Thermokarst lake water temperature and salinity data were collected in 2011 in the vicinity of Arey Lagoon and Barter Island, Alaska. Pond temperatures and salinity (conductivity) were measured along two transects traversing across a wet sedge area. A hand-held YSI 556 MPS (plus or minus 0.5 percent accuracy) with a cable-attached instrument probe was placed in 10-15 cm of water within 1 m of each of the pond edges and allowed to equilibrate, and readings were recorded manually. In all, 35 ponds were sampled over a distance of approximately 1.5 km.

Time-series measurements of waves, currents, water levels, sea surface temperatures, ocean salinity, and water, air, and ground temperatures were collected in July through September 2011 in and around Arey Lagoon, near Barter Island, Alaska. Directional wave spectra, currents, water levels, salinity, and bottom and surface water temperatures were measured with a bottom-mounted 1MHz Nortek AWAC, HOBO temperature loggers, and a Solinst Levelogger in ~5m water depth offshore of Arey Island. Within Arey Lagoon, a bottom-mounted frame equipped with a Nortek 1MHz Aquadopp, Solinst Levelogger, and HOBO temperature loggers measured currents, water levels, and water temperatures. Ground temperatures (maximum depth 3 meters below the surface), were measured with HOBO temperature loggers and EMS iButtons at incremental depths across a tundra bluff, within a wet sedge region, and on the Arey Island island surrounding Arey Lagoon. This metadata describes the sea-surface water temperature data that were collected. Data summaries and further details can be found in Erikson and others, 2020.

Time-series measurements of waves, currents, water levels, sea surface temperatures, ocean salinity, and water, air, and ground temperatures were collected in July through September 2011 in and around Arey Lagoon, near Barter Island, Alaska. Directional wave spectra, currents, water levels, salinity, and bottom and surface water temperatures were measured with a bottom-mounted 1MHz Nortek AWAC, HOBO temperature loggers, and a Solinst Levelogger in ~5m water depth offshore of Arey Island. Within Arey Lagoon, a bottom-mounted frame equipped with a Nortek 1MHz Aquadopp, Solinst Levelogger, and HOBO temperature loggers measured currents, water levels, and water temperatures. Ground temperatures (maximum depth 3 meters below the surface), were measured with HOBO temperature loggers and EMS iButtons at incremental depths across a tundra bluff, within a wet sedge region, and on the Arey Island island surrounding Arey Lagoon. This metadata describes the sea-surface water temperature data that were collected. Data summaries and further details can be found in Erikson and others, 2020.

Time-series measurements of waves, currents, water levels, sea surface temperatures, ocean salinity, and water, air, and ground temperatures were collected in July through September 2011 in and around Arey Lagoon, near Barter Island, Alaska. Directional wave spectra, currents, water levels, salinity, and bottom and surface water temperatures were measured with a bottom-mounted 1MHz Nortek AWAC, HOBO temperature loggers, and a Solinst Levelogger in ~5m water depth offshore of Arey Island. Within Arey Lagoon, a bottom-mounted frame equipped with a Nortek 1MHz Aquadopp, Solinst Levelogger, and HOBO temperature loggers measured currents, water levels, and water temperatures. Ground temperatures (maximum depth 3 meters below the surface), were measured with HOBO temperature loggers and EMS iButtons at incremental depths across a tundra bluff, within a wet sedge region, and on the Arey Island island surrounding Arey Lagoon. This metadata describes the ground temperature measurements that were collected. Data summaries and further details can be found in Erikson and others, 2020.

This data release includes remotely sensed lake and lake chemistry and water temperature data collected from 2011 to 2014) from a series of lakes on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska. Most of the data is from two sites within the Chipp River Basin.

Time-series measurements of waves, currents, water levels, sea surface temperatures, ocean salinity, and water, air, and ground temperatures were collected in July through September 2011 in and around Arey Lagoon, near Barter Island, Alaska. Directional wave spectra, currents, water levels, salinity, and bottom and surface water temperatures were measured with a bottom-mounted 1MHz Nortek AWAC, HOBO temperature loggers, and a Solinst Levelogger in ~5m water depth offshore of Arey Island. Within Arey Lagoon, a bottom-mounted frame equipped with a Nortek 1MHz Aquadopp, Solinst Levelogger, and HOBO temperature loggers measured currents, water levels, and water temperatures. Ground temperatures (maximum depth 3 meters below the surface), were measured with HOBO temperature loggers and EMS iButtons at incremental depths across a tundra bluff, within a wet sedge region, and on the Arey Island island surrounding Arey Lagoon. This metadata file describes the conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) measurements that were collected, and the salinity that was calculated from the conductivity. Data summaries and further details can be found in Erikson and others, 2020.

Time-series measurements of waves, currents, water levels, sea surface temperatures, ocean salinity, and water, air, and ground temperatures were collected in July through September 2011 in and around Arey Lagoon, near Barter Island, Alaska. Directional wave spectra, currents, water levels, salinity, and bottom and surface water temperatures were measured with a bottom-mounted 1MHz Nortek AWAC, HOBO temperature loggers, and a Solinst Levelogger in ~5m water depth offshore of Arey Island. Within Arey Lagoon, a bottom-mounted frame equipped with a Nortek 1MHz Aquadopp, Solinst Levelogger, and HOBO temperature loggers measured currents, water levels, and water temperatures. Ground temperatures (maximum depth 3 meters below the surface), were measured with HOBO temperature loggers and EMS iButtons at incremental depths across a tundra bluff, within a wet sedge region, and on the Arey Island island surrounding Arey Lagoon. This metadata file describes the conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) measurements that were collected, and the salinity that was calculated from the conductivity. Data summaries and further details can be found in Erikson and others, 2020.

1999 to 2023 surface temperature and salinity measured along the track of commercial ships, mostly between Montreal (Quebec) and St. John's (Newfoundland). Monitoring of surface water conditions in the Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence is carried out with different complementary methods such as thermosalinographs (TSG) installed on commercial ships. These ships are sailing all year long from Montreal to St. John’s, one round trip per week, and are sampling water near the surface (3 to 8 meters deep) to determine the temperature and salinity all along the route. Purpose The recorded data are used as input to numerical forecasting models for sea ice conditions and as a monitoring tool for the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Annual reports are available at the Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS), (http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/csas-sccs/index-eng.htm). Galbraith, P.S., Chassé, J., Caverhill, C., Nicot, P., Gilbert, D., Lefaivre, D. and Lafleur, C. 2018. Physical Oceanographic Conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence during 2017. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2018/050. v + 79 p.

This is the global ocean climatological dataset of 17 thermohaline parameters along with 2 identity-indices for determining isothermal layer (ITL) depth (ILD) and mixed layer depth (MLD) from gridded (0.25 degree, 1 degree, 5 degree) temperature and salinity fields of the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) world ocean atlas 2023. The exponential leap-forward gradient method is used to identify (ILD, MLD) as well as mean thermocline and pycnocline gradients at each horizontal grid point. With the given (ILD, MLD) and mean thermocline and pycnocline gradients, other parameters such as ITL heat content, mixed layer fresh-water content, ITL temperature, mixed layer density, temperature jump, density jump, maximum thermocline gradient, thermocline depth, temperature at thermocline depth, maximum density gradient, pycnocline depth, density at pycnocline depth, ILD minus MLD. The quality measure (I- index) is provided. The data of (ILD, MLD, as well as their derived parameters) are flagged out with the I-index smaller than 0.5. All derived parameters are calculated from WOA-2023 objectively analyzed profile data. Results are in NetCDF.

Time-series measurements of waves, currents, water levels, sea surface temperatures, ocean salinity, and water, air, and ground temperatures were collected in July through September 2011 in and around Arey Lagoon, near Barter Island, Alaska. Directional wave spectra, currents, water levels, salinity, and bottom and surface water temperatures were measured with a bottom-mounted 1MHz Nortek AWAC, HOBO temperature loggers, and a Solinst Levelogger in ~5m water depth offshore of Arey Island. Within Arey Lagoon, a bottom-mounted frame equipped with a Nortek 1MHz Aquadopp, Solinst Levelogger, and HOBO temperature loggers measured currents, water levels, and water temperatures. Ground temperatures (maximum depth 3 meters below the surface), were measured with HOBO temperature loggers and EMS iButtons at incremental depths across a tundra bluff, within a wet sedge region, and on the Arey Island island surrounding Arey Lagoon. This metadata describes the current-velocity data that were collected. Data summaries and further details can be found in Erikson and others, 2020.