This dataset includes pesticides and pesticide transformation products in 15 tributaries of the Great Lakes. Pesticides were monitored using polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) to estimate concentrations in water following standard protocols (Alvarez, 2010) in June and July 2016. POCIS extracts were analyzed for 225 chemicals (USGS National Water Quality Laboratory schedule 5437, Sandstrom and others, 2016), for which 129 chemicals also have POCIS uptake rates, allowing calculations of time-weighted mean concentration over the approximately 30 day deployment (Alvarez and others, 2008). Collectively, there were 97 chemicals detected, and time-weighted mean concentrations could be calculated for 95 chemicals. The data support the findings in the associated journal article (https://doi.org/TBD).

Dataset for "Loken LC, Corsi SR, Alvarez DA, Ankley GT, Baldwin AK, Blackwell BR, De Cicco LA, Nott MA, Oliver SK, Villeneuve DL. Prioritizing Pesticides of Potential Concern and Identifying Potential Mixture Effects in Great Lakes Tributaries Using Passive Samplers. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2023 Feb;42(2):340-366. doi: 10.1002/etc.5491. Epub 2022 Dec 23. PMID: 36165576; PMCID: PMC10107608.". This dataset is associated with the following publication: Loken, L., S. Corsi, D. Alvarez, G. Ankley, A. Baldwin, B. Blackwell, L. DeCicco, M. Nott, S. Oliver, and D. Villeneuve. Prioritizing Pesticides of Potential Concern and Identifying Potential Mixture Effects in Great Lakes Tributaries Using Passive Samplers. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Pensacola, FL, USA, 42(2): 340-366, (2023).

Dataset for "Loken LC, Corsi SR, Alvarez DA, Ankley GT, Baldwin AK, Blackwell BR, De Cicco LA, Nott MA, Oliver SK, Villeneuve DL. Prioritizing Pesticides of Potential Concern and Identifying Potential Mixture Effects in Great Lakes Tributaries Using Passive Samplers. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2023 Feb;42(2):340-366. doi: 10.1002/etc.5491. Epub 2022 Dec 23. PMID: 36165576; PMCID: PMC10107608.". This dataset is associated with the following publication: Loken, L., S. Corsi, D. Alvarez, G. Ankley, A. Baldwin, B. Blackwell, L. DeCicco, M. Nott, S. Oliver, and D. Villeneuve. Prioritizing Pesticides of Potential Concern and Identifying Potential Mixture Effects in Great Lakes Tributaries Using Passive Samplers. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Pensacola, FL, USA, 42(2): 340-366, (2023).

Dissolved pesticides were measured in weekly water samples from 100 wadeable freshwater streams across eleven states in the Midwestern U.S. during May-August, 2013, as part of the Midwest Stream Quality Assessment study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Project. Of the 100 stream sites, 12 were urban indicator sites and the remaining 88 sites were located along an agricultural gradient of watershed land use. Twelve depth- and width-integrated water samples were collected at each site within the 14-week study period. Water samples were filtered (0.7 micrometers) and analyzed for 227 pesticide compounds by direct-injection liquid chromatography with tandem mass-spectrometry, and for glyphosate by Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay in a separate analysis. Potential aquatic toxicity was evaluated using the Pesticide Toxicity Index and by comparison to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency aquatic-life benchmarks. This data release provides sampling site locations, method information, summaries of quality-control data, and concentration data for pesticide compounds in environmental weekly water samples, in support of the journal article, "Complex mixtures of dissolved pesticides show potential aquatic toxicity in a synoptic study of Midwestern U.S. streams," by Nowell, L.H., Moran, P.W., Schmidt, T., Norman, J.E., Nakagaki, N., Shoda, M.E., Mahler, B.J., Van Metre, P.C., Stone, W.W., Sandstrom, M.W., and Hladik, M.L.

Dissolved pesticides were measured in weekly water samples from 100 wadeable freshwater streams across eleven states in the Midwestern U.S. during May-August, 2013, as part of the Midwest Stream Quality Assessment study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Project. Of the 100 stream sites, 12 were urban indicator sites and the remaining 88 sites were located along an agricultural gradient of watershed land use. Twelve depth- and width-integrated water samples were collected at each site within the 14-week study period. Water samples were filtered (0.7 micrometers) and analyzed for 227 pesticide compounds by direct-injection liquid chromatography with tandem mass-spectrometry, and for glyphosate by Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay in a separate analysis. Potential aquatic toxicity was evaluated using the Pesticide Toxicity Index and by comparison to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency aquatic-life benchmarks. This data release provides sampling site locations, method information, summaries of quality-control data, and concentration data for pesticide compounds in environmental weekly water samples, in support of the journal article, “Complex mixtures of dissolved pesticides show potential aquatic toxicity in a synoptic study of Midwestern U.S. streams,” by Nowell, L.H., Moran, P.W., Schmidt, T., Norman, J.E., Nakagaki, N., Shoda, M.E., Mahler, B.J., Van Metre, P.C., Stone, W.W., Sandstrom, M.W., and Hladik, M.L.

These datasets are one component of the multistressor studies conducted in Midwest streams in 2013 (MSQA) and in Southeast streams in 2014 (SESQA) by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Project. High-frequency small-volume autosamplers were deployed at 7 sites each in MSQA and SESQA that collected daily and weekly composite water samples, which were analyzed for 225 pesticides and pesticide degradates. Five of the MSQA autosampler sites were in agricultural watersheds and two in urban watersheds, whereas all seven SESQA autosampler sites were in urban watersheds. The daily and weekly composite samples were compared with results from traditional discrete water samples collected weekly at the sites. Mixtures of pesticides were present in most samples and the Pesticide Toxicity Index (PTI) and acute invertebrate benchmarks were used to evaluate the potential for acute invertebrate toxicity of mixtures. This Data Release provides concentration data for pesticide compounds in environmental weekly and daily composite water samples, pesticide analyte information, summaries of quality control data, and PTI scores, in support of the journal article “Daily-composite stream samples reveal highly complex pesticide occurrence and potential toxicity to aquatic life,” by Norman, J.E., Mahler, B.J., Nowell, L.H., Van Metre, P.C., Sandstrom, M.W., Corbin, M.A., Qian, Y., Pankow, J.F., Luo, W., Fitzgerald, N.B., Asher, W.E., and McWhirter, K.J.

These datasets are one component of the multistressor studies conducted in Midwest streams in 2013 (MSQA) and in Southeast streams in 2014 (SESQA) by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Project. High-frequency small-volume autosamplers were deployed at 7 sites each in MSQA and SESQA that collected daily and weekly composite water samples, which were analyzed for 225 pesticides and pesticide degradates. Five of the MSQA autosampler sites were in agricultural watersheds and two in urban watersheds, whereas all seven SESQA autosampler sites were in urban watersheds. The daily and weekly composite samples were compared with results from traditional discrete water samples collected weekly at the sites. Mixtures of pesticides were present in most samples and the Pesticide Toxicity Index (PTI) and acute invertebrate benchmarks were used to evaluate the potential for acute invertebrate toxicity of mixtures. This Data Release provides concentration data for pesticide compounds in environmental weekly and daily composite water samples, pesticide analyte information, summaries of quality control data, and PTI scores, in support of the journal article “Daily-composite stream samples reveal highly complex pesticide occurrence and potential toxicity to aquatic life,” by Norman, J.E., Mahler, B.J., Nowell, L.H., Van Metre, P.C., Sandstrom, M.W., Corbin, M.A., Qian, Y., Pankow, J.F., Luo, W., Fitzgerald, N.B., Asher, W.E., and McWhirter, K.J.

This dataset contains estimated time-weighted average water concentrations of pesticides sampled using polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) samples.

Dissolved pesticides were measured in weekly water samples from 100 wadeable streams across eleven states in the Midwestern U.S. during May-August, 2013, as part of the Midwest Stream Quality Assessment study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Project. Of the 100 stream sites, 12 were urban indicator sites and the remaining 88 sites were located along an agricultural gradient of watershed land use. Twelve depth- and width-integrated samples were collected at each site within the 14-week study period. Water samples were filtered (0.7 micrometers) and analyzed for 227 pesticide compounds by direct-injection liquid chromatography with tandem mass-spectrometry, and for glyphosate by Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay (ELISA) in a separate analysis. Potential aquatic toxicity was evaluated using the Pesticide Toxicity Index and by comparison to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency aquatic-life benchmarks. A mesocosm experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the insecticide imidacloprid on natural stream communities transported to experimental streams in the laboratory, where they were exposed to imidacloprid under controlled conditions. This Data Release provides sampling site locations and watershed characteristics, pesticide analyte information, agricultural pesticide use data, summaries of quality control data, concentration data for pesticide compounds in environmental weekly water samples, and a summary of invertebrate metrics and imidacloprid concentration data from the mesocosm study, in support of the journal article, "Complex mixtures of dissolved pesticides show potential aquatic toxicity in a synoptic study of Midwestern U.S. streams," by Nowell, L.H., Moran, P.W., Schmidt, T., Norman, J.E., Nakagaki, N., Shoda, M.E., Mahler, B.J., Van Metre, P.C., Stone, W.W., Sandstrom, M.W., and Hladik, M.L.

Dissolved pesticides were measured in weekly water samples from 100 wadeable streams across eleven states in the Midwestern U.S. during May-August, 2013, as part of the Midwest Stream Quality Assessment study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Project. Of the 100 stream sites, 12 were urban indicator sites and the remaining 88 sites were located along an agricultural gradient of watershed land use. Twelve depth- and width-integrated samples were collected at each site within the 14-week study period. Water samples were filtered (0.7 micrometers) and analyzed for 227 pesticide compounds by direct-injection liquid chromatography with tandem mass-spectrometry, and for glyphosate by Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay (ELISA) in a separate analysis. Potential aquatic toxicity was evaluated using the Pesticide Toxicity Index and by comparison to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency aquatic-life benchmarks. A mesocosm experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the insecticide imidacloprid on natural stream communities transported to experimental streams in the laboratory, where they were exposed to imidacloprid under controlled conditions. This Data Release provides sampling site locations and watershed characteristics, pesticide analyte information, agricultural pesticide use data, summaries of quality control data, concentration data for pesticide compounds in environmental weekly water samples, and a summary of invertebrate metrics and imidacloprid concentration data from the mesocosm study, in support of the journal article, “Complex mixtures of dissolved pesticides show potential aquatic toxicity in a synoptic study of Midwestern U.S. streams,” by Nowell, L.H., Moran, P.W., Schmidt, T., Norman, J.E., Nakagaki, N., Shoda, M.E., Mahler, B.J., Van Metre, P.C., Stone, W.W., Sandstrom, M.W., and Hladik, M.L.