This data release contains geophysical data collected at the Little Wind River site near Riverton, Wyoming in 2015 and 2017. The dataset contains:[1] Fiber Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing data (FO-DTS, August-September 2015) collected in the water along the river bank, [2] Electrical Resistivity Tomography data (ERT, August 2017) collected on land near the river bank, and [3] Frequency domain Electromagnetic Induction (EMI, August 2017) data collected along the river and more extensively throughout the study region. Data for each of these methods can be found in the child items linked below.

The electrical conductivity of the earth is used to help infer lithological and pore fluid properties. Various geophysical methods can provide estimates of the distribution of below ground electrical conductivity, with each method having certain limitations. This data release presents raw and processed results from land-based and water-based frequency domain electromagnetic induction (EMI) data collected from August 23, 2017 to August 28, 2017. The raw data consist of .csv files from the Geophex GEM-2 unit. Data were primarily collected by walking with the instrument at approximately 1 m off the ground in horizontal coplanar (ski flat) mode. A survey along a section of the Little Wind River in a kayak (with about 0.3 m of elevation above the water surface) was also collected.

The electrical conductivity of the earth is used to help infer lithological and pore fluid properties. Various geophysical methods can provide estimates of the distribution of below ground electrical conductivity, with each method having certain limitations. This data release presents raw and processed results from land-based and water-based frequency domain electromagnetic induction (EMI) data collected from August 23, 2017 to August 28, 2017. The raw data consist of .csv files from the Geophex GEM-2 unit. Data were primarily collected by walking with the instrument at approximately 1 m off the ground in horizontal coplanar (ski flat) mode. A survey along a section of the Little Wind River in a kayak (with about 0.3 m of elevation above the water surface) was also collected.

The U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the Department of Energy, University of Montana, Northern Arapaho Tribe, and Liverpool John Moores University, is studying the interaction of a contaminated groundwater plume enriched in uranium and other trace elements with water, sediment, and biota along a 3 km reach of the Little Wind River in central Wyoming. The source of the contaminants is from a reclaimed uranium mill site near Riverton, Wyoming. This Data Release makes available data collected from June to September, 2016 and August to September, 2017. Data collected during these time periods include: (1) radon, major-ion, and trace-element concentrations in surface-water, groundwater, and pore-water samples; (2) environmental tracers in groundwater and surface-water samples; (3) seepage rates of shallow groundwater into the Little Wind River; (4) streambed temperature; (5) distribution of uranium in bed sediment, macroalgae, and aquatic insect taxa; (6) river discharge at three sites along the study reach, (7) major-ion and trace-element concentrations in shallow sediment cores collected from the streambed; (8) periphyton biomass accrual on ceramic plates during a 2-week deployment period; and (9) uranium and molybdenum concentration in periphyton samples collected from sites within the study reach.

The U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the Department of Energy, University of Montana, Northern Arapaho Tribe, and Liverpool John Moores University, is studying the interaction of a contaminated groundwater plume enriched in uranium and other trace elements with water, sediment, and biota along a 3 km reach of the Little Wind River in central Wyoming. The source of the contaminants is from a reclaimed uranium mill site near Riverton, Wyoming. This Data Release makes available data collected from June to September, 2016 and August to September, 2017. Data collected during these time periods include: (1) radon, major-ion, and trace-element concentrations in surface-water, groundwater, and pore-water samples; (2) environmental tracers in groundwater and surface-water samples; (3) seepage rates of shallow groundwater into the Little Wind River; (4) streambed temperature; (5) distribution of uranium in bed sediment, macroalgae, and aquatic insect taxa; (6) river discharge at three sites along the study reach, (7) major-ion and trace-element concentrations in shallow sediment cores collected from the streambed; (8) periphyton biomass accrual on ceramic plates during a 2-week deployment period; and (9) uranium and molybdenum concentration in periphyton samples collected from sites within the study reach.

The electrical conductivity of the earth is used to help infer lithological and pore fluid properties. Various geophysical methods can provide estimates of the distribution of below ground electrical conductivity, with each method having certain limitations. This data release presents raw and processed results from 9 electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) transects collected from August 24, 2017 to August 28, 2017. The raw data include instrument files from the AGI SuperSting R8 unit (.stg and .crs fils) as well as some electrode positions from those lines recorded with a handheld GPS to help georeferenced the lines. Processed data include data that has been combined (where appropriate), filtered, and converted to a format suitable for inversion with the included R2 v. 3.1 program (Andrew Binley, Lancaster University). Visualization toolkit (.vtk) files of the inverted electrical conductivity are included that have been georeferenced to UTM zone 12T coordinates with elevations in reference to mean sea level. These files are suitable for viewing with Paraview software.

The electrical conductivity of the earth is used to help infer lithological and pore fluid properties. Various geophysical methods can provide estimates of the distribution of below ground electrical conductivity, with each method having certain limitations. This data release presents raw and processed results from 9 electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) transects collected from August 24, 2017 to August 28, 2017. The raw data include instrument files from the AGI SuperSting R8 unit (.stg and .crs fils) as well as some electrode positions from those lines recorded with a handheld GPS to help georeferenced the lines. Processed data include data that has been combined (where appropriate), filtered, and converted to a format suitable for inversion with the included R2 v. 3.1 program (Andrew Binley, Lancaster University). Visualization toolkit (.vtk) files of the inverted electrical conductivity are included that have been georeferenced to UTM zone 12T coordinates with elevations in reference to mean sea level. These files are suitable for viewing with Paraview software.

Natural heat is used as a tracer for a variety of physical hydrogeological process, including zones of preferential exchange between groundwater and surface water. Several types of instruments are used to measure the temperature of surface water and saturated sediments. This data release presents the results of fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) using temperature sensitive armored cables deployed along the riverbed interface. Data were collected over time (08/06/2015 to 09/24/2015) at 1.01 m spatial resolution along a reach of the Little Wind River, WY, USA. This study reach included an upstream shallow side channel where the cable was exposed to air over several short segments, and a downstream deeper section where the cable was generally installed within 5 m of the bank. The FO-DTS system was setup to collect a temperature measurement along this cable every 40 min; however, solar power to the control unit failed intermittently during the deployment period, especially later in the record, so the data are of inconsistent timestep. The processed data included in this release have been clipped to a cable length and time period of specific interest, as described in the local readme files.

Natural heat is used as a tracer for a variety of physical hydrogeological process, including zones of preferential exchange between groundwater and surface water. Several types of instruments are used to measure the temperature of surface water and saturated sediments. This data release presents the results of fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) using temperature sensitive armored cables deployed along the riverbed interface. Data were collected over time (08/06/2015 to 09/24/2015) at 1.01 m spatial resolution along a reach of the Little Wind River, WY, USA. This study reach included an upstream shallow side channel where the cable was exposed to air over several short segments, and a downstream deeper section where the cable was generally installed within 5 m of the bank. The FO-DTS system was setup to collect a temperature measurement along this cable every 40 min; however, solar power to the control unit failed intermittently during the deployment period, especially later in the record, so the data are of inconsistent timestep. The processed data included in this release have been clipped to a cable length and time period of specific interest, as described in the local readme files.

Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) and magnetic survey data were collected during November and December 2016 along 4,212 line-kilometers over Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. The survey was conducted as part of a study of the subsurface geologic structure and geothermal and groundwater resources of Yellowstone National Park. The survey was designed to image the subsurface plumbing of Yellowstone's myriad thermal features by constraining the geometry of the major hydrostratigraphic contacts and mapping regional-scale geologic structures. Data were acquired by SkyTEM ApS with the SkyTEM 312M time-domain helicopter-borne electromagnetic system together with a Geometrics G822A cesium vapor magnetometer. The survey was flown along six block-style line groups with a nominal line spacing of 450 meters (m), one block-style line group with a nominal line spacing of 250 m, two block-style line groups with a nominal line spacing of 150 m, and a series of regional reconnaissance lines with 5 kilometer (km) nominal line spacing. Due to terrain complexity, the mean flight height was about 48 m. The AEM depth of investigation varies considerably with subsurface resistivity; however, the maximum depth of investigation is about 700 m. This data release includes manually processed AEM data from production flights and inverted models. A shapefile of the AEM flightlines and minimally processed (raw) AEM data supplied by SkyTem Aps are available at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MCJ9B6.