these water quality trends, which ended in 2012, with 5 more years of data and now end in 2017. These datasets contain the output from the WRTDS trend models that characterize changes in water quality in rivers and streams across the Nation. The "compiledResults_final" folder contains 3 output tables: "allAnnualResults.csv", "bootOut.csv", and "parisOut.csv". "allAnnualResults.csv" contains several types of estimates of annual mean concentration and fluxes for the entire calibration period for each combination of site and parameter. These estimates include "true condition" estimates determined using the original implementation of WRTDS ("_orig" suffix). "true condition" estimates determined using WRTDS_K (i.e. using a Kalman filter: "_K" suffix), flow normalized (FN) trend estimates ("FN prefix"), lower and upper 90% confidence intervals of FN trend estimates ("FN" prefix with "Low" or "High" suffix), and FN trend estimates assuming a stationary flow regime ("SFN" suffix). Water quality changes were calculated for up to six trend periods (1972-2017, 1982-2017, 1992-2017, 2002-2017, and 2007-2017) per site and parameter. "bootOut.csv" gives the results of the bootstrap trend test, including uncertainty estimates, by site parameter and trend period. "pairsOut.csv" gives the trend component estimates (concentration-discharge trend component (CQCT), also referred to as the "management" trend component (MTC)) and discharge trend component (QTC) and related information, by site, parameter, trend period, and estimate type (i.e. concentration or flux). Finally, the "eList" for each WRTDS model (site-parameter combination) is available in the zipped folder according to whether the model was accepted or rejected; "outLists_accepted.zip" and "outLists_rejected.zip", respectively. The output tables in "compiledResults_final.zip" contain results only for models that had acceptable fits, as determined by an estimated probability of acceptance or by manual evaluation of residual and diagnostic plots. eLists are compiled according to whether the model was accepted or rejected.

In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a study of more than 50 major river basins across the Nation as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) project. One of the major goals of the NAWQA project was to determine how river water quality has changed over time. To support that goal, long-term consistent and comparable monitoring has been conducted by the USGS on streams and rivers throughout the Nation. Outside of the NAWQA project, the USGS and other Federal, State, and local agencies also have collected long-term water-quality data to support their own assessments of changing water quality. In 2017, data from these multiple sources were combined to support one of the most comprehensive assessments to date of water-quality trends in the United States (Oelsner and others., 2017; De Cicco and others, 2017). This data release updates these water quality trends, which ended in 2012, with 5 more years of data and now end in 2017. The three zipped folders below contain the input data used to calibrate the WRTDS trend models for three separate runs on the Yeti supercomputer. The initial run contained the majority of the screened sites and parameters and later runs included additional sites and reruns for sites with corrected data. The output from later runs always superseded earlier runs for any site-parameter combination that was run more than once. The data used in each run is contained in a zipped folder, each of which contains a "data" folder with 2 files and 1 folder with the same beginning part of the filename and same formatting. "WRTDS_2017data...csv" contains discrete water quality data. "WRTDS_2017info...csv" contains site information and model specifications. The folder "flowScaled" contains individual "Q_....csv" files of daily mean streamflow for each trend site. This metadata describes the format of those 3 objects within the zipped folders.

In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a study of more than 50 major river basins across the Nation as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) project. One of the major goals of the NAWQA project was to determine how river water quality has changed over time. To support that goal, long-term consistent and comparable monitoring has been conducted by the USGS on streams and rivers throughout the Nation. Outside of the NAWQA project, the USGS and other Federal, State, and local agencies also have collected long-term water-quality data to support their own assessments of changing water quality. In 2017, data from these multiple sources were combined to support one of the most comprehensive assessments to date of water-quality trends in the United States (Oelsner and others., 2017; De Cicco and others, 2017). This data release updates these water quality trends, which ended in 2012, with 5 more years of data and now end in 2017. The three zipped folders below contain the input data used to calibrate the WRTDS trend models for three separate runs on the Yeti supercomputer. The initial run contained the majority of the screened sites and parameters and later runs included additional sites and reruns for sites with corrected data. The output from later runs always superseded earlier runs for any site-parameter combination that was run more than once. The data used in each run is contained in a zipped folder, each of which contains a "data" folder with 2 files and 1 folder with the same beginning part of the filename and same formatting. "WRTDS_2017data...csv" contains discrete water quality data. "WRTDS_2017info...csv" contains site information and model specifications. The folder "flowScaled" contains individual "Q_....csv" files of daily mean streamflow for each trend site. This metadata describes the format of those 3 objects within the zipped folders.

This data release contains chemical and isotopic data used in an investigation of nitrate sources and transport in the Upper Illinois River basin. Samples (total = 445) include river water from the Upper Illinois River and its major tributaries plus urban wastewater and agricultural groundwater. Data include concentrations of nitrate, chloride, and sulfate; isotope ratios of N and O in nitrate; and isotope ratios of H and O in water.