This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Fire. The data include parameters of fire history|tree ring with a geographic location of California, United States Of America. The time period coverage is from 414 to -41 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.

Rainfall, volumetric soil-water content, video, and geophone data characterizing postfire rainfall and runoff were collected at two stations in the 2020 Calwood Fire Burn Area in Colorado. This release contains data from stations at two sites named Heil Ranch (40° 8' 43.47" N, 105° 20' 26.352" W) and Calwood (40° 9' 4.76" N, 105° 21' 20.79" W). The data presented here were collected from April 8, 2021, to November 7, 2023 at the Heil Ranch station, and from May 7, 2021, to October 3, 2022 at the Calwood station. Station names (Heil and Calwood) were used as a prefix for the data files. Each data type is described below. Raw Cumulative Data: Cumulative rainfall data, xxxxCumulativeRainfall.csv are contained in a comma separated value (CSV) file (here xxxx is replaced with either Heil or Calwood, depending on the station). The data are continuous and sampled at 1-minute intervals. The columns in the CSV file are TIMESTAMP[UTC], RainSlowInt (the depth of rain in each minute [mm]), CumulativeRainfall (cumulative rainfall since the beginning of the record [mm]), and VWC (volumetric water content [V/V]) at three depths below ground surface (1 = 10 cm, 2 = 30 cm, 3 = 50 cm). VWC values outside of the range of 0 to 0.5 represent sensor malfunctions and were replaced with -99999. Storm Record: We summarized the rainfall, volumetric soil-water content, and geophone data based on rainstorms. We defined a storm as rain for a duration greater than or equal to 5 minutes or with an accumulation greater than or equal to 2.54 mm until the last rain gauge tip followed by at least 8 hours without precipitation. Each storm was then assigned a storm ID starting at 0. The storm record data, xxxxStormRecord.csv (where xxxx is replaced with either Heil or Calwood, depending on the station), provides peak rainfall intensities and times and volumetric soil-water content information for each storm. The columns from left to right provide the information as follows: ID, StormStart [yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss-tz] ([UTC], timestamp when at least 0.2mm of rain is detected), StormStop [yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss-tz] ([UTC], timestamp of last rain gauge tip followed by at least 8 hours without precipitation), StormDepth [mm] (the amount of rain that fell in the storm), StormDuration [h] (length of storm), I -5 [mm h-1] (peak 5- minute rainfall intensity), I-10 [mm h-1] (peak 10-minute rainfall intensity), I-15 [mm h-1] (peak 15- minute rainfall intensity), I-30 [mm h-1] (peak 30-minute rainfall intensity during the storm), I-60 [mm h-1] (peak 60-minute rainfall intensity), I-5 time [yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss-tz] (the time of the peak 5-minute rainfall intensity), I-10 time yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss-tz] (the time of the peak 10-minute rainfall intensity), I-15 time [yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss-tz] (the time of the peak 15-minute rainfall intensity), I-30 time [yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss-tz] ] (the time of the peak 30-minute rainfall intensity), I-60 time [yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss-tz] (the time of the peak 60-minute rainfall intensity), VWC (volumetric water content at three depths below ground surface (1 = 10 cm, 2 = 30 cm, 3 = 50 cm) at the start of the storm, the time of the peak 15-minute rainfall intensity, and the end of the storm [V/V]). Geophone Data: Geophone data, xxxxGeophoneData.zip, are contained in comma separated value (CSV) files (here xxxx is replaced with either Heil or Calwood, depending on the station). The geophone data are labeled by the corresponding storm ID in the storm record and labeled IDa and IDb if the geophone stopped recording for more than an hour during the storm. The two geophones sampled at 50 Hz, one upstream and one downstream, and were placed 16 m apart at the Heil station and 14.9 m apart at the Calwood station. Geophones were triggered to record when 1.6 mm of rain was detected during a period of 10 minutes, and they continued to record for 30 minutes past the last timestamp when this criteria was met. The columns in each CSV file are TIMESTAMP [UTC], GeophoneUp_mV

This part of the data release is a spreadsheet including radiocarbon sample information and calibrated ages of sediment cores collected in 2014 from the northern flank of Monterey Canyon, offshore California. It is one of five files in this U.S. Geological Survey data release that include data from a set of sediment cores acquired from the continental slope, north of Monterey Canyon, offshore central California. Vibracores and push cores were collected with the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute’s (MBARI’s) remotely operated vehicle (ROV) Doc Ricketts in 2014 (USGS cruise ID 2014-615-FA). One spreadsheet (NorthernFlankMontereyCanyonCores_Info.xlsx) contains core name, location, and length. One spreadsheet (NorthernFlankMontereyCanyonCores_MSCLdata.xlsx) contains Multi-Sensor Core Logger P-wave velocity and gamma-ray density whole-core logs of vibracores. One zipped folder of .bmp files (NorthernFlankMontereyCanyonCores_Photos.zip) contains continuous core photographs of the archive half of each vibracore. One spreadsheet (NorthernFlankMontereyCanyonCores_Radiocarbon.xlsx) contains radiocarbon sample information, results, and calibrated ages. One .pdf file (NorthernFlankMontereyCanyonCores_Figures.pdf) contains combined displays of data for each vibracore, including graphic diagram descriptive logs. This particular metadata file describes the information contained in the file NorthernFlankMontereyCanyonCores_Radiocarbon.xlsx. All vibracores are archived by the U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center. Other remaining core material, if available, is archived at MBARI.

This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Fire. The data include parameters of fire history|tree ring with a geographic location of California, United States Of America. The time period coverage is from 475 to -44 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.

This is an updated version of the previously posted geospatial dataset of fire occurrence history within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Fire perimeters and point locations were taken directly from GPS field data when available, but this type of data is only available for the recent history during which GPS units were used by park officials. Otherwise, perimeters and points were digitized directly from the best sources available. In some cases these sources were hand-drawn maps, some were drawn on USGS topographic maps, and some were described through fire reporting narratives only. For the years 1942-present, the federal Wildland Fire Management Information (WFMI) list of fire occurrences for Great Smoky Mountains NP was consulted to provide fire locations and information. This list is updated annually by park fire officials and subsequently by the National Wildfire Coordination Group. It includes information related to the location, size, cost, fuels, and other pertinent information related to fires within the park's boundary. Additionally, park archives were consulted for a complete list of fire occurrences prior to 1942. Records for fires during the years of 1953-1959 have been lost or are otherwise not available. Perimeters corresponding to events from those years are generalized from a single list found in the park library. Some GIS data were taken from a 2003 fire mapping project by Lincoln Memorial University, and these fire perimeters were digitized directly from Mark Harmon's 1979 fire inventory. An accuracy assessment was performed on these and found the LMU data to be consistent with Harmon's maps, which were drawn by hand on USGS 7.5' quad maps.

This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Fire. The data include parameters of fire history|tree ring with a geographic location of California, United States Of America. The time period coverage is from 511 to 95 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.

This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Fire. The data include parameters of fire history|tree ring with a geographic location of Colorado, United States Of America. The time period coverage is from 337 to -45 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.

This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Fire. The data include parameters of fire history with a geographic location of Colorado, United States Of America. The time period coverage is from 450 to -52 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.

This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Fire. The data include parameters of fire history|tree ring with a geographic location of California, United States Of America. The time period coverage is from 265 to -44 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.

This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Fire. The data include parameters of fire history|tree ring with a geographic location of New Mexico, United States Of America. The time period coverage is from 325 to -45 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.