This model archive documents the Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model used to simulate potential recharge for portions of Pennsylvania and Maryland from 2000 to 2021. The Pennsylvania and Maryland SWB model was used to create output at a 250 meter grid scale. Model parameters were adjusted using baseflow estimates from 36 reference watersheds varying in area from 0.37 to 817 square miles. The simulations were used to create 21-year grids of annual potential recharge and evapotranspiration, and the sensitivity of the model to parameter adjustments. The model archive includes all the files used in the sensitivity model runs, which are described in the accompanying Scientific Investigations Report 2022-5054. The directory structure of the model archive contains all the files needed to document and run the model. The directories in the archive are presented each as a separate .zip file and include an "ancillary" directory, a "bin" directory, a "georef" directory, a "model directory, an "output" directory, and a "source" directory. There is a README file describing all the files and directories in the archive and information on how to run the model. Each primary folder also contains a README file describing the contents.

A Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model was developed to estimate annual recharge and evapotranspiration (ET) for Fauquier County, Virginia, for the period 1996 through 2015. The model was developed as part of a study to assess groundwater availability in the fractured-rock aquifers underlying Fauquier County. The model is documented in the associated report, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5056. The model was calibrated by comparing annual base-flow estimates from the hydrograph separation technique PART to annual recharge estimates from the SWB model for available years of streamflow record at two sites (01643700 and 01656000) within the model area. Selected SWB model parameters were adjusted to improve model fit. The calibration procedure is documented in USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5056, and calibration results are included in the calibration.xlsx spreadsheet included in this archive. This data release is broken into several files to reduce the likelihood of download timeouts. Small files (modelgeoref.txt, readme.txt, and this metadata document) are available for download as uncompressed files. Other model archive data are included in several compressed files. For more information about the files available for download in this data release, see the readme.txt file in this archive and the distribution section of this metadata document.

A Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model was developed to estimate annual recharge and evapotranspiration (ET) for Fauquier County, Virginia, for the period 1996 through 2015. The model was developed as part of a study to assess groundwater availability in the fractured-rock aquifers underlying Fauquier County. The model is documented in the associated report, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5056. The model was calibrated by comparing annual base-flow estimates from the hydrograph separation technique PART to annual recharge estimates from the SWB model for available years of streamflow record at two sites (01643700 and 01656000) within the model area. Selected SWB model parameters were adjusted to improve model fit. The calibration procedure is documented in USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5056, and calibration results are included in the calibration.xlsx spreadsheet included in this archive. This data release is broken into several files to reduce the likelihood of download timeouts. Small files (modelgeoref.txt, readme.txt, and this metadata document) are available for download as uncompressed files. Other model archive data are included in several compressed files. For more information about the files available for download in this data release, see the readme.txt file in this archive and the distribution section of this metadata document.

This model archive makes available the calibrated Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model used to simulate upland recharge from infiltration of precipitation and snowmelt in the Harney Basin, Oregon, 1982-2016. The model was calibrated using annual values of runoff, evapotranspiration, and baseflow for eight watersheds in the basin. The Harney Basin SWB model was used to create output at the scale of 1-kilometer grid cells. The simulations were used to create daily grids of potential recharge. The calibrated SWB model and its use is described in the associated U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5128 (Garcia and others, 2022). The directory structure of the model archive contains all the files needed to document and run the model. The directories in the archive are presented each as a separate .zip file and include an "ancillary" directory, a "bin" directory, a "georef" directory, a "model directory, an "output" directory, and a "source" directory. There is a README file describing all the files and directories in the archive and information on how to run the model. Each primary folder also contains a README file describing the contents.

This model archive makes available the calibrated Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model used to simulate upland recharge from infiltration of precipitation and snowmelt in the Harney Basin, Oregon, 1982-2016. The model was calibrated using annual values of runoff, evapotranspiration, and baseflow for eight watersheds in the basin. The Harney Basin SWB model was used to create output at the scale of 1-kilometer grid cells. The simulations were used to create daily grids of potential recharge. The calibrated SWB model and its use is described in the associated U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5128 (Garcia and others, 2022). The directory structure of the model archive contains all the files needed to document and run the model. The directories in the archive are presented each as a separate .zip file and include an "ancillary" directory, a "bin" directory, a "georef" directory, a "model directory, an "output" directory, and a "source" directory. There is a README file describing all the files and directories in the archive and information on how to run the model. Each primary folder also contains a README file describing the contents.

This model archive contains the Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model used to simulate potential mean annual recharge in the Grand Canyon region for 1981 through 2016. The simulated results are described in the associated U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2022-xxxx. The model archive includes all the necessary files to document and run the SWB model and process the results as displayed in the accompanying report. The directories in the archive are presented each as a separate .zip file and include an "ancillary" directory, a "bin" directory, a "georef" directory, a "model directory, an "output" directory, and a "source" directory. There is a README file describing all the files and directories in the archive and information on how to run the model.

This model archive makes available the calibrated Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model used to simulate potential recharge for the State of Maine for 1991 to 2015. The model was calibrated using annual values of runoff, evapotranspiration, and recharge for 32 watersheds in the State. The simulations were used to create 25-year statistical grids of annual potential recharge (mean, median, minimum, and maximum), and the uncertainty around these grids. The calibrated SWB model and its use is described in the associated U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5125. The Maine SWB model was used to create output at two different scales: 250-meter and 500-meter grid cells. The calibration and uncertainty analysis were carried out at the 500-m grid size, and the final model runs were done at the 250-m grid size. The model archive includes all the files used in the calibration and uncertainty runs, which are described in the accompanying Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5125. The directory structure of the model archive contains all the files needed to document and run the model. The directories in the archive are presented each as a separate .zip file and include an "ancillary" directory, a "bin" directory, a "georef" directory, a "model directory, an "output" directory, and a "source" directory. There is a README file describing all the files and directories in the archive and information on how to run the model. Each primary folder also contains a README file describing the contents.

This model archive makes available the U.S. Geological Survey Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model created in support of a groundwater flow model of the former Badger Army Ammunition Plant in Sauk County, Wisconsin. The SWB model provides initial estimates of potential recharge to the groundwater system in the study area, which are used in a calibrated 3-dimensional MODFLOW (modular finite-difference flow) model. The SWB and MODFLOW models run from 1980 to 2020. The model incorporates changing land use, and changes reflecting the decomissioning of the plant (changing urban back to non-urbanized). SWB output is broken up into 50 model timesteps for the MODFLOW model.

This model archive makes available the U.S. Geological Survey Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model created in support of a groundwater flow model of the former Badger Army Ammunition Plant in Sauk County, Wisconsin. The SWB model provides initial estimates of potential recharge to the groundwater system in the study area, which are used in a calibrated 3-dimensional MODFLOW (modular finite-difference flow) model. The SWB and MODFLOW models run from 1980 to 2020. The model incorporates changing land use, and changes reflecting the decomissioning of the plant (changing urban back to non-urbanized). SWB output is broken up into 50 model timesteps for the MODFLOW model.

This model archive provides input and output for Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) models developed for the Central Sands Lake study in central Wisconsin; this archive supplements the technical appendix in a report to the Wisconsin State Legislature written by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) in response to 2017 Wisconsin Act 10. This legislation directed DNR to determine whether existing and potential groundwater withdrawals are causing or are likely to cause significant reduction of mean seasonal water levels at Pleasant Lake, Long Lake, and Plainfield Lake (s. 281.34(7m)(2)(b), Wis. Stats.) in Waushara County, Wisconsin. The Soil-Water-Balance code (Westenbroek and others, 2018) partitions precipitation into rainfall and snowmelt, simulates the change in soil moisture within the root zone of crops and other vegetation, and estimates potential crop irrigation water requirements based on the needs of the vegetation. The amount of water escaping the root zone of plants (net infiltration or potential recharge) and the estimated crop water demand were fed into a related groundwater flow model in order to evaluate how landscape-level changes in crop type and irrigation requirements end up affecting groundwater and lake levels over time. The associated groundwater flow model is contained in a separate ScienceBase archive (https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BVFSGJ). The period of 2012-2018 was used for parameter estimation (synonymously referred to as "history matching") for the groundwater models. This time period was chosen because it includes the most complete water use records to simulate groundwater withdrawals. The SWB2 model run for this period (called 'regional' under the directory that contains simulation scenarios, run at a resolution of 100m) was used to supply only net infiltration (potential recharge) values to the groundwater flow model. History matching was performed using groundwater elevations, lake stages, and streamflow observations over the 2012-2018 time period and processed observations derived from those raw data. A set of lower-resolution (200m) scenario runs were made to support the WDNR in their charge to evaluate the impact of water withdrawals on lake elevations. Three scenarios were created, driven by daily weather data as estimated by PRISM data (PRISM Climate Group, 2020) spanning the period 1981 to 2018. These scenarios, although based on real daily weather data, rely on three synthetic sets of input data and therefore should not be viewed as representing any specific time period. The scenarios represent: 1) 'current irrigation', in which land-use patterns and irrigation mask inputs are statistically generated based on the current frequency of crop rotations; 2) 'no irrigation, pre-development land-use', in which agricultural lands are converted to some non-irrigated agriculture or other non-agricultural land-use; 3) 'full development', where all lands with potential use for agricultural purposes (appropriate drainage and slope, for example) are converted to land-use and irrigation masks in a manner similar to scenario 1 development. The assumptions behind the scenario generation are detailed in Fienen and others, 2021.