This dataset includes CSV data files containing environmental data that may be associated with the occurrence and toxicity of the diatom Pseudo nitzschia in Frenchman Bay, Maine, that can form harmful algal blooms and produce the toxin domoic acid. The dataset covers the period 2010 through 2022 or shorter period depending on the variable. Elevated concentrations of domoic acid in Pseudo nitzschia can lead to the contamination of shellfish, threats to human health and closures of shellfish harvesting areas. This dataset was compiled in cooperation with the National Park Service.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX The file “Site_Infomation_v4.csv” contains the latitudes and longitudes for the locations where Pseudo nitzschia cells were enumerated, water quality and mussel tissue samples were collected, nutrient loads were estimated, and ocean temperature and salinity were measured.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX The file “Pn_Cells_Ancillary_vars_v2.csv” contains Pseudo nitzschia monitoring data (cells/liter) for two locations: the Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory and the Bar Harbor Town Pier for large and small Pseudo nitzschia cells as well as ancillary data including timing of sampling in relation to the tides, sampling depth, air temperature, water temperature, and salinity (PSU). These data were collected with variable frequency, generally approximately weekly to monthly from 3/2007 through 12/2022.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX The file “MDIBL_BHTP_Nutrients_Field_Parms.csv” contains nutrient concentration data (nitrate + nitrite, silica, ammonium and orthophosphate) for two locations: the Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory (MDIBL) and the Bar Harbor Town Pier (BHTP). These data were collected with variable frequency generally from approximately weekly to monthly from May through October and less frequently and with fewer samples in other months. Data are available from samples from 2013 to 2018 and in 2021.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX The file “Water-quality_data_from_Frenchman_Bay_coastal_locations.csv” contains nutrient concentration data (total nitrogen, ammonium, phosphorus, and silicate) and water temperature, air temperature, salinity, and rainfall in the past 48 hours for (Berry Cove, various sites at Hadley Point; Jordan River, Racoon Cove, Skillings River, Thomas Island East, Thomas Island West). These data were collected with variable frequency generally approximately weekly to monthly from June through September. The period of record varied by site: Berry Cove, 2010 to 2017; various sites at Hadley Point, 2007 to 2017; Jordan River, 2008 to 2017; Racoon Cove, 2010 to 2017; Skillings River, 2010 to 2015; Thomas Island East, 2011 to 2017; Thomas Island West, 2010 to 2017. The data were retrieved from the ANECDATA.org data archive. XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX The file “Trib_N_P_Runoff_Loads_v2.csv” contains monthly nutrient load (kilogram/month) for total dissolved nitrogen and total phosphorus as well as monthly mean air temperature, mean precipitation, and mean runoff data for 24 tributaries that drain into Frenchman Bay for January 2010 through December 2021. The 7-digit numbers in the column headers of the “Trib_N_P_Runoff_Loads_v2.csv” file refer to the reach ID as defined in the file “Static_N_P_Annual_Loads_SPARROW_Model.csv”. The computation of loads is based on the static loads from the Sparrow Model shown in the file “Static_N_P_Annual_Loads_SPARROW_Model.csv” that were adjusted for monthly runoff modeled using the Thornthwaite Water Balance Model that, in turn used precipitation and temperature data from the PRISM model 4-kilometer quadrant data derived from GRIDMET. The centroids for the PRISM quadrants that were included for the calculated runoff for each tributary watershed are listed in the file “Site_Infomation_v4.csv”.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX The file “Solar_Radiation_Frenchman_Bay.csv” contains monthly average solar radiation data for Frenchman Bay for January 2010 through December 2021. The

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Coastal Condition Assessment (NCCA) is a nationwide survey of coastal and estuarine water quality. During the 2015 EPA NCCA, samples were collected at 732 sites for analysis of algal toxins and cyanotoxins at the Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory (OGRL) at the U.S. Geological Survey Kansas Water Science Center (KSWSC) by liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Samples from the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts of the conterminous U.S. were analyzed for anatoxin-a, cylindrospermopsin, domoic acid, dinophysistoxin-1, dinophysistoxin-2, gymnodimine, 10 microcystin congeners, nodularin, okadaic acid, pectenotoxin-2, and 13-desmethyl spirolide c.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Coastal Condition Assessment (NCCA) is a nationwide survey of coastal and estuarine water quality. During the 2015 EPA NCCA, samples were collected at 732 sites for analysis of algal toxins and cyanotoxins at the Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory (OGRL) at the U.S. Geological Survey Kansas Water Science Center (KSWSC) by liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Samples from the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts of the conterminous U.S. were analyzed for anatoxin-a, cylindrospermopsin, domoic acid, dinophysistoxin-1, dinophysistoxin-2, gymnodimine, 10 microcystin congeners, nodularin, okadaic acid, pectenotoxin-2, and 13-desmethyl spirolide c.

우리나라 연안 주요 패류양식장 및 주변해역에서 채취한 패류에 대한 패류 독소(마비성, 기억상실성, 설사성) 발생시 속보 발행

In cooperation with the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency (TWRA) and University of Tennessee Knoxville (UTK), the U.S. Geological survey (USGS) collected cyanobacterial toxin concentrations (i.e., microcystin, anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, and saxitoxin) and water-quality field data at 4 sites on the Clinch River from November 2020 to December 2023. The goal for the sample data was to better understand the occurrence and distribution of cyanobacterial toxins in a section of the Clinch River. Sample collection was primarily during the growing season, when harmful algal blooms (HABs) are known to be most active. This data release documents the toxin concentrations and water-quality data produced from the study.

The presence of harmful algal species, which produce toxins, pose a significant threat to public health and coastal aquaculture activities. For example, estimated losses due to biotoxin closures have cost the Irish shellfish industry $4 million in 2000. Biotoxins, which have the potential to cause the following human illnesses: diarrhetic, paralytic, amnesic and azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (known as DSP, PSP, ASP and AZP respectively) have been detected in shellfish in Ireland. The toxic phytoplankton species of concern in Irish waters are: Dinophysis spp. (DSP), Alexandrium spp. (PSP), and Pseudo-nitzschia spp (ASP). The only locations where blooms of A. tamarense and accumulation of toxins occur are Cork Harbour and Belfast Lough. The marine source of AZP has still to be confirmed. The Marine Environment and Health Services Division of the Irish Marine Institute is responsible for monitoring water samples collected from shellfish production areas for the presence of potentially harmful algal species. This information is used by the Marine Institute as an early warning of potential harmful algal events, as an indicator of what type of toxin analysis needs to be carried out and as scientific evidence to supplement the results of toxin analysis of shellfish. However, due to a variety of reasons, it has not been possible to demonstrate a direct correlation between numbers of potentially toxic phytoplankton in water samples and the presence of toxins in shellfish. Therefore, phytoplankton counts on their own are not used to decide the toxicity status of shellfish production areas. Symptoms of DSP appear after 30 mins to a few hrs of consumption and include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Ingestion of shellfish containing the PSP biotoxin acts quickly (within 30 mins of consumption) and can cause numbness, and tingling of the lips, tongue, face and extremities, difficulty in talking, breathing, swallowing and muscle spasms. In severe cases death can occur due to respiratory paralysis. The Biotoxin Unit of the Marine Institute regularly monitors shellfish for the presence of toxins using both mouse bioassays and analytical chemistry methods. Production areas are closed for shellfish harvesting if the mouse bioassays are positive, i.e., 2 out of the 3 mice die within 24 hours of being injected intraperitonally with a Di Ethyl Ether (Note: Di Ethyl Ether replaced Acetone as the chemical extractant in 2001) extraction of toxins from the homogenised shellfish hepatopancreas. In addition, the use of remote sensing data has been identified as one of the key components of the Marine Institute's proposed HAE forecasting system. To evaluate the application of this technology, SeaWiFS images that have been compiled as part of the EU funded BIOCOLOR project by the Remote Sensing Data Analysis Service (RSDAS) in Plymouth, U.K., have been re-analysed by NOAA/NOS and Marine Institute personnel. The re-analysed images were taken in 1998 during a large bloom of Karenia mikimotoi formerly known as Gyrodinium aureolum) that extended across the northern Celtic Sea and a region of the Irish shelf adjacent to the large bays of southwestern Ireland.

A data release containing information on macroinvertebrate communities and sediment toxicity in the Niagara River and adjacent areas collected during a sampling effort conducted between 2019 and 2020, and a sampling effort conducted in 2022. During the first sampling effort, bed sediments were collected at 60 sites in the Niagara River, 5 sites on lower Smoke Creek, and 6 sites on Hoyt Lake for use in sediment toxicity testing and determination of grain size distribution and total organic carbon concentration. Additionally, macroinvertebrate samples were collected from the 60 sites on the Niagara River. During the second sampling effort, bed sediments were collected at 10 sites on lower Smoke Creek (5 of which were repeated from the first sampling effort), 5 reference sites on upper Smoke Creek, and 6 sites on Hoyt Lake (all of which were repeated from the first sampling effort) for toxicity testing, macroinvertebrate community assessment, and and determination of grain size distribution and total organic carbon concentration. Additionally, sediments were collected at 10 sites in the Black Rock Canal, 5 reference sites in the upper Black Rock Canal, and 5 sites in Erie Basin Marina for macroinvertebrate community assessment. The selection of site locations and analyses was done by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation based on existing data gaps and prior sediment chemistry data. For both sampling efforts, in situ habitat measurements were taken at the time of sample collection at all sites. All sediment samples were collected using a petite Ponar dredge. Ten-day sediment toxicity tests were performed using two test species, Chironomus dilutus and Hyalella azteca, following standard USEPA test methods. Macroinvertebrates were identified to the lowest practical taxonomic resolution and used to calculate metrics of biological integrity following standard New York State Department of Environmental Conservation procedures. A morphological deformity analysis was also conducted on the mentum mouthpart of midge larvae in the genus Chironomus as an additional measure of toxicity following standard New York State Department of Environmental Conservation procedures. The data release has five separate tables: one containing site locations and habitat information, one containing the results of sediment toxicity tests, one containing macroinvertebrate identifications, one containing standard New York State Department of Environmental Conservation metrics of macroinvertebrate community integrity calculated from the macroinvertebrate identifications, and one containing the results of the morphological deformity analysis.

A data release containing information on macroinvertebrate communities and sediment toxicity in the Niagara River and adjacent areas collected during a sampling effort conducted between 2019 and 2020, and a sampling effort conducted in 2022. During the first sampling effort, bed sediments were collected at 60 sites in the Niagara River, 5 sites on lower Smoke Creek, and 6 sites on Hoyt Lake for use in sediment toxicity testing and determination of grain size distribution and total organic carbon concentration. Additionally, macroinvertebrate samples were collected from the 60 sites on the Niagara River. During the second sampling effort, bed sediments were collected at 10 sites on lower Smoke Creek (5 of which were repeated from the first sampling effort), 5 reference sites on upper Smoke Creek, and 6 sites on Hoyt Lake (all of which were repeated from the first sampling effort) for toxicity testing, macroinvertebrate community assessment, and and determination of grain size distribution and total organic carbon concentration. Additionally, sediments were collected at 10 sites in the Black Rock Canal, 5 reference sites in the upper Black Rock Canal, and 5 sites in Erie Basin Marina for macroinvertebrate community assessment. The selection of site locations and analyses was done by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation based on existing data gaps and prior sediment chemistry data. For both sampling efforts, in situ habitat measurements were taken at the time of sample collection at all sites. All sediment samples were collected using a petite Ponar dredge. Ten-day sediment toxicity tests were performed using two test species, Chironomus dilutus and Hyalella azteca, following standard USEPA test methods. Macroinvertebrates were identified to the lowest practical taxonomic resolution and used to calculate metrics of biological integrity following standard New York State Department of Environmental Conservation procedures. A morphological deformity analysis was also conducted on the mentum mouthpart of midge larvae in the genus Chironomus as an additional measure of toxicity following standard New York State Department of Environmental Conservation procedures. The data release has five separate tables: one containing site locations and habitat information, one containing the results of sediment toxicity tests, one containing macroinvertebrate identifications, one containing standard New York State Department of Environmental Conservation metrics of macroinvertebrate community integrity calculated from the macroinvertebrate identifications, and one containing the results of the morphological deformity analysis.