The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Transportation, conducted an investigation of acid-rock drainage from road cuts in Tennessee during 2014-2015. The Devonian Chattanooga Shale contains disseminated pyrite and is a primary producer of acid-rock drainage (ARD) in Tennessee. One objective of the overall investigation was to attenuate ARD by manipulating the indigenous microbial community through different treatment injections. The scope of the study included establishing flow-through microcosms constructed with shale from the Chattanooga Shale formation rich in pyrite collected from an ARD site in Middle Tennessee. The microcosms were subjected to various treatments and evaluations included monitoring pH and additional geochemical and microbial constituents in the effluent waters.

This data release includes new major and trace element geochemical data acquired by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for igneous rocks in the Cripple Creek district in Colorado. Cripple Creek is among the largest epithermal districts in the world, with more than 800 metric tons (t) Au (>26.4 Moz). The ores are associated spatially, temporally, and genetically with ~34 to 28 Ma alkaline igneous rocks that were emplaced into an 18 km2- diatreme complex and surrounding Proterozoic rocks (Kelley and others, 2020). Igneous rocks associated with Cripple Creek are part of a regionally extensive episode of Oligocene alkaline magmatism that extended southward along the axis of the Rio Grande rift through New Mexico and into the Trans Pecos region of Texas and northern Mexico (McLemore, 1996; Kelley and Ludington, 2002). The deposits at Cripple Creek are known as alkalic-type gold deposits, but they have been referred to as alkalic-related and Great Plains margin deposits in previous literature (McLemore, 1996). Many of the deposits in this class are enriched in critical elements, the most common of which is tellurium (Kelley and Spry, 2016). However, not all deposits are characterized by enriched tellurium concentrations. Cripple Creek is highly enriched, whereas other deposits in New Mexico are less enriched. The objective of the USGS study was to characterize the tellurium contents (and other trace elements) of predominantly unaltered alkaline igneous rocks that are genetically associated with mineralization in order to better understand possible source(s) and mechanism of enrichment of tellurium in these systems. This data release provides the analytical results of 25 rock hand samples collected by USGS geologists in collaboration with the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources (NMBGMR) during site visits to Cripple Creek in 1989, 2015, and 2016. In addition, 50 samples collected in 2013 by Anne Rahfeld (Rahfeld, 2013) were submitted and analyzed by the USGS. The mapped rock units from which the samples were collected are described in Wobus and others (1976) and brief descriptions of rock types are given in Kelley and others (1998). Several analytical methods were used and include 55 major and trace elements using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and 42 elements using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Some samples were also analyzed for major elements using wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WDXRF), for Au by fire assay ICP-MS and Au and PGE by fire assay.

A collection of analysis-ready datasets for the U.S. Geological Survey - Idaho National Laboratory (USGS-INL) groundwater and surface-water monitoring networks, administered by the USGS-INL Project Office in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy. The data collected from wells and surface-water stations at the Idaho National Laboratory and surrounding areas have been used to describe the effects of waste disposal on water contained in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, located in the southeastern part of Idaho, and the availability of water for long-term consumptive and industrial use. The datasets include long-term monitoring records dating back to measurements from 1922. Geospatial data describing the areas from which samples were collected or observations were made are also included.

A collection of analysis-ready datasets for the U.S. Geological Survey - Idaho National Laboratory (USGS-INL) groundwater and surface-water monitoring networks, administered by the USGS-INL Project Office in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy. The data collected from wells and surface-water stations at the Idaho National Laboratory and surrounding areas have been used to describe the effects of waste disposal on water contained in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, located in the southeastern part of Idaho, and the availability of water for long-term consumptive and industrial use. The datasets include long-term monitoring records dating back to measurements from 1922. Geospatial data describing the areas from which samples were collected or observations were made are also included.

The Dinwiddie terrane, formerly the Petersburg Granite (sensu lato), was originally interpreted as a Pennsylvanian - Permian igneous complex located in the eastern Piedmont of Virginia and considered to be a single batholith that comprises different textural varieties, likely assumed to have been emplaced from a single source during Alleghanian metamorphism (Bloomer 1939; Bobyarchick, 1978; Bobyarchick and Glover, 1979). However, mapping in the 2000s and 2010s (Carter and others, 2007; 2010; Carter, 2010; Bleick and others, 2011; Bondurant and others, 2011; Occhi and others, 2015, 2017; Occhi and Swanger, 2019) divided this into five distinct units based on lithology, including a subidiomorphic granite, a porphyritic granite, a foliated granite, a layered granite gneiss, and a megacrystic granite. Though these varieties of granite and gneiss were originally considered to be part of the same unit, Carter and others (2023) evaluated each of these five lithologies on the bases of their geochemistry and geochronology, and determined that the foliated granite and layered granite gneiss are ~100 million years older than the other lithologies and that they record evidence of a different magma source than the subidiomorphic granite, porphyritic granite, and megacrystic granite, prompting the redefinition of the Petersburg Granite (sensu lato) into the Dinwiddie terrane, which encompasses the entire suite of granites and gneisses formerly referred to as the Petersburg Granite (sensu lato). The Dinwiddie terrane can then be divided into the Petersburg Granite (sensu stricto), which is composed of the subidiomorphic granite, porphyritic granite, and megacrystic granite lithologies, and the informal Pocoshock Creek Gneiss, which is composed of the foliated granite and layered granite gneiss. Despite this redefinition, their work did not establish the Pocoshock Creek Gneiss as a formal lithodemic unit per the North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature (2021). Therefore, in order to better characterize the Pocoshock Creek Gneiss, justify its division from the Petersburg Granite (sensu stricto), and define this unit formally, geochemical data from these two units are compared. This data release comprises unpublished geochemical data collected during the work of Carter and others (2023), as well as a compilation of published geochemical data from Carter and others (2023) and from various igneous intrusions throughout the southern Appalachians for comparison with the Petersburg Granite (sensu stricto) and Pocoshock Creek Gneiss. The sources of all geochemical data included in this data release are described further within this metadata. Note, any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Abstract References: Bleick, H.A., Carter, M.W., and Berquist, C.R., Jr., 2011, Geologic map of the Richmond quadrangle, Virginia: Virginia Division of Geology and Mineral Resources Open-File Report 2011-13, scale 1:24,000. Bloomer, R.O, 1939, Notes on the Petersburg Granite: Virginia Geological Survey, Bulletin 51-F, p. 137–145. Bobyarchick, A.R., 1978, Reconnaissance geologic setting of the Petersburg Granite and regional framework for the Piedmont in southeastern Virginia, in Costain, J.K., Glover, L. III., and Sinha, A.K., eds., Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Progress Report 5648–4, p. A-1–A-37. Bobyarchick, A.R., and Glover, L., III, 1979, Deformation and metamorphism in the Hylas zone and adjacent parts of the eastern Piedmont in Virginia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 90, p. 739–752, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1979)90<739:DAMITH>2.0.CO;2. Bondurant, A.K., Berquist, C.R., Jr., Carter, M.W., and Bleick, H.A., 2011, Geologic map of the Drewrys Bluff quadrangle, Virginia: Virginia Division of Geology and Mineral Resources Open-File

The Dinwiddie terrane, formerly the Petersburg Granite (sensu lato), was originally interpreted as a Pennsylvanian - Permian igneous complex located in the eastern Piedmont of Virginia and considered to be a single batholith that comprises different textural varieties, likely assumed to have been emplaced from a single source during Alleghanian metamorphism (Bloomer 1939; Bobyarchick, 1978; Bobyarchick and Glover, 1979). However, mapping in the 2000s and 2010s (Carter and others, 2007; 2010; Carter, 2010; Bleick and others, 2011; Bondurant and others, 2011; Occhi and others, 2015, 2017; Occhi and Swanger, 2019) divided this into five distinct units based on lithology, including a subidiomorphic granite, a porphyritic granite, a foliated granite, a layered granite gneiss, and a megacrystic granite. Though these varieties of granite and gneiss were originally considered to be part of the same unit, Carter and others (2023) evaluated each of these five lithologies on the bases of their geochemistry and geochronology, and determined that the foliated granite and layered granite gneiss are ~100 million years older than the other lithologies and that they record evidence of a different magma source than the subidiomorphic granite, porphyritic granite, and megacrystic granite, prompting the redefinition of the Petersburg Granite (sensu lato) into the Dinwiddie terrane, which encompasses the entire suite of granites and gneisses formerly referred to as the Petersburg Granite (sensu lato). The Dinwiddie terrane can then be divided into the Petersburg Granite (sensu stricto), which is composed of the subidiomorphic granite, porphyritic granite, and megacrystic granite lithologies, and the informal Pocoshock Creek Gneiss, which is composed of the foliated granite and layered granite gneiss. Despite this redefinition, their work did not establish the Pocoshock Creek Gneiss as a formal lithodemic unit per the North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature (2021). Therefore, in order to better characterize the Pocoshock Creek Gneiss, justify its division from the Petersburg Granite (sensu stricto), and define this unit formally, geochemical data from these two units are compared. This data release comprises unpublished geochemical data collected during the work of Carter and others (2023), as well as a compilation of published geochemical data from Carter and others (2023) and from various igneous intrusions throughout the southern Appalachians for comparison with the Petersburg Granite (sensu stricto) and Pocoshock Creek Gneiss. The sources of all geochemical data included in this data release are described further within this metadata. Note, any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Abstract References: Bleick, H.A., Carter, M.W., and Berquist, C.R., Jr., 2011, Geologic map of the Richmond quadrangle, Virginia: Virginia Division of Geology and Mineral Resources Open-File Report 2011-13, scale 1:24,000. Bloomer, R.O, 1939, Notes on the Petersburg Granite: Virginia Geological Survey, Bulletin 51-F, p. 137–145. Bobyarchick, A.R., 1978, Reconnaissance geologic setting of the Petersburg Granite and regional framework for the Piedmont in southeastern Virginia, in Costain, J.K., Glover, L. III., and Sinha, A.K., eds., Evaluation and Targeting of Geothermal Energy Resources in the Southeastern United States: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Progress Report 5648–4, p. A-1–A-37. Bobyarchick, A.R., and Glover, L., III, 1979, Deformation and metamorphism in the Hylas zone and adjacent parts of the eastern Piedmont in Virginia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 90, p. 739–752, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1979)90<739:DAMITH>2.0.CO;2. Bondurant, A.K., Berquist, C.R., Jr., Carter, M.W., and Bleick, H.A., 2011, Geologic map of the Drewrys Bluff quadrangle, Virginia: Virginia Division of Geology and Mineral Resources Open-File

Chemical and physical attributes, rates of deposition, erosion, and mineralization of bank and floodplain sediments and soils from five study sites in the Smith Creek watershed between 2012 and 2015.

Chemical and physical attributes, rates of deposition, erosion, and mineralization of bank and floodplain sediments and soils from five study sites in the Smith Creek watershed between 2012 and 2015.

This data release includes one comma delimited table that represents a summary of source and target samples collected for White Clay Creek between 2020 and 2023, in support of sediment fingerprinting modelling. This table contains sediment sample information and results of particle size, elemental composition, and fallout radionuclide analyses. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. First posted - October 18, 2023 (available from author). Revised - March 28, 2024 (version 2.0). This data release has been revised to include data from samples collected in 2023 that were not published in version 1.0.

This data release includes one comma delimited table that represents a summary of source and target samples collected for White Clay Creek between 2020 and 2023, in support of sediment fingerprinting modelling. This table contains sediment sample information and results of particle size, elemental composition, and fallout radionuclide analyses. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. First posted - October 18, 2023 (available from author). Revised - March 28, 2024 (version 2.0). This data release has been revised to include data from samples collected in 2023 that were not published in version 1.0.