Wild bee and butterfly samples were collected from the margins of agricultural fields located on five Conservation Areas in Missouri. In 2016 and 2017, samples were collected and composited by genera for a total of 90 samples. Samples were extracted via pressurized liquid extraction and solid phase extraction cleanup. Samples were analyzed for 168 pesticides and degradates using both gas and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, 16 pesticides were detected. Pesticides detected in greater than 2% of the composite samples included: metolachlor (24%), tebuconazole (22%), atrazine (18%), imidacloprid desnitro (13%), bifenthrin (9%), flumetralin (9%), p,p’-DDD (6%), tebupirimfos (4%), fludioxonil (4%), flutriafol (3%), cyproconazole (2%), and oxadiazon (2%). Concentrations for individual pesticides ranged from 2 to 174 ng/g. Results indicate that wild pollinators are exposed to a wide variety of pesticides.

Wild bee and butterfly samples were collected from the margins of agricultural fields located on five Conservation Areas in Missouri. In 2016 and 2017, samples were collected and composited by genera for a total of 90 samples. Samples were extracted via pressurized liquid extraction and solid phase extraction cleanup. Samples were analyzed for 168 pesticides and degradates using both gas and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, 16 pesticides were detected. Pesticides detected in greater than 2% of the composite samples included: metolachlor (24%), tebuconazole (22%), atrazine (18%), imidacloprid desnitro (13%), bifenthrin (9%), flumetralin (9%), p,p’-DDD (6%), tebupirimfos (4%), fludioxonil (4%), flutriafol (3%), cyproconazole (2%), and oxadiazon (2%). Concentrations for individual pesticides ranged from 2 to 174 ng/g. Results indicate that wild pollinators are exposed to a wide variety of pesticides.

This data release includes sampling location identification and timing data as well as plant and insect pollinator taxonomic information in Conservation Reserve Program fields. Sampling took place during July and August of 2019. Fields were located on private land managed for the U.S.Department of Agriculture Conservation Reserve Program in eastern central Iowa, U.S.A.

Bees were collected in 24 fields across eastern Iowa in summer 2019. This data collection was part of a pesticide study funded by the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area- Environmental Health Program. Bees were collected using the sweep net method and then were immediately placed on dry ice in the field. Bees were kept frozen to prevent degradation. In the lab, each wild bee was photographed from one or more angles using an AmScope microscope fitted with an MU1400 digital camera at 20x magnification. Bees were then morphologically identified based on the images. All images were checked for quality control before they were archived on this site. This data release includes 1) a txt file with bee identifications and image names, 2) zipped images of the bees, and 3) a text file with alternative text for each image.

Bees were collected in 24 fields across eastern Iowa in summer 2019. This data collection was part of a pesticide study funded by the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area- Environmental Health Program. Bees were collected using the sweep net method and then were immediately placed on dry ice in the field. Bees were kept frozen to prevent degradation. In the lab, each wild bee was photographed from one or more angles using an AmScope microscope fitted with an MU1400 digital camera at 20x magnification. Bees were then morphologically identified based on the images. All images were checked for quality control before they were archived on this site. This data release includes 1) a txt file with bee identifications and image names, 2) zipped images of the bees, and 3) a text file with alternative text for each image.

These data were collected as part of RARE project with the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station. For this work, pollen was collected from honey bee colonies located at two ornamental plant nurseries in Connecticut. The pollen was analyzed for pesticide residues (type and quantity). Aggregate risk quotients for honey bee adults and larvae were calculated using these data. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Hester, K., K. Stoner, B. Eitzer, R. Koethe, and D. Lehmann. Pesticide Residues in Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Pollen collected in Two Ornamental Plant Nurseries in Connecticut: Implications for Bee Health and Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, USA, 333: 122037, (2023).

These data were collected as part of RARE project with the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station. For this work, pollen was collected from honey bee colonies located at two ornamental plant nurseries in Connecticut. The pollen was analyzed for pesticide residues (type and quantity). Aggregate risk quotients for honey bee adults and larvae were calculated using these data. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Hester, K., K. Stoner, B. Eitzer, R. Koethe, and D. Lehmann. Pesticide Residues in Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Pollen collected in Two Ornamental Plant Nurseries in Connecticut: Implications for Bee Health and Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, USA, 333: 122037, (2023).

Pesticide concentrations determined in honey bee hive matrices from GC/qToF-MS analysis. Including neonicotinoid concentrations determined by LC-MS/MS as published in Lin et al., 2021. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Glinski, D., S. Purucker, J. Minucci, R. Richardson, C. Lin, R. Johnson, and W. Henderson. Analysis of contaminant residues in honey bee hive matrices. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier BV, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 954: 176329, (2024).

Data on the presence of corn seed treatment insecticides in bee-collected pollen and increased honey bee mortality associated with corn planting, persistence of the insecticides inside honey bee colonies, and long-term growth of these colonies in central Ohio. We also constructed spatial models, based on empirical data of honey bee foraging and dispersion patterns of planter dust, and landscape compositions, to simulate hypothesized exposure routes via contamination of foraging resources and aerial exposure resulting from flight through localized dust plumes from planters and diffuse dust in the landscape over all resulting from widespread planting activity. Insecticide concentrations under different hypothesized exposure routes were then compared with the observed levels of contamination to evaluate these hypotheses. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Kuan, C., G. DeGrandi-Hoffman, R. Curry, K. Garber, A. Kanarek, M. Snyder, K. Wolfe, and T. Purucker. Sensitivity analyses for simulating pesticide impacts on honey bee colonies. ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING AND SOFTWARE. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, USA, 376: 15-27, (2018).

Data on the presence of corn seed treatment insecticides in bee-collected pollen and increased honey bee mortality associated with corn planting, persistence of the insecticides inside honey bee colonies, and long-term growth of these colonies in central Ohio. We also constructed spatial models, based on empirical data of honey bee foraging and dispersion patterns of planter dust, and landscape compositions, to simulate hypothesized exposure routes via contamination of foraging resources and aerial exposure resulting from flight through localized dust plumes from planters and diffuse dust in the landscape over all resulting from widespread planting activity. Insecticide concentrations under different hypothesized exposure routes were then compared with the observed levels of contamination to evaluate these hypotheses. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Kuan, C., G. DeGrandi-Hoffman, R. Curry, K. Garber, A. Kanarek, M. Snyder, K. Wolfe, and T. Purucker. Sensitivity analyses for simulating pesticide impacts on honey bee colonies. ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING AND SOFTWARE. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, USA, 376: 15-27, (2018).