This file contains the data on apoptosis, neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis and proliferation. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Harrill, J., T. Freudenrich, K. Wallace, K. Ball, T. Shafer, and W. Mundy. Testing for developmental neurotoxicity using a battery of in vitro assays for key cellular events in neurodevelopment. TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY. Academic Press Incorporated, Orlando, FL, USA, 354(1): 24-39, (2018).

Files associated with the manuscript: Proteome profiling of rat brain cortical changes during early postnatal brain development. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Winnik, W., W. Padgett, E. Pitzer, and D. Herr. Proteome profiling of rat brain cortical changes during early postnatal brain development. Journal of Proteome Research. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, USA, 22(7): 2460-2476, (2023).

This dataset contains all underlying data used to generate the figures contained in Gaballah et al. Evaluation of developmental toxicity, developmental neurotoxicity, and tissue dose in zebrafish exposed to GenX and other PFAS. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Gaballah, S., A. Swank, X.M. Howey, J. Sobus, J. Schmid, T. Catron, J. McCord, E. Hines, and M. Strynar. Evaluation of developmental toxicity, developmental neurotoxicity, and tissue dose in zebrafish exposed to GenX and other PFAS. NA. NA (ed.), ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA, 128(4): 047005-1 - 047005-22, (2020).

A database of embryo-fetal developmental toxicity (EFDT) studies of 379 pharmaceutical compounds in rat and rabbit. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: this paper uses EPA public data to build new datasets and analysis by non-EPA authors. It can be accessed through the following means: EPA data is publicly accessible. Format: N/A. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Theunissen, P., S. Beken, B. Beyer, W. Breslin, G.D. Cappon, C. Chen, G. Chmielewski, L. De Schaepdrijver, B. Enright, J. Foreman, W. Harrouk, K. Hew, A. Hoberman, J. Hui, T. Knudsen , S. Laffan, S. Makris , and M. Martin. (Crit. Rev. Tox.) Comparing rat and rabbit embryo-fetal developmental toxicity studies for 379 pharmaceuticals: On systemic dose and developmental effects. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL, USA, 1-13, (2016).

To further development of our gene expression approach to biodosimetry we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling as a discovery platform to identify genes with the potential to distinguish radiation dose across an exposure range relevant for medical decision-making in a radiological emergency. Human peripheral blood from healthy donors was irradiated ex vivo and a 74-gene consensus signature was identified that distinguished between four radiation doses (0.5 2 5 and 8 Gy) and control samples. The same set of genes separated samples by exposure level at both six and 24 hours after treatment with overlap evident only at the highest two doses (5 and 8 Gy). Expression of five genes (CDKN1A FDXR SESN1 BBC3 and PHPT1) from this signature was quantified in the same RNA samples by real-time PCR confirming low variability between donors as well as the predicted radiation response pattern. Experiment Overall Design: Radiation induced gene expression in human blood was measured at 6 and 24 hours after exposure to doses of 0 0.5 2 5 and 8 Gy g-rays. Five independent experiments were performed at each time (6 or 24 hours) using different donors for each experiment

To further development of our gene expression approach to biodosimetry we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling as a discovery platform to identify genes with the potential to distinguish radiation dose across an exposure range relevant for medical decision-making in a radiological emergency. Human peripheral blood from healthy donors was irradiated ex vivo and a 74-gene consensus signature was identified that distinguished between four radiation doses (0.5 2 5 and 8 Gy) and control samples. The same set of genes separated samples by exposure level at both six and 24 hours after treatment with overlap evident only at the highest two doses (5 and 8 Gy). Expression of five genes (CDKN1A FDXR SESN1 BBC3 and PHPT1) from this signature was quantified in the same RNA samples by real-time PCR confirming low variability between donors as well as the predicted radiation response pattern. Experiment Overall Design: Radiation induced gene expression in human blood was measured at 6 and 24 hours after exposure to doses of 0 0.5 2 5 and 8 Gy g-rays. Five independent experiments were performed at each time (6 or 24 hours) using different donors for each experiment

Contains values from pbpk models for each study on n-butanol effects. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Segal, D., A. Bale, L. Phillips, A. Sasso, P. Schlosser, C. Starkey, and S. Makris. Issues in Assessing the Health Risks of n-Butanol. JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Indianapolis, IN, USA, 40(1): 72-86, (2020).

Background: Classic methods of identifying genes involved in neural function include the laborious process of behavioral screening of mutagenized flies and then rescreening candidate lines for pleiotropic effects due to developmental defects. To accelerate the molecular analysis of brain function in Drosophila we constructed a cDNA library exclusively from adult brains. Our goal was to begin to develop a catalog of transcripts expressed in the brain. These transcripts are expected to contain a higher proportion of clones that are involved in neuronal function. Results: The library contains approximately 6.75 million independent clones. From our initial characterization of 271 randomly chosen clones, we expect that approximately 11% of the clones in this library will identify transcribed sequences not found in expressed sequence tag databases. Furthermore, 15% of these 271 clones are not among the 13,601 predicted Drosophila genes. Conclusions: Our analysis of this unique Drosophila brain library suggests that the number of genes may be underestimated in this organism. This work complements the Drosophila genome project by providing information that facilitates more complete annotation of the genomic sequence. This library should be a useful resource that will help in determining how basic brain functions operate at the molecular level.

Background Chemical methods of transfection that have proven successful with cell lines often do not work with primary cultures of neurons. Recent data, however, suggest that linear polymers of the cation polyethyleneimine (PEI) can facilitate the uptake of nucleic acids by neurons. Consequently, we examined the ability of a commercial PEI preparation to allow the introduction of foreign genes into postmitotic mammalian neurons. Sympathetic neurons were obtained from perinatal rat pups and maintained for 5 days in vitro in the absence of nonneuronal cells. Cultures were then transfected with varying amounts of a plasmid encoding either E. coli β-galactosidase or enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) using PEI. Results Optimal transfection efficiency was observed with 1 μg/ml of plasmid DNA and 5 μg/ml PEI. Expression of β-galactosidase was both rapid and stable, beginning within 6 hours and lasting for at least 21 days. A maximum yield was obtained within 72 hours with ∼ 9% of the neurons expressing β-galactosidase, as assessed by both histochemistry and antibody staining. Cotransfection of two plasmids encoding reporter genes was achieved. Postmitotic neurons from adult human retinal cultures also demonstrated an ability to take up and express foreign DNA using PEI as a vector. Conclusions These data suggest that PEI is a useful agent for the stable expression of plasmid-encoded genes in neuronal cultures.

Changes in gravitational force such as that experienced by astronauts during space flight induce a redistribution of fluids from the caudad to the cephalad portion of the body together with an elimination of normal head-to-foot hydrostatic pressure gradients. To assess brain gene profile changes associated with microgravity and fluid shift a large-scale analysis of mRNA expression levels was performed in the brains of 2 weeks control and hindlimb-unloaded (HU) mice using cDNA microarrays. Although to different extent all functional categories displayed significantly regulated genes indicating that considerable transcriptomic alterations are induced by HU. Interestingly the TIC class (transport of small molecules and ions into the cells) had the highest percentage of up-regulated genes while the most down-regulated genes were those of the JAE class (Cell junction Adhesion Extracellular Matrix). TIC genes comprised 16% of those whose expression was altered including sodium channel nonvoltage-gated 1 beta (Scnn1b) glutamate receptor (Grin1) voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (Vdac1) calcium channel beta 3 subunit (Cacnb3) and others. The analysis performed by GeneMAPP revealed several altered protein classes and functional pathways such as blood coagulation and immune response learning and memory ion channels and cell junction. In particular data indicate that HU causes an alteration in hemostasis which resolves in a shift toward a more hyper-coagulative state with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Furthermore HU treatment seems to impact on key steps of synaptic plasticity and learning processes. We used brains of four control (C1 C2 C3 C4) and four tail-suspended hindlimb-unloaded (E1 E2 E3 E4) mice to ensure statistical relevance of the study. 60 ug of total RNA extracted in TRIzol from each brain was reversed transcribed into labeled cDNAs using fluorescent Cy5 or Cy3-dUTP (Amersham Biosciences NJ). Differently labeled cDNAs obtained from a pair of biological replicas were co-hybridized overnight at 50C with a microscope slide spotted with ~ 27,000 mouse cDNA sequences produced by the Microarray Core Facility of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the xef xbf xbdmultiple yellow xef xbf xbd design (i.e.: C1C2 C3C4 E1E2 E3E4) described in Iacobas DA Fan C Iacobas S et al. Transcriptomic changes in developing kidney exposed to chronic hypoxia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 349(1):329-38).