A new groundwater flow model for western Chippewa County, Wisconsin has been developed by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey (WGNHS) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). An analytic element GFLOW model was constructed and calibrated to generate hydraulic boundary conditions for the perimeter of the more detailed three-dimensional MODFLOW-NWT model. This three-dimensional model uses the USGS MODFLOW-NWT finite difference code, a standalone version of MODFLOW-2005 that incorporates the Newton (NWT) solver. The model conceptualizes the hydrogeology of western Chippewa County as a six-layer system which includes several hydrostratigraphic units. The model explicitly simulates groundwater-surface-water interaction with streamflow routing. Model input included recent estimates of aquifer hydraulic conductivities and a spatial groundwater recharge distribution developed using a GIS-based soil-water-balance model for the study area. Groundwater withdrawals from pumping were simulated for 269 high-capacity wells across the entire model domain, which includes western Chippewa County and portions of eastern Dunn County and southeastern Barron County. Model calibration used the parameter estimation code PEST, and calibration targets included heads and stream flows. Calibration f focused on the period from during 2011 to 2013 when the largest amount of calibration data were available. Following calibration, the model was applied to two distinct scenarios; one evaluating hydraulic impacts of more intensive industrial sand mining and the second evaluating the hydraulicimpacts of more intensive agricultural irrigation practices. Each scenario was developed with input by Chippewa County and a stakeholder group established for this study, and designed to represent reasonable future build-out conditions for both mining and irrigatedagriculture. The mining scenario underscores the potential hydraulic impacts related to changing land-use practices (i.e., hilltops and farm land becoming sand mines), while the irrigated agriculture scenario illustrates the potential hydraulic impacts of intensifying existing land-use practices (i.e., installing new wells to irrigate farm fields).

A three-dimensional, groundwater flow model (MODFLOW-NWT) was developed to examine groundwater storage changes in the Quincy Basin, Washington. The model was calibrated to conditions from 1920 to 2013. The model was used to (1) determine the change in groundwater storage from 1920 to 2013 , and (2) simulate the potential effects of increases in pumping, decrease in irrigation recharge, and increases in streamflow in Crab Creek by 100 cubic feet per second and 500 cubic feet per second. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185162).

A three-dimensional, groundwater flow model (MODFLOW-NWT) was developed to examine groundwater storage changes in the Quincy Basin, Washington. The model was calibrated to conditions from 1920 to 2013. The model was used to (1) determine the change in groundwater storage from 1920 to 2013 , and (2) simulate the potential effects of increases in pumping, decrease in irrigation recharge, and increases in streamflow in Crab Creek by 100 cubic feet per second and 500 cubic feet per second. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185162).

This groundwater-flow model archive contains all of the input and output files for an inset MODFLOW-NWT model extracted from the northern (Wisconsin) half of a published USGS steady-state regional model of the Upper Fox River Basin in the U.S. Upper Midwest. The construction and details of the published USGS steady-state model of the Upper Fox River Basin is outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5038 (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185038). The regional model is archived in the data release at https://doi.org/10.5066/F76D5R5V. The extracted model was used to demonstrate an innovative new method for delinating fen distribution and discharge using the MODFLOW UZF package. The extracted model incorporates the Mukwonago River Basin, a 10-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC10) basin occupying 86.2 mi2 (223 km2) in southeastern Wisconsin. The extracted model was used to demonstrate how regional and local flow patterns can be enhanced by adding a version of the UZF file that automatically inserts “seepage drains” in cells where the water table is near the land surface (within the “undulation depth”). Details on the extracted model construction and calibration, including preparation of the “stripped-down” UZF file central to the proposed fen delineation method can be found in the supporting information of the journal article in Groundwater (https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12931). This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the journal article in Groundwater (https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12931).

A groundwater-flow model was developed for the Bad River Watershed and surrounding area by using the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) finite-difference code MODFLOW–NWT. The model simulates steady-state groundwater-flow and base flow in streams by using the streamflow routing (SFR) package. The model was calibrated to groundwater levels and base flows obtained from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) database, and groundwater levels obtained from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and Bad River Band well-construction databases. Calibration was performed via nonlinear regression by using the parameter-estimation software suite PEST.

A groundwater-flow model was developed for the Bad River Watershed and surrounding area by using the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) finite-difference code MODFLOW–NWT. The model simulates steady-state groundwater-flow and base flow in streams by using the streamflow routing (SFR) package. The model was calibrated to groundwater levels and base flows obtained from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) database, and groundwater levels obtained from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and Bad River Band well-construction databases. Calibration was performed via nonlinear regression by using the parameter-estimation software suite PEST.

A numerical groundwater flow model of the Hualapai Valley Basin, using MODFLOW-NWT, was developed to assist water-resource managers in understanding the potential effects of projected groundwater withdrawals on groundwater levels in the basin. Hualapai Valley Basin is a broad, internally drained, intermountain desert basin in Mohave County, northwestern Arizona. Basin-fill aquifers are the primary groundwater source for many desert communities, and the residents, commerce, and agriculture in and near to the Hualapai Valley Basin must rely on such groundwater to meet water needs. As in many parts of the western United States, population growth in this part of Arizona is substantial. From 2000 to 2018 the population of the City of Kingman, Arizona, grew from 20,069 to 30,314, an increase of 51 percent, whereas the population of Mohave County grew from 155,062 to 209,550, an increase of 35 percent. Water managers in Mohave County have raised concern about the potential for future groundwater development and additional stresses on the groundwater system in the Hualapai Valley Basin. In particular, the City of Kingman, Ariz., water supply is primarily groundwater withdrawn from the Kingman subbasin of the Hualapai Valley Basin, northeast of the city. The potential effects of future water development on the City of Kingman well field have become a top concern to regional water-resource managers. To address these concerns the Hualapai Valley Hydrologic Model (HVHM) simulates the hydrologic system for the years 1935 through 2219, including future withdrawal scenarios that simulate large-scale agricultural expansion with and without enhanced groundwater recharge from potential new infiltration basin projects. HVHM is a highly parameterized model (75,586 adjustable parameters) capable of simulating grid-scale variability in aquifer properties (for example, conductivity, specific yield, and specific storage) and system stresses (for instance, natural recharge and groundwater withdrawals). System stresses were partially adopted from a previously-published groundwater model (Tillman and others, 2013). Parameter estimation and uncertainty quantification were performed using an iterative ensemble smoother software (PESTPP-IES) to produce an ensemble of models fit to historical data. Two future scenarios were simulated with a subset of the posterior parameter ensemble comprising the 40 best-fit realizations. In scenario 1, future pumping was simulated to increase linearly from 2019 through 2029 and then held constant through 2219. Scenario 2 includes the same specified future pumping, but also simulates enhanced recharge at proposed infiltration basins throughout the Kingman subbasin beginning in 2019. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215077).

A previously developed groundwater flow model (https://doi.org/10.5066/P9051RUT) was slightly modified to estimate the risk-based discrete relation between groundwater extraction and surface-water/groundwater exchange. Previously, the concept of a ''capture map'' has been put forward as a means to effectively summarize this relation for decision-making consumption. While capture maps have enjoyed success in the environmental simulation industry, they are deterministic, ignoring uncertainty in the underlying model. Furthermore, capture maps are not typically calculated in a manner that facilitates analysis of varying combinations of extraction locations and/or reaches. That is, they are typically constructed with focus on a single reach or group of reaches. The former of these limitations is important for conveying risk to decision makers, while the latter is important for decision-making support related to surface-water management, where future foci may include reaches that were not the focus of the original capture analysis. Herein, we use a MODFLOW-NWT groundwater/surface-water model of the lower San Antonio River, Texas, USA to demonstrate a technique to estimate risk-based and spatially discrete streamflow depletion potential. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated journal article (https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13080)

A previously developed groundwater flow model (https://doi.org/10.5066/P9051RUT) was slightly modified to estimate the risk-based discrete relation between groundwater extraction and surface-water/groundwater exchange. Previously, the concept of a ''capture map'' has been put forward as a means to effectively summarize this relation for decision-making consumption. While capture maps have enjoyed success in the environmental simulation industry, they are deterministic, ignoring uncertainty in the underlying model. Furthermore, capture maps are not typically calculated in a manner that facilitates analysis of varying combinations of extraction locations and/or reaches. That is, they are typically constructed with focus on a single reach or group of reaches. The former of these limitations is important for conveying risk to decision makers, while the latter is important for decision-making support related to surface-water management, where future foci may include reaches that were not the focus of the original capture analysis. Herein, we use a MODFLOW-NWT groundwater/surface-water model of the lower San Antonio River, Texas, USA to demonstrate a technique to estimate risk-based and spatially discrete streamflow depletion potential. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated journal article (https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13080)

A three-dimensional groundwater flow model using MODFLOW-NWT was developed to evaluate historical and potential stream capture in the lower Humboldt River Basin, Nevada. The Humboldt River Basin is the only river basin that is contained entirely within the state of Nevada. The effect of groundwater pumping on the Humboldt River is not well understood. Tools are needed to determine stream capture and manage groundwater pumping in the Humboldt River Basin. Previous work has demonstrated that the river’s surface-water resource is sensitive to groundwater withdrawals, which have steadily increased since the 1950s for agriculture, municipal, and mining uses. A numerical groundwater flow model was developed for the purpose of estimating stream capture from pre-2016 and future pumping as well as for any location of potential future pumping within the lower Humboldt River Basin. The model was calibrated with historical data from 1960 through 2016. The calibrated historic model was used to evaluate historic capture and a transient predictive model was used to evaluate potential capture anywhere within the lower Humboldt River Basin, Nevada. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235110).