This data release contains two tabular data files. PMRW_Daily_Runoff_Precipitation_WY86to19.csv contains daily mean runoff total daily precipitation from the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Stockbridge, Ga. for water years 1986-2019, and the associated data quality and edit codes for each day. Detailed descriptions of each edit code for precipitation and stream stage data are included separately in the PMRW_EditCodes_Daily_Runoff_Precipitation_WY86to19.csv dataset.

Data used to estimate monthly water budgets at Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Panola Mountain State Park, Stockbridge, Ga. for water years 1986–2015. Data include: (1) hourly air temperature and solar radiation data used to calculate potential evapotranspiration using the Priestly-Taylor equation; (2) unit-value streamwater stage and streamflow; (3) unit-value base flow determined from a hydrography separation using the Eckhardt filter, (4) daily water budgets components, and; (5) edit code descriptions for streamwater stage and precipitation data for items 2 and 4.

This dataset contains hourly average groundwater level time-series for 19 monitoring wells at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed (PMRW) from January 2001 to October 2002. The data was used in a hydrologic modeling study to test a model formulation that allowed for bi-direction fluxes between groundwater and surface water in a bucket type hydrologic model. Some wells had missing data so record lengths were not equal. The water level data were quality controlled; unexplained peaks and shifts were removed, and these periods were indicated as having no data. The modeling study used average water level data from the riparian area and from the entire catchment for calibration. Riparian groundwater levels were calculated from the 13 riparian wells, while catchment average groundwater levels were calculated from the averages of levels from the riparian (n=13) and hillslope (n=6) wells, weighted based on the proportion of their landscape unit areas in the catchment (0.83 for hillslopes and 0.17 for riparian areas). Modeling required continuous record of water levels, so levels from each well were scaled based on their minimum and maximum levels measured during the period. Hourly riparian and catchment averages were then calculated from these scaled values, thereby, utilizing all available water level observations. Well levels were reported from the bottom of the well to facilitate this scaling, but levels can be converted to depth to water table below land surface using the provided well construction specifications. In addition to the groundwater level time series, the dataset also contains hourly time series of average streamflow at two locations at PMRW (outlet of the 10 ha Upper catchment and the 41 ha Lower catchment), total precipitation and average temperature for the January 2001 to October 2003 period. The longer period for these data were used for model verification.

These data represent time-series of water table depth from nine monitoring wells, soil moisture from three depths at a single monitoring location, and meteorological data from a weather station at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed (PMRW) in Rockdale County Georgia. Water-level data were logged at a 5 minute interval. In total, the data span from April 2017 to April 2020 but some wells did not get instrumented with pressure transducers until May 2018 so there are some minor differences in record length. Soil moisture spans from April 2017 to October 2019 and data is presented as hourly average volumetric water content at each depth. Meteorological data spans from April 2017 to October 2019 and is presented as hourly averages, or hourly total, in the case of precipitation. The study associated with these data focused on the growing season only and specifically rain-free days. Data from April 15 to October 30 each year were highly scrutinized, and any data spikes were removed from the record. Data during the dormant season (NOV - MAR) and beyond October 2019 did not receive the same level of scrutiny because it was not the focus of the study. Dormant season water level date was still adjusted (if necessary) based on manual water level tape down measurements but no further adjustments or QAQC was performed. Further, these data were plotted, and no gross errors were noticed. We are providing the full time-series as these data will likely be more useful to others than just the rain-free periods we focused on. Users of the data are highly encouraged to thoroughly explore the data, especially during the dormant season, before use. This data release contains three tabular data files each with an associated metadata file. The data files are: 1.) Water level and water temperature data from nine monitoring wells; 2.) Meteorological data and soil moisture, and; 3.) latitude and longitude of the data collection sites included in this data release.

We apply a monthly water-balance model (MWBM) to simulate components of the water balance for the period 1950-2099 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 for the Greater Yellowstone Climate Assessment. We use the statistically downscaled MACAv2-METDATA temperature and precipitation data from 20 GCMs from the Climate Model Intercomparison Program Phase 5 (CMIP5) as input to the water balance model. The statistically downscaled dataset is: MACAv2-METDATA: Multivariate Adaptive Constructed Analogs (Abatzoglou & Brown, 2012, bias corrected by METDATA, Abatzoglou, 2013) Users interested in the downscaled temperature and precipitation files are referred to the dataset home page: MACAv2-METDATA: http://maca.northwestknowledge.net The 20 included GCMs are: bcc-csm1-1-m, bcc-csm1-1, BNU-ESM, CanESM2, CCSM4, CNRM-CM5, CSIRO-Mk3-6-0, GFDL-ESM2G, GFDL-ESM2M, HadGEM2 CC365, HadGEM2-ES365, inmcm4, IPSL-CM5A-LR, IPSL CM5A-MR, IPSL-CM5B-LR, MIROC5, MIROC-ESM, MIROC ESM CHEM, MRI-CGCM3, NorESM1-M

,The Southern Great Plains 1997 (SGP97) Hydrology Experiment originated from an interdisciplinary investigation, "Soil Moisture Mapping at Satellite Temporal and Spatial Scales" (PI: Thomas J. Jackson, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD) selected under the NASA Research Announcement 95-MTPE-03. The region selected for investigation is the best instrumented site for surface soil moisture, hydrology and meteorology in the world. This includes the USDA/ARS Little Washita Watershed, the USDA/ARS facility at El Reno, Oklahoma, the ARM/CART central facility, as well as the Oklahoma Mesonet. The National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) Summary of the Day Co-operative Precipitation Dataset is one of several surface precipitation datasets provided in the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Continental-Scale International Project (GCIP) by UCAR/JOSS. The primary thrust of the cooperative observing program is the recording of 24-hour precipitation amounts. The observations are for the 24-hour period ending at the time of observation. Observer convenience or special program needs mean that observing times vary from station to station. However, the vast majority of observations are taken near either 7:00 AM or 7:00 PM local time. The National Weather Service (NWS) Cooperative Observer Daily Precipitation dataset was formed by extracting the daily incremental precipitation values provided in the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) TD 3200 dataset. The Daily Precipitation data set contains six metadata parameters and four data parameters. The metadata parameters describe the station location and time at which the data were collected. The four data parameters repeat once for each day in the monthly record. Every record has 31 days reported, regardless of the actual number of days in the month. For months with less than 31 days, the extra days are reported as missing (i.e., '-999.99 7 M'). Each 24 hour precipitation value has an associated observation hour. The observation hour is the ending UTC hour for the 24 hour period for which the precipitation value is valid.,

,The Southern Great Plains 1997 (SGP97) Hydrology Experiment originated from an interdisciplinary investigation, "Soil Moisture Mapping at Satellite Temporal and Spatial Scales" (PI: Thomas J. Jackson, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD) selected under the NASA Research Announcement 95-MTPE-03. The NESOB 1997 Daily Precipitation Composite is one of several precipitation datasets provided in the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Continental-Scale International Project (GCIP) Near-Surface Observation Data Set (NESOB) 1997. This precipitation composite is composed of data from several sources (i.e., National Weather Service (NWS) Cooperative Observers, National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), and the daily precipitation data extracted from the NESOB 1997 Hourly Precipitation Composite). Data from these sources were quality controlled and merged to form this precipitation composite. After the datasets were merged to form the NESOB 1997 Daily Precipitation Composite, a statistics program was executed to ensure that the quality of the individual datasets had been retained. This composite contains data for the NESOB 1997 domain (approximately 94.5 W to 100.5 W longitude and 34 N to 39 N latitude) and time period (01 April 1997 through 31 March 1998). The NCEP Daily Precipitation dataset was formed by extracting incremental precipitation values. The value reported for any daily observation represents data collected during the previous 24 hours. The Daily Precipitation Composite contains six metadata parameters and four data parameters. The metadata parameters describe the station location and time at which the data were collected. The four data parameters repeat once for each day in the monthly record. Every record has 31 days reported, regardless of the actual number of days in the month. For months with less than 31 days, the extra days are reported as missing (i.e., '-999.99 7 M'). Each 24 hour precipitation value has an associated observation hour. The observation hour is the ending UTC hour for the 24 hour period for which the precipitation value is valid.,

This data release contains daily gridded data reflecting surface water input from rainfall, rain on snow (mixed), and snowmelt for the conterminous United States for water years 1990 to 2023 (1990/10/01 to 2023/09/30). This release also contains annual estimates of gridded input seasonality (an index reflecting whether surface water input occurs within a concentrated period or is equally distributed throughout the year), precipitation seasonality, average snowmelt, rainfall and rain on snow rates, and finally, annual totals of each input type. Average snowmelt, rainfall and rain on snow rates were computed using days where values were greater than zero. Daily data were generated using precipitation input from the gridMET dataset (Abatzoglou, 2013) and the University of Arizona snow water equivalent product (Broxton et al., 2019). Abatzoglou, J. T. (2013), Development of gridded surface meteorological data for ecological applications and modelling. Int. J. Climatol., 33: 121–131. Broxton, P., X. Zeng, and N. Dawson. (2019). Daily 4 km Gridded SWE and Snow Depth from Assimilated In-Situ and Modeled Data over the Conterminous US, Version 1. Boulder, Colorado USA. NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/0GGPB220EX6A.

,The Southern Great Plains 1997 (SGP97) Hydrology Experiment originated from an interdisciplinary investigation, "Soil Moisture Mapping at Satellite Temporal and Spatial Scales" (PI: Thomas J. Jackson, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD) selected under the NASA Research Announcement 95-MTPE-03. The Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Continental-scale International Project (GCIP) Enhanced Observing Period (EOP) takes place in the Mississippi River basin, which provides a number of watershed areas that are potentially useful for hydrologic focused studies. The temporal coverage for this dataset is as follows: Begin datetime: 1997-04-23 00:00:00, End datetime: 2001-12-31 23:59:59. This dataset contains the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) 4 KM GRIB radar estimate after bias removal ("UBR") data. A prototype, real-time, hourly, multi-sensor National Preciptation Analysis (NPA) has been developed at NCEP in cooperation with the Office of Hydrology (OH). This analysis merges two data sources that are currently being collected in real-time by OH and NCEP. Hourly digital precipitation (HDP) radar estimates are created by the WSR-88D Radar Product Generator on a 131 X 131 4-km grid centered over each radar site. Data analysis routines, including a bias correction of the radar estimates using rain gage data, have been adapted by NCEP on a national 4-km grid from algorithms developed by OH and executed regionally at NWS River Forecast Centers (RFC). This dataset only contains the NCEP 4 KM GRIB Data hourly, 6-hourly, and daily radar estimate after bias removal. 6-hourly data are generally available at 00Z, 06Z, 12Z, and 18Z. Daily data are generally available at 12Z. Depending on the time period selected, all three datasets may or may not be available. Other NCEP 4 KM GRIB Data including gage-only analysis, multi-sensor analysis (gage and unbiased radar), radar estimate (no bias removal), and gage-only analysis using 24h accumulated ("RFC") data are available as independent datasets. Depending on the time period selected, all five types may or may not be available. Please see GCIP/EOP: Surface NCEP Ancillary Catalogue of Available GCIP Precipitation Data (NCEP/EMC). The format of the files is GRIB. The files are compressed using the UNIX "compress" command and "uncompress" must be used before decoding.,