In 2016, a multidisciplinary team from the U.S. Geological Survey Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center, National Park Service, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Montana State University’s Department of Microbiology and Immunology in cooperation with the Teton Conservation District, initiated a small study to document the presence or absence of Naegleria fowleri at several hot springs in Grand Teton National Park/John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway. Over four sampling events in 2016-2017, Naegleria fowleri was detected in several of the Grand Teton National Park/John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway hot springs for the first time. Additionally, the team found that the prevalence of Naegleria fowleri may be subject to seasonal fluctuations.

In 2018 and 2019, a multidisciplinary team from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Park Service, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Montana State University’s Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and the Teton Conservation District, initiated a study to document the presence or absence of Naegleria fowleri, Giardia, Escherichia coli, and Cryptosporidium at several hot springs in Grand Teton National Park and John D. Rockefeller Jr. Memorial Parkway and Bridger-Teton National Forest, Yellowstone National Park, and Lake Mead National Recreation Area. This data release includes qPCR data from this investigation.

Non-biological data (habitat assessment, logger information, water quality data) for spring macroinvertebrate inventory sites at Shenandoah National Park. Dataset as delivered.

Field spectra were collected from the Snake River in Grand Teton National Park, WY, August 23, 2015, to support research on remote sensing of rivers. Reflectance measurements were made from a raft in the Swallow Bend reach of the Snake River using an Analytical Spectral Devices FieldSpec3 spectroradiometer operated in reflectance mode. The depth at each spectral measurement location was interpolated from field measurements of depth obtained with an acoustic Doppler current profiler. This data release provides both the reflectance spectra and the interpolated depths and can be used to develop relationships between depth and reflectance for mapping river bathymetry from field spectra or passive optical remotely sensed data.

Field spectra were collected from the Snake River in Grand Teton National Park, WY, August 23, 2015, to support research on remote sensing of rivers. Reflectance measurements were made from a raft in the Swallow Bend reach of the Snake River using an Analytical Spectral Devices FieldSpec3 spectroradiometer operated in reflectance mode. The depth at each spectral measurement location was interpolated from field measurements of depth obtained with an acoustic Doppler current profiler. This data release provides both the reflectance spectra and the interpolated depths and can be used to develop relationships between depth and reflectance for mapping river bathymetry from field spectra or passive optical remotely sensed data.

Procedures are from the NRSA Field Operations Manual 1. In situ Measure in situ DO, pH, water temperature, and conductivity using a calibrated multi-parameter water quality meter (or sonde). Take the measurements mid-channel at the X-site. Take the readings at 0.5 m depth. Measure the site depth accurately before taking the measurements. If the depth at the x-site is less than 1 meter, take the measurements at mid-depth. 2. Water Chemistry The water chemistry samples will be analyzed for total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), total ammonium(NH4), nitrate (NO3), basic anions, cations, total suspended solids (TSS),turbidity, acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), alkalinity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and total organic carbon (TOC). Using a 3 L Nalgene beaker, collect a grab sample into one 4L cube container (for water chemistry)and one 2L amber Nalgene bottle (for chlorophyll a from the X site at the midpoint of the stream. After collection, store all samples on ice in a closed cooler. Filter the chlorophyll-a sample, the filters must be kept frozen until ready to ship. 3. Benthic Macroinvertebrates Collect benthic macroinvertebrate composite sample using a D-frame net with 500 micron mesh openings. Individual samples will be collected from 11 transects equally distributed along the reach. Composite sample and preserve in 95% ethanol. 4. Periphyton Collect periphyton from the 11 cross transects established withing the sample reach. 5. Physical Habitat Field measurements for physical habitat are made at two scales of resolution along the mid-channel length of the reach, and the results are later aggregated and expressed for the entire reach. The protocol defines the length of each sampling reach proportional to stream channel wetted width and then systematically places measurements to statistically represent the entire reach. Measurements will consist of: Thalweg profile and large woody debris tally, Channel cross section and riparian cross section, channel constraint and torrent evidence, bank slope, canopy cover, instream fish cover, algea, aquatic macrophytes, human influence and stream discharge. 6. Fecal Indicator A fecal indicator sample at the last transect (Transect K) after all other sampling is completed. Filters will be frozen within six hours of collection. A pre-sterilized, 250 ml bottle will be used to collect the sample approximately 1 m off the bank at about 0.3 meter (12 inches) below the water. 7. Fish Assemblage The fish sampling method is designed to provide a representative sample of the fish community, collecting all but the rarest fish taxa inhabiting the site. It is intended to accurately represent species richness, species guilds, relative abundance, size and presence of anomalies. Fish will be collected using a backpack electrofisher and placed into an aerated container then sorted by species, recorded and returned to the stream. Any voucher specimens will be collected by photograph only.

This data package was created 2024-06-20 17:32:23 by NPSTORET and includes selected project, location, and result data. Data contained in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park NPSTORET back-end file (GRSM_NPSTORET_BE_20240510.ACCDB) were filtered to include: Organization: - GRSM: Great Smoky Mountains National Park Project: - GRSM_WQ: GRSM Parkwide Water Quality Survey Station: - Include Trip QC And All Station Visit Results Value Status: - Accepted or Certified (exported as Final) or Final The data package is organized into five data tables: - Projects.csv - describes the purpose and background of the monitoring efforts - Locations.csv - documents the attributes of the monitoring locations/stations - Results.csv - contains the field measurements, observations, and/or lab analyses for each sample/event/data grouping - HUC12.csv - enumerates the domain of allowed values for 12-digit hydrologic unit codes utilized by the Locations datatable - Characteristics.csv - enumerates the domain of characteristics available in NPSTORET to identify what was sampled, measured or observed in Results Period of record for filtered data is 1993-10-01 to 2023-11-20. This data package is a snapshot in time of one National Park Service project. The most current data for this project, which may be more or less extensive than that in this data package, can be found on the Water Quality Portal at: https://www.waterqualitydata.us/data/Result/search?project=GRSM_WQ

Gardner River near Mammoth (YGAR), Yellowstone National Park Sample Collection: Samples were collected four kilometers downstream from the USGS stream gage 06191000 (Latitude 45°01'2.4", Longitude 110°41'37.2" NAD83). At the time of collection, all waters samples were filtered through a syringe filter (0.45-micrometer). Two splits of the filtered water were retained for chemical analyses, including an unacidified (FU) sample for determination of anion concentrations and a nitric acid preserved (FA; 1% volume-to-volume concentrated trace-metal grade nitric acid) sample for cation and trace metal analyses. During sample collection, the water temperature, specific conductance, and pH were often measured. Sample Analyses: Concentrations of chloride, fluoride, bromide, and sulfate were determined with an ion chromatograph (Dionex ICS-2000). Analytical errors for these constituents were typically less than 2%. Total alkalinity as bicarbonate was determined on stored samples, usually within several months after collection. Ten milliliters of sample were titrated with 0.05 Normal sulfuric acid to the bicarbonate end-point. The analytical error in alkalinity concentrations was roughly ± 5%. Concentrations of cations and trace metals were determined with an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (Perkin Elmer Optima 7300 DV) following the methods described in Ball and others (2010). Database Contents The data file (YGAR.csv) contains the solute concentrations and the water discharge at the time of sampling for each of the rivers studied. The entries in the data file appear in the following columns: A. Date sample collected B. Time sample collected C. Water discharge (cubic feet per second) obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water Information System (NWIS) D. Water discharge (cubic meter per second) - obtained by multiplying column C by 0.02832 E. Chloride concentration (milligrams per liter) F. Fluoride concentration (milligrams per liter) G. Bromide concentration (milligrams per liter) H. Sulfate concentration (milligrams per liter) I. Alkalinity (milligrams per liter as bicarbonate) J. Chloride flux (grams/second) K. pH (standard units) L. Specific conductance (microSiemens per centimeter) M. Temperature (degrees Celsius) N. Calcium concentration (milligrams per liter) O. Magnesium concentration (milligrams per liter) P. Sodium concentration (milligrams per liter) Q. Potassium concentration (milligrams per liter) R. Iron concentration (milligrams per liter) S. Silica concentration (milligrams per liter) T. Boron concentration (milligrams per liter) U. Aluminum concentration (milligrams per liter) V. Lithium concentration (milligrams per liter) W. Strontium concentration (milligrams per liter) X. Barium concentration (milligrams per liter) Y. Rubidium concentration (milligrams per liter) Z. Manganese concentration (milligrams per liter) AA. Molybdenum concentration (milligrams per liter) AB. Copper concentration (milligrams per liter) AC. Zinc concentration (milligrams per liter) AD. Cadmium concentration (milligrams per liter) AE. Chromium concentration (milligrams per liter) AF. Cobalt concentration (milligrams per liter) AG. Lead concentration (milligrams per liter) AH. Nickel concentration (milligrams per liter) AI. Vanadium concentration (milligrams per liter) AJ. Arsenic concentration (milligrams per liter) AK. Antimony concentration (milligrams per liter) References Ball, J.W., McCleskey, R.B., and Nordstrom, D.K., 2010, Water-chemistry data for selected springs, geysers, and streams in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 2006-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1192, 109 p.

Gardner River near Mammoth (YGAR), Yellowstone National Park Sample Collection: Samples were collected four kilometers downstream from the USGS stream gage 06191000 (Latitude 45°01'2.4", Longitude 110°41'37.2" NAD83). At the time of collection, all waters samples were filtered through a syringe filter (0.45-micrometer). Two splits of the filtered water were retained for chemical analyses, including an unacidified (FU) sample for determination of anion concentrations and a nitric acid preserved (FA; 1% volume-to-volume concentrated trace-metal grade nitric acid) sample for cation and trace metal analyses. During sample collection, the water temperature, specific conductance, and pH were often measured. Sample Analyses: Concentrations of chloride, fluoride, bromide, and sulfate were determined with an ion chromatograph (Dionex ICS-2000). Analytical errors for these constituents were typically less than 2%. Total alkalinity as bicarbonate was determined on stored samples, usually within several months after collection. Ten milliliters of sample were titrated with 0.05 Normal sulfuric acid to the bicarbonate end-point. The analytical error in alkalinity concentrations was roughly ± 5%. Concentrations of cations and trace metals were determined with an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (Perkin Elmer Optima 7300 DV) following the methods described in Ball and others (2010). Database Contents The data file (YGAR.csv) contains the solute concentrations and the water discharge at the time of sampling for each of the rivers studied. The entries in the data file appear in the following columns: A. Date sample collected B. Time sample collected C. Water discharge (cubic feet per second) obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water Information System (NWIS) D. Water discharge (cubic meter per second) - obtained by multiplying column C by 0.02832 E. Chloride concentration (milligrams per liter) F. Fluoride concentration (milligrams per liter) G. Bromide concentration (milligrams per liter) H. Sulfate concentration (milligrams per liter) I. Alkalinity (milligrams per liter as bicarbonate) J. Chloride flux (grams/second) K. pH (standard units) L. Specific conductance (microSiemens per centimeter) M. Temperature (degrees Celsius) N. Calcium concentration (milligrams per liter) O. Magnesium concentration (milligrams per liter) P. Sodium concentration (milligrams per liter) Q. Potassium concentration (milligrams per liter) R. Iron concentration (milligrams per liter) S. Silica concentration (milligrams per liter) T. Boron concentration (milligrams per liter) U. Aluminum concentration (milligrams per liter) V. Lithium concentration (milligrams per liter) W. Strontium concentration (milligrams per liter) X. Barium concentration (milligrams per liter) Y. Rubidium concentration (milligrams per liter) Z. Manganese concentration (milligrams per liter) AA. Molybdenum concentration (milligrams per liter) AB. Copper concentration (milligrams per liter) AC. Zinc concentration (milligrams per liter) AD. Cadmium concentration (milligrams per liter) AE. Chromium concentration (milligrams per liter) AF. Cobalt concentration (milligrams per liter) AG. Lead concentration (milligrams per liter) AH. Nickel concentration (milligrams per liter) AI. Vanadium concentration (milligrams per liter) AJ. Arsenic concentration (milligrams per liter) AK. Antimony concentration (milligrams per liter) References Ball, J.W., McCleskey, R.B., and Nordstrom, D.K., 2010, Water-chemistry data for selected springs, geysers, and streams in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 2006-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1192, 109 p.

A total of 200 soil samples were collected in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem in Grand Teton National Park and the National Elk Refuge in July 2019 for chronic wasting disease (CWD) monitoring purposes. To collect samples from locations where ungulates are most likely to be shedding or encountering CWD, we targeted elk collar data locations, known migration routes of mule deer and elk, and areas where yearly elk supplemental feeding generally occurs on the National Elk Refuge. We sampled 10 transects in Grand Teton National Park and 10 transects in the National Elk Refuge, each 1,000 meters in length. We collected soil samples every 100 meters along the transect for a total of 10 samples per transect. Terra Core Samplers were used to collect 10 grams of surface soil at each sample location. Here we provide the transect identifier, transect name, sample point name, GPS location where each soil sample was collected, and the date when each sample was collected. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.