Oral sylvatic plague vaccine baits (SPV) and placebo baits were distributed once annually from 2013-2016 on treated and non-treated paired plots from 2013-2016. Black-tailed prairie dogs (BTPD) were live-trapped and permanently marked with passive integrated transponders and ear tags on 4 pairs of plots each year from 2013-2017 to provide capture/recapture data for use in estimating BTPD survival. The first data set (CMR_SPV_RAW_CAPTURE_DATA.csv) lists all captures and associated covariates with each line representing data from a single prairie dog. The second data set (CMR_BTPD_WEIGHTS.csv) lists the weight and associated information for each prairie dog at each handling. The third data set (CMR_FLEAS_BY_HOST.csv) lists the number of fleas collected from each prairie dog at each handling. Funding was provided through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, multiple USGS sources, grants from the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks and World Wildlife Fund.

Oral sylvatic plague vaccine baits (SPV) and placebo baits, each containing Rhodamine B dye biomarker, were distributed once annually from 2013-2016 on treated and non-treated paired plots from 2013-2016. Black-tailed prairie dogs (BTPD) were live-trapped and permanently marked with passive integrated transponders and ear tags on 4 pairs of plots each year from 2013-2017 to provide capture/recapture data. Capture locations were recorded using global positioning systems. Hair and whisker samples were pulled from each prairie dog to assess bait uptake (i.e. consumption) using a florescent microscope to inspect the samples for Rhodamine B florescence. The first data set (CMR_MOVEMENT_DATA.csv) lists distances (meters) between capture locations from a single prairie dog within a given year, with the data limited to prairie dogs with 2 or more capture locations (one distance measurement per pair of 2 locations per year). The second data set (CMR_BAIT_UPTAKE.csv) lists bait uptake outcomes for individual prairie dogs each year. Funding was provided through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, multiple USGS sources, grants from the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks and World Wildlife Fund.

Oral sylvatic plague vaccine baits (SPV) and placebo baits, each containing Rhodamine B dye biomarker, were distributed once annually from 2013-2016 on treated and non-treated paired plots from 2013-2016. Black-tailed prairie dogs (BTPD) were live-trapped and permanently marked with passive integrated transponders and ear tags on 4 pairs of plots each year from 2013-2017 to provide capture/recapture data. Capture locations were recorded using global positioning systems. Hair and whisker samples were pulled from each prairie dog to assess bait uptake (i.e. consumption) using a florescent microscope to inspect the samples for Rhodamine B florescence. The first data set (CMR_MOVEMENT_DATA.csv) lists distances (meters) between capture locations from a single prairie dog within a given year, with the data limited to prairie dogs with 2 or more capture locations (one distance measurement per pair of 2 locations per year). The second data set (CMR_BAIT_UPTAKE.csv) lists bait uptake outcomes for individual prairie dogs each year. Funding was provided through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, multiple USGS sources, grants from the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks and World Wildlife Fund.

We studied black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) on the Conata Basin, Buffalo Gap National Grassland, South Dakota, USA, 2007-2009. We live-trapped and sampled prairie dogs in 2007 (before known invasion of the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis), 2008 (the year of confirmed invasion), and 2009 (after invasion). Sampling was completed on three 9-ha plots treated annually with deltamethrin dust for flea (Y. pestis-vector) control and three 9-ha plots lacking flea control (non-dusted) as baselines. Each live-trapped prairie dog was marked with ear tags for permanent identification and tracking of survival. If a marked prairie dog was recaptured and identified (via ear tags) the following year, the prairie dog was classifed as a surviving individual (commonly referred to as "apparent" survival). If a marked prairie dog was not recaptured the following year, the prairie dog was classified as a non-surviving individual. In 2007 and 2008, approximately half the adult prairie dogs live-trapped were injected subcutaneously with either an experimental F1-V fusion plague vaccine or placebo formulation; the remaining adult prairie dogs and all juveniles were not inoculated. In 2007 and 2008, we anesthetized subsets of prairie dogs on the dusted and non-dusted plots with isoflurane and combed them with a fine-tooth comb for 30 seconds to remove and count fleas. We analyzed subsets of data to evaluate (1) effects of vaccination (vaccine/placebo) and deltamethrin dust (dusted/non-dusted) on adult prairie dog survival for individuals injected with vaccine or placebo, (2) effects of vaccination on adult prairie dog survival on the plots treated with deltamethrin dusting specifically, and (3) effects of deltamethrin dust on non-injected adult and juvenile prairie dog survival. The data file is named Prairie_Dog_F1-V_Vaccine_DeltaDust_Data.xlsx. The first sheet (AdultsVxPcbDust01-2007-2008) includes data on adult prairie dog annual survival, 2007-2008, for individuals injected with vaccine or placebo on the dusted and non-dusted plots. Each line of data is for an individual prairie dog. Variables include Interval (2007-2008), Injection (Vaccine or Placebo), DeltaDust (1=dusted, 0=non-dusted), Age (prairie dog age, adult), Sex (prairie dog sex, female or male), and SurviveInterval (a binomial variable for whether or not the prairie dog survived the 2007-2008 interval). The second sheet (AdultsVxPcbDusted-2007-2009) includes data on adult prairie dog annual survival for individuals injected with vaccine or placebo on the dusted plots only, 2007-2009. Each line of data is for an individual prairie dog. Variables include Interval (2007-2008, 2008-2009), Injection (Vaccine or Placebo), DeltaDust (1=dusted), Age (prairie dog age, adult), Sex (prairie dog sex, female or male), and SurviveInterval (a binomial variable for whether or not the prairie dog survived the 2007-2008 and/or 2008-2009 intervals). The third sheet (NoInjectionDust01-2007-2008) includes data on non-injected adult and juvenile prairie dog annual survival on the dusted and non-dusted plots, 2007-2008. Each line of data is for an individual prairie dog. Variables include Interval (2007-2008), Injection (None), DeltaDust (1=dusted, 0 = non-dusted), Age (prairie dog age, adult or juvenile), Sex (prairie dog sex, female or male), and SurviveInterval (a binomial variable for whether or not the prairie dog survived the 2007-2008 interval). The fourth and final sheet (FleasDust01-2007-2008) includes data on prairie dog flea parasitism on the dusted and non-dusted plots, 2007-2008. Each line of data is for an individual prairie dog. Variables include Year (2007 or 2008), JulianDay (Julian day of year), DeltaDust (1=dusted, 0 = non-dusted), Age (prairie dog age, adult or juvenile), Sex (prairie dog sex, female or male), and Fleas (the number of fleas detected on the individual prairie dog).

We studied black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) on the Conata Basin, Buffalo Gap National Grassland, South Dakota, USA, 2007-2009. We live-trapped and sampled prairie dogs in 2007 (before known invasion of the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis), 2008 (the year of confirmed invasion), and 2009 (after invasion). Sampling was completed on three 9-ha plots treated annually with deltamethrin dust for flea (Y. pestis-vector) control and three 9-ha plots lacking flea control (non-dusted) as baselines. Each live-trapped prairie dog was marked with ear tags for permanent identification and tracking of survival. If a marked prairie dog was recaptured and identified (via ear tags) the following year, the prairie dog was classifed as a surviving individual (commonly referred to as "apparent" survival). If a marked prairie dog was not recaptured the following year, the prairie dog was classified as a non-surviving individual. In 2007 and 2008, approximately half the adult prairie dogs live-trapped were injected subcutaneously with either an experimental F1-V fusion plague vaccine or placebo formulation; the remaining adult prairie dogs and all juveniles were not inoculated. In 2007 and 2008, we anesthetized subsets of prairie dogs on the dusted and non-dusted plots with isoflurane and combed them with a fine-tooth comb for 30 seconds to remove and count fleas. We analyzed subsets of data to evaluate (1) effects of vaccination (vaccine/placebo) and deltamethrin dust (dusted/non-dusted) on adult prairie dog survival for individuals injected with vaccine or placebo, (2) effects of vaccination on adult prairie dog survival on the plots treated with deltamethrin dusting specifically, and (3) effects of deltamethrin dust on non-injected adult and juvenile prairie dog survival. The data file is named Prairie_Dog_F1-V_Vaccine_DeltaDust_Data.xlsx. The first sheet (AdultsVxPcbDust01-2007-2008) includes data on adult prairie dog annual survival, 2007-2008, for individuals injected with vaccine or placebo on the dusted and non-dusted plots. Each line of data is for an individual prairie dog. Variables include Interval (2007-2008), Injection (Vaccine or Placebo), DeltaDust (1=dusted, 0=non-dusted), Age (prairie dog age, adult), Sex (prairie dog sex, female or male), and SurviveInterval (a binomial variable for whether or not the prairie dog survived the 2007-2008 interval). The second sheet (AdultsVxPcbDusted-2007-2009) includes data on adult prairie dog annual survival for individuals injected with vaccine or placebo on the dusted plots only, 2007-2009. Each line of data is for an individual prairie dog. Variables include Interval (2007-2008, 2008-2009), Injection (Vaccine or Placebo), DeltaDust (1=dusted), Age (prairie dog age, adult), Sex (prairie dog sex, female or male), and SurviveInterval (a binomial variable for whether or not the prairie dog survived the 2007-2008 and/or 2008-2009 intervals). The third sheet (NoInjectionDust01-2007-2008) includes data on non-injected adult and juvenile prairie dog annual survival on the dusted and non-dusted plots, 2007-2008. Each line of data is for an individual prairie dog. Variables include Interval (2007-2008), Injection (None), DeltaDust (1=dusted, 0 = non-dusted), Age (prairie dog age, adult or juvenile), Sex (prairie dog sex, female or male), and SurviveInterval (a binomial variable for whether or not the prairie dog survived the 2007-2008 interval). The fourth and final sheet (FleasDust01-2007-2008) includes data on prairie dog flea parasitism on the dusted and non-dusted plots, 2007-2008. Each line of data is for an individual prairie dog. Variables include Year (2007 or 2008), JulianDay (Julian day of year), DeltaDust (1=dusted, 0 = non-dusted), Age (prairie dog age, adult or juvenile), Sex (prairie dog sex, female or male), and Fleas (the number of fleas detected on the individual prairie dog).

We live-trapped and sampled black-tailed prairie dogs in Badlands National Park and Buffalo Gap National Grassland, South Dakota, 2017-2020. Sampling occurred on sites treated with 0.005% fipronil grain for flea control and plague mitigation, and non-treated sites functioning as experimental baselines. Prairie dogs were trapped, sexed, aged (adult or juvenile by size), weighed to the nearest 5 grams, and marked with ear tags for permanent identification. The length of each prairie dog's right hind foot was measured to the nearest millimeter, and the animal's body condition was indexed as a mass:foot ratio. We evaluated effects of fipronil grain on prairie dog body condition, monthly and annual survival, and reproduction. The first data set (Fipronil 2017 Body Condition.csv) includes information from a before-after-control-impact (BACI) experiment on fipronil grain and prairie dog body condition in 2017. The second data set (Fipronil 2018 Body Condition.csv) includes similar information from a BACI experiment in 2018. The third data set (Fipronil 2018 Monthly Survival.csv) includes information from an experiment on fipronil grain and individual prairie dog monthly survival in 2018. The fourth data set (Fipronil 2018-2019 Annual Survival.csv) includes information from an experiment on fipronil grain and individual prairie dog annual survival from 2018-2019. The fifth data set (Fipronil 2020 Reproduction.csv) includes information from an experiment on fipronil grain and prairie dog reproduction in 2020. Funding and logistical support were provided by the National Park Service; US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey; Prairie Wildlife Research; US Forest Service; Colorado State University; World Wildlife Fund; and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation.

We live-trapped and sampled black-tailed prairie dogs in Badlands National Park and Buffalo Gap National Grassland, South Dakota, 2017-2020. Sampling occurred on sites treated with 0.005% fipronil grain for flea control and plague mitigation, and non-treated sites functioning as experimental baselines. Prairie dogs were trapped, sexed, aged (adult or juvenile by size), weighed to the nearest 5 grams, and marked with ear tags for permanent identification. The length of each prairie dog's right hind foot was measured to the nearest millimeter, and the animal's body condition was indexed as a mass:foot ratio. We evaluated effects of fipronil grain on prairie dog body condition, monthly and annual survival, and reproduction. The first data set (Fipronil 2017 Body Condition.csv) includes information from a before-after-control-impact (BACI) experiment on fipronil grain and prairie dog body condition in 2017. The second data set (Fipronil 2018 Body Condition.csv) includes similar information from a BACI experiment in 2018. The third data set (Fipronil 2018 Monthly Survival.csv) includes information from an experiment on fipronil grain and individual prairie dog monthly survival in 2018. The fourth data set (Fipronil 2018-2019 Annual Survival.csv) includes information from an experiment on fipronil grain and individual prairie dog annual survival from 2018-2019. The fifth data set (Fipronil 2020 Reproduction.csv) includes information from an experiment on fipronil grain and prairie dog reproduction in 2020. Funding and logistical support were provided by the National Park Service; US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey; Prairie Wildlife Research; US Forest Service; Colorado State University; World Wildlife Fund; and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation.

Data on the occurrence of plague epizootics in colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs, Pawnee National Grassland, Colorado 1982-2005. Data are derived from annual prairie dog surveys conducted by staff of the Pawnee National Grassland, U.S. Forest Service. The data includes information on the year of sampling, colony identification, UTM coordinates of colony centroids, weather (precipitation and temperature), colony area, soil moisture-holding capacity, connectivity among colonies, and the occurrence of plague epizootics. Data provided by M.F. Antolin and L.T. Savage, Colorado State University, supported by the National Science Foundation (DEB-9616044, DEB-0217631, DEB-0823405, EF-0327052), the U.S. Forest Service, Pawnee National Grassland, U.S. Agricultural Research Service, Central Plains Experimental Range.

Data on the occurrence of plague epizootics in colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs, Pawnee National Grassland, Colorado 1982-2005. Data are derived from annual prairie dog surveys conducted by staff of the Pawnee National Grassland, U.S. Forest Service. The data includes information on the year of sampling, colony identification, UTM coordinates of colony centroids, weather (precipitation and temperature), colony area, soil moisture-holding capacity, connectivity among colonies, and the occurrence of plague epizootics. Data provided by M.F. Antolin and L.T. Savage, Colorado State University, supported by the National Science Foundation (DEB-9616044, DEB-0217631, DEB-0823405, EF-0327052), the U.S. Forest Service, Pawnee National Grassland, U.S. Agricultural Research Service, Central Plains Experimental Range.