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Continuous Resistivity Profiling, Electrical Resistivity Tomography and Hydrologic Data Collected in 2017 from Indian River Lagoon, Florida
Extending 200 kilometers (km) along the Atlantic Coast of Central Florida, Indian River Lagoon (IRL) is one of the most biologically diverse estuarine systems in the continental United States. The lagoon is characterized by shallow, brackish waters and a width that varies between 0.5 and 9.0 km; there is significant human development along both shores. Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center used continuous resistivity profiling (CRP, a towed electronic array) measurements, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), and basic physical water column properties (for example, depth and temperature) to investigate submarine groundwater discharge at two locations, Eau Gallie North and Riverwalk Park, along the western shore of IRL. Eau Gallie North is near the central section of IRL and Riverwalk Park is approximately 20 km north of the Eau Gallie site. At each CRP study site, an 11-electrode marine resistivity array was towed over seven north–south shore parallel transects (EA–EG and RA–RG, respectively), situated between 75–1000 meters offshore, and approximately 1.5 km in length. Each transect was mapped three times in an alternating north–south direction to account for data collected by the concurrently-operating radon mapping system (Everhart and others, 2018). Repeat streaming resistivity surveys were collected bimonthly along these same tracklines, between March and November 2017, to determine seasonal and temporal variability. Since resistivity is a function of both geology and salinity, it is assumed that temporal shifts will reflect salinity changes, as the underlying geology will be presumed to remain constant. ERT study areas consisted of land- and shallow water-based surveys, where [DC] electrical current was injected into the ground via two current electrodes and received by nine potential electrodes. Electrode positions for both sites were recorded along six transects (T01-T06) and are provided in this data release as supplemental information (please see the ERT location map files included in, ERT_survey_maps.zip).
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Continuous resistivity profiling data processed with multiple water conductivity values from Indian River Bay, Delaware, during April 2010 on U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2010-006-FA
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A geophysical survey to delineate the fresh-saline groundwater interface and associated sub-bottom sedimentary structures beneath Indian River Bay, Delaware, was carried out in April 2010. This included surveying at higher spatial resolution in the vicinity of a study site at Holts Landing, where intensive onshore and offshore studies were subsequently completed. The total length of continuous resistivity profiling (CRP) survey lines was 145 kilometers (km), with 36 km of chirp seismic lines surveyed around the perimeter of the bay. Medium-resolution CRP surveying was performed using a 50-meter streamer in a bay-wide grid. Results of the surveying and data inversion showed the presence of many buried paleochannels beneath Indian River Bay that generally extended perpendicular from the shoreline in areas of modern tributaries, tidal creeks, and marshes. An especially wide and deep paleochannel system was imaged in the southeastern part of the bay near White Creek. Many paleochannels also had high-resistivity anomalies corresponding to low-salinity groundwater plumes associated with them, likely due to the presence of fine-grained estuarine mud and peats in the channel fills that act as submarine confining units. Where present, these units allow plumes of low-salinity groundwater that was recharged onshore to move beyond the shoreline, creating a complex fresh-saline groundwater interface in the subsurface. The properties of this interface are important considerations in construction of accurate coastal groundwater flow models. These models are required to help predict how nutrient-rich groundwater, recharged in agricultural watersheds such as this one, makes its way into coastal bays and impacts surface water quality and estuarine ecosystems. For more information on the survey conducted for this project, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2010-006-FA.
Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data collected adjacent to Blacktail Creek in June 2017 near Williston, North Dakota, USA
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In June 2017, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected geophysical measurements to help map variations in electrical properties to infer shallow flowpaths and storage zones influenced by residual spilled unconventional oil and gas (UOG). Two survey profiles were collected, each including dipole-dipole and Wenner-Schlumberger configurations. For each survey a total of 56 electrodes spaced 1.0 meter (m) apart were used. During the ERT measurement, current is injected through two current electrodes and voltage is measured sequentially across multiple pairs of potential electrodes; the known current and the measured voltages are used to determine the apparent resistivity of the subsurface. Inverse modeling of ERT survey results provide profiles of resistivity that can be interpreted for subsurface layers. This data release provides the raw ERT data and output from inversion.
Processed Continuous Resistivity Profile Data Collected in the Corsica River Estuary, Maryland on May 15, 2007 on USGS Cruise 07005
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Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) into Maryland's Corsica River Estuary was investigated as part of a larger study to determine the importance of nutrient delivery to Chesapeake Bay via this pathway. Resource managers are concerned about nutrients that are entering the estuary via submarine groundwater discharge from this primarily agricultural watershed that may be contributing to eutrophication, harmful algal blooms, and fish kills. An interdisciplinary U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) science team conducted field operations in the estuary in April and May 2007. Techniques used included continuous resistivity profiling (CRP), piezometer sampling, seepage meter measurements, and collection of a radon tracer time series. Better understanding of the style, locations, and rates of groundwater discharge could lead to improved models and mitigation strategies for estuarine nutrient over-enrichment in the Corsica River Estuary, and other similar settings. More information on the field work can be accessed from the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Field Activity webpage: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2007-005-FA.
Shoreline Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Frequency Domain Electromagnetic (FDEM) Data along the Sinclair Inlet at the Bremerton Naval Complex, WA, June 2023
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This data release contains electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and frequency domain electromagnetic (FDEM) data collected in areas of unwalled shoreline at the Bremerton Naval Complex, WA, June 1-5, 2023. Preliminary inverse results from the FDEM data area also included. Two sites were investigated: Charleston Beach and Segment 4. Charleston Beach is a gently sloping pebble beach adjacent to the naval complex; whereas Segment 4 is a steeply sloping section of rocky shoreline on the naval complex surrounded by a pier and naval complex infrastructure. At Charleston Beach, FDEM data were collected with two different instruments with different sensitivity patterns (a DualEM-421 and a GEM-2) during negative tide (less than the mean low tide level) on June 2,2023. At Segment 4, various time-lapse ERT configurations were tested during June 3-5 over tidal cycles, while FDEM datasets (GEM-2 only) were collected during negative tides over this period. To facilitate comparison of geophysical data with tides, tide elevation predictions from NOAA station 9445958 are included in this release. A local digital elevation model was also created for Segment 4 using a real time kinematic (RTK) global positioning system.
Electrical Resistivity Tomography Data at Elizabeth Lake, Los Angeles County, California, 2019
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The Santa Clara River Lakes, located along the San Andreas fault 19 miles northwest of Palmdale, California, were placed on the state’s “303(d) List” or “Impaired Water List” in 1996 for eutrophic conditions, high pH, and low dissolved oxygen. In 2016, the state adopted a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) in the Santa Clara River Lakes. This study focuses on the largest of the three lakes, Lake Elizabeth, which is surrounded by the unincorporated town of Elizabeth Lake, CA. The local community uses on-site wastewater treatment systems instead of a centralized sewer system, resulting in potential contamination of groundwater. In response to concerns over the quality of water in the area and fluctuating water levels in Elizabeth Lake, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) cooperated with the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board to assess hydrologic conditions and water quality near Elizabeth Lake. As part of this work, the USGS did electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) survey lines at two locations across the southern edge of the lake near the community in March 2019.
Raw and Modified Raw Continuous Resistivity Profile Data Collected in the Potomac River/Chesapeake Bay on Sept. 7, 2006
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In order to test hypotheses about groundwater flow under and into Chesapeake Bay, geophysical surveys were conducted by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists on Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac River Estuary in September 2006. Chesapeake Bay resource managers are concerned about nutrients that are entering the estuary via submarine groundwater discharge, which are contributing to eutrophication. The USGS has performed many related studies in recent years to provide managers with information necessary to make informed decisions about this issue. The research carried out as part of the study described here was designed to help refine nutrient budgets for Chesapeake Bay by characterizing submarine groundwater flow and discharge of groundwater beneath part of the mainstem and a major tributary, the Potomac River Estuary.
Raw and Modified Raw Continuous Resistivity Profile Data Collected in the Potomac River/Chesapeake Bay on Sept. 6, 2006
공공데이터포털
In order to test hypotheses about groundwater flow under and into Chesapeake Bay, geophysical surveys were conducted by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists on Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac River Estuary in September 2006. Chesapeake Bay resource managers are concerned about nutrients that are entering the estuary via submarine groundwater discharge, which are contributing to eutrophication. The USGS has performed many related studies in recent years to provide managers with information necessary to make informed decisions about this issue. The research carried out as part of the study described here was designed to help refine nutrient budgets for Chesapeake Bay by characterizing submarine groundwater flow and discharge of groundwater beneath part of the mainstem and a major tributary, the Potomac River Estuary.
Raw and Modified Raw Continuous Resistivity Profile Data Collected in the Potomac River/Chesapeake Bay on Sept. 8, 2006
공공데이터포털
In order to test hypotheses about groundwater flow under and into Chesapeake Bay, geophysical surveys were conducted by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists on Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac River Estuary in September 2006. Chesapeake Bay resource managers are concerned about nutrients that are entering the estuary via submarine groundwater discharge, which are contributing to eutrophication. The USGS has performed many related studies in recent years to provide managers with information necessary to make informed decisions about this issue. The research carried out as part of the study described here was designed to help refine nutrient budgets for Chesapeake Bay by characterizing submarine groundwater flow and discharge of groundwater beneath part of the mainstem and a major tributary, the Potomac River Estuary.
Raw and modified raw continuous resistivity profiling data collected in the Indian River Bay, Delaware, on April 14, 2010, on U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2010-006-FA
공공데이터포털
A geophysical survey to delineate the fresh-saline groundwater interface and associated sub-bottom sedimentary structures beneath Indian River Bay, Delaware, was carried out in April 2010. This included surveying at higher spatial resolution in the vicinity of a study site at Holts Landing, where intensive onshore and offshore studies were subsequently completed. The total length of continuous resistivity profiling (CRP) survey lines was 145 kilometers (km), with 36 km of chirp seismic lines surveyed around the perimeter of the bay. Medium-resolution CRP surveying was performed using a 50-meter streamer in a bay-wide grid. Results of the surveying and data inversion showed the presence of many buried paleochannels beneath Indian River Bay that generally extended perpendicular from the shoreline in areas of modern tributaries, tidal creeks, and marshes. An especially wide and deep paleochannel system was imaged in the southeastern part of the bay near White Creek. Many paleochannels also had high-resistivity anomalies corresponding to low-salinity groundwater plumes associated with them, likely due to the presence of fine-grained estuarine mud and peats in the channel fills that act as submarine confining units. Where present, these units allow plumes of low-salinity groundwater that was recharged onshore to move beyond the shoreline, creating a complex fresh-saline groundwater interface in the subsurface. The properties of this interface are important considerations in construction of accurate coastal groundwater flow models. These models are required to help predict how nutrient-rich groundwater, recharged in agricultural watersheds such as this one, makes its way into coastal bays and impacts surface water quality and estuarine ecosystems. For more information on the survey conducted for this project, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2010-006-FA.
Electrical resistivity tomography processed data on irrigated fields at Fort Irwin National Training Center, San Bernardino County, California, 2019-2020
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The U.S. Army Fort Irwin National Training Center (NTC), approximately 35 miles north-northeast of Barstow, California, obtains all of its potable water supply from three groundwater basins (Irwin, Langford, and Bicycle Basins) within the NTC boundaries. In these basins, groundwater withdrawals exceed natural recharge, resulting in water-level declines. However, managed aquifer recharge using treated wastewater has offset water-level declines in Irwin Basin. Additionally, localized water-quality changes have occurred in some parts of Irwin Basin as a result of human activities (for example, wastewater disposal practices, landscape irrigation, and (or) leaking pipes). As part of a research study in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Army, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected eight electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys on irrigated fields in the Irwin Basin in July 2019 and February 2020. The ERT geophysical technique injects direct-current electricity with known voltage and current into the earth using a series of electrodes and measures the resulting resistivity. This technique is generally limited to investigations of aquifer properties that are less than 100 meters below land surface.