This data release presents input data for plot- and landscape-scale models of Prairie Pothole Region wetland methane emissions as a function of explanatory variables and remotely sensed predictors. Field data for the plot- and landscape-scale models span the years 2003-2016 and 2005-2016, respectively. The data release also includes R programming code to run the generalized additive model (GAM; plot scale) and random forest (RF; landscape scale) model of methane flux rates. Input data were extracted and modified from existing sources, and combined to facilitate model development, as well as six scenario-based model runs (two historical, four future). Briefly, a bottom-up approach was used to develop a spatially explicit, temporally dynamic model of methane emissions from Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) wetlands. A dataset of greater than 18,000 static-chamber flux measurements along with environmental covariates was used to develop a chamber-based (plot) model of methane flux, which was then used to inform a landscape-model using remotely sensed predictors. Covariates for the chamber-based model included soil water-filled pore space, soil temperature, wetland size, hydroperiod, land cover, growing season interval, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Predictors for upscaling included the Dynamic Surface Water Extent based on Landsat 4, 5, 7, and 8 for the presence, permanence, and extent of surface water, ClimateNA for historical and future temperatures, and the North American Land Change Monitoring System for land cover. Model runs included historical dry (1991) and wet (2011) years, as well as future Socioeconomic Pathways emissions scenarios (SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5).

This data release encompass numerous studies examining soil properties and greenhouse gas fluxes of Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) wetland catchments. The PPR is one of the largest wetland ecosystems in the world, encompassing approximately 770,000 square kilometers of the north-central U.S. and south-central Canada, with the U.S. portion including parts of Iowa, Minnesota, South Dakota, North Dakota, and Montana. The data included in this release span a 19-year period (1997–2016) and represent a diversity of studies ranging from localized (e.g., wetland catchments and complexes) to region-wide efforts that span the PPR’s climate and land-use gradient. Data from individual wetland catchments encompass a variety of wetland classes ranging from small, ephemerally-ponded wetlands to large, shallow lakes. Although study designs and methodologies differ slightly among the studies, the overarching methods are comparable and allow the data to be combined into a single data release. The data release consists of combined datasets (i.e., all studies) for soils, greenhouse gases, topography, water chemistry, weather, and covariate or explanatory variables such as water depth, soil moisture, and temperature. A majority of the studies also present data from the entire wetland catchment, with data collected from numerous landscape positions along transects spanning from the wetland center to the catchment boundary. Sample frequency among the studies ranges from a single site visit per year, to season-long, biweekly sample events across multiple years.

This data release encompass numerous studies examining soil properties and greenhouse gas fluxes of Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) wetland catchments. The PPR is one of the largest wetland ecosystems in the world, encompassing approximately 770,000 square kilometers of the north-central U.S. and south-central Canada, with the U.S. portion including parts of Iowa, Minnesota, South Dakota, North Dakota, and Montana. The data included in this release span a 19-year period (1997–2016) and represent a diversity of studies ranging from localized (e.g., wetland catchments and complexes) to region-wide efforts that span the PPR’s climate and land-use gradient. Data from individual wetland catchments encompass a variety of wetland classes ranging from small, ephemerally-ponded wetlands to large, shallow lakes. Although study designs and methodologies differ slightly among the studies, the overarching methods are comparable and allow the data to be combined into a single data release. The data release consists of combined datasets (i.e., all studies) for soils, greenhouse gases, topography, water chemistry, weather, and covariate or explanatory variables such as water depth, soil moisture, and temperature. A majority of the studies also present data from the entire wetland catchment, with data collected from numerous landscape positions along transects spanning from the wetland center to the catchment boundary. Sample frequency among the studies ranges from a single site visit per year, to season-long, biweekly sample events across multiple years.

Data on diurnal variation in wetland methane flux were collected to 1) improve understanding of short-term, mechanistic drivers of methane flux, and 2) inform sampling protocols to achieve research objectives. An automated gas flux sampling system was used to measure methane flux every 2.5–4 hours for over 230 diel cycles over the course of three growing seasons (2013–2015). Data were collected from a seasonal, depressional wetland located in the Prairie Pothole Region of central North America. These data directly support the associated publication “Diurnal patterns of methane flux from a depressional, seasonal wetland: mechanisms and methodology” which is referenced within the Metadata.

Data on diurnal variation in wetland methane flux were collected to 1) improve understanding of short-term, mechanistic drivers of methane flux, and 2) inform sampling protocols to achieve research objectives. An automated gas flux sampling system was used to measure methane flux every 2.5–4 hours for over 230 diel cycles over the course of three growing seasons (2013–2015). Data were collected from a seasonal, depressional wetland located in the Prairie Pothole Region of central North America. These data directly support the associated publication “Diurnal patterns of methane flux from a depressional, seasonal wetland: mechanisms and methodology” which is referenced within the Metadata.

Derived climatic variables based on the historical and future simulations of ten Global Climate Models.

Derived climatic variables based on the historical and future simulations of ten Global Climate Models.

Projected wetland densities under 10 different climate models and 3 land use and land cover scenarios. This file contains projected wetland densities under each combination of land use and climate.

Projected wetland densities under 10 different climate models and 3 land use and land cover scenarios. This file contains projected wetland densities under each combination of land use and climate.

Projected wetland densities under 10 different climate models and 3 land use and land cover scenarios. This file contains projected wetland densities under each combination of land use and climate.