This data set contains auditory evoked potentials for four species of invasive carp; silver carp, black carp, grass carp, bighead carp, as well as goldfish (100-150 millimeters in total length) and behavioral thresholds on goldfish in a tank (dimensions 240 centimeters X 100 centimeters; depth of 25 centimeters) at the Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO USA. Ambient sound and experimental tones were recorded using a hydrophone (STD 300; Ocean Instruments, Auckland, NZ) located where fish were placed in the experimental setup. Auditory evoked potentials were collected using a signal processor and bioamplifier (RZ6 and 4Z, Tucker-Davis Technology, Florida, USA) and recorded using the BioSigRZ software (Tucker-Davis Technology, Florida, USA). The stimulus was 100 ms tone bursts at 300, 500, 800, 1000, and 1500 Hz with a cosine-squared gate and 10 ms rise and fall time. Behavioral thresholds were collected for goldfish. To determine threshold, tones were presented to a conditioned fish beginning at approximately 30 decibels (dB) re 1 micropascal above the expected threshold. Each time the goldfish showed detection (suppressing respiration), the tone was lowered by 10 dB. When the fish did not respond, the tone level was increased by 5 dB for a final presentation. Water temperature of the tank was collected with a data logger (HOBO data logger, OnSet, Massachusetts, USA).