Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were collected in summer 2018 to support hydrogeologic characterization of the alluvial aquifer. For this investigation, 7 surveys were conducted with ERT methods. At each site three surveys were collected, including dipole-dipole (DD), Wenner-Schlumberger (WS), and Inverse Schlumberger (SI )configurations. For each survey a total of 56 electrodes spaced 5-meters (m) apart were used. During the ERT measurement, current is injected through two current electrodes and voltage is measured sequentially across multiple pairs of potential electrodes, which is used to determine the apparent resistivity of the subsurface. Results were combined into a merged dataset. ERT surveys can be inverted to obtain resistivity profiles that can be interpreted for subsurface layers. This data release provides only the raw ERT data and the resultant inversion model. This data release contains a notes file for archiving surface-geophysical data (ERT_Archive_Notes_DesMoinesIA.csv), a text file (readme_ERT.txt) explaining the data files and processing references, and a color scale file (ERT_colorscale.png) relating colors to resistivity values. This data release also contains 7 compressed zip folders (one for each survey line) containing the original instrument files (windows command scripts, .crs, and .stg). There is a windows command script, a .crs, and a .stg file for each configuration: dipole-dipole (DD), Wenner-Schlumberger (WS), and Inverse Schlumberger (SI), two .xyz files (raw data culled and inverted data), and inverted model output image for each survey line (.wmf). Field notes taken at the time of data collection are not included in this data release but are available upon request.

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were collected in April 2015 to support hydrogeologic characterization of the alluvial aquifer and to assess the suitability of larger-scale airborne geophysics. For this investigation, five sites were surveyed with ERT methods. At each site three surveys were collected, including: dipole-dipole, Schlumberger, and inverse Schlumberger configurations. For each survey a total of 56 electrodes spaced 5-meters (m) apart were used. During the ERT measurement, current is injected through two current electrodes and voltage is measured sequentially across multiple pairs of potential electrodes, which is used to determine the apparent resistivity of the subsurface. Results were combined into a merged dataset. ERT surveys can be inverted to obtain resistivity profiles that can be interpreted for subsurface layers. This data release provides only the raw ERT data.

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were collected in April 2015 to support hydrogeologic characterization of the alluvial aquifer and to assess the suitability of larger-scale airborne geophysics. For this investigation, five sites were surveyed with ERT methods. At each site three surveys were collected, including: dipole-dipole, Schlumberger, and inverse Schlumberger configurations. For each survey a total of 56 electrodes spaced 5-meters (m) apart were used. During the ERT measurement, current is injected through two current electrodes and voltage is measured sequentially across multiple pairs of potential electrodes, which is used to determine the apparent resistivity of the subsurface. Results were combined into a merged dataset. ERT surveys can be inverted to obtain resistivity profiles that can be interpreted for subsurface layers. This data release provides only the raw ERT data.

A suite of geophysical methods was used along the Des Moines River, Beaver Creek, and in the Des Moines River floodplain in Des Moines, Iowa to support the hydrogeologic characterization of the alluvial aquifer associated with the river. The aquifer consists of sands and gravels underlain by weathered shale bedrock. Groundwater from the aquifer along with surface water sources are used for municipal drinking water for the City of Des Moines and surrounding communities. The raw data provided in this data release are minimally processed to filter out erroneous measurements. Data provided in this data release includes continuous resistivity profiling (CRP) and continuous seismic profiling (CSP) that were collected concurrently, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) profiles, and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) passive seismic measurements. The CRP and ERT measure the electrical properties of the subsurface, which can be related to stratigraphic layers. The CRP, ERT, CSP, and HVSR can be used to estimate depth to bedrock. Collectively, the suite of methods can help characterize the subsurface by mapping the extent of the sand and gravel aquifer and bedrock topography.

A suite of geophysical methods was used along the Des Moines River, Beaver Creek, and in the Des Moines River floodplain in Des Moines, Iowa to support the hydrogeologic characterization of the alluvial aquifer associated with the river. The aquifer consists of sands and gravels underlain by weathered shale bedrock. Groundwater from the aquifer along with surface water sources are used for municipal drinking water for the City of Des Moines and surrounding communities. The raw data provided in this data release are minimally processed to filter out erroneous measurements. Data provided in this data release includes continuous resistivity profiling (CRP) and continuous seismic profiling (CSP) that were collected concurrently, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) profiles, and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) passive seismic measurements. The CRP and ERT measure the electrical properties of the subsurface, which can be related to stratigraphic layers. The CRP, ERT, CSP, and HVSR can be used to estimate depth to bedrock. Collectively, the suite of methods can help characterize the subsurface by mapping the extent of the sand and gravel aquifer and bedrock topography.

In June 2017, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected geophysical measurements to help map variations in electrical properties to infer shallow flowpaths and storage zones influenced by residual spilled unconventional oil and gas (UOG). Two survey profiles were collected, each including dipole-dipole and Wenner-Schlumberger configurations. For each survey a total of 56 electrodes spaced 1.0 meter (m) apart were used. During the ERT measurement, current is injected through two current electrodes and voltage is measured sequentially across multiple pairs of potential electrodes; the known current and the measured voltages are used to determine the apparent resistivity of the subsurface. Inverse modeling of ERT survey results provide profiles of resistivity that can be interpreted for subsurface layers. This data release provides the raw ERT data and output from inversion.

In June 2017, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected geophysical measurements to help map variations in electrical properties to infer shallow flowpaths and storage zones influenced by residual spilled unconventional oil and gas (UOG). Two survey profiles were collected, each including dipole-dipole and Wenner-Schlumberger configurations. For each survey a total of 56 electrodes spaced 1.0 meter (m) apart were used. During the ERT measurement, current is injected through two current electrodes and voltage is measured sequentially across multiple pairs of potential electrodes; the known current and the measured voltages are used to determine the apparent resistivity of the subsurface. Inverse modeling of ERT survey results provide profiles of resistivity that can be interpreted for subsurface layers. This data release provides the raw ERT data and output from inversion.

The Cahuilla Valley and Terwilliger Valley groundwater basins, 9-006 and 7-026 respectively (California Department of Water Resources 2016) located approximately 25 miles southwest of Palm Springs, are the sole-source for groundwater supply for the rural disadvantaged community and two Native American Tribes, the Ramona Band of Cahuilla and the Cahuilla. The characteristics and sustainable yield of the Cahuilla Valley and Terwilliger Valley groundwater basins are not well understood and are threatened by increasing water use and potential changes in water sustainability related to climate change. Previous USGS studies of the Cahuilla-Terwilliger Valley groundwater basins defined the thicknesses and characteristics of the alluvial sediments that constitute the main water-bearing unit of the aquifer system and identified where wells completed in the underlying fractured bedrock are located (Moyle, 1976; Landon and others, 2015; Woolfenden and Bright, 1988). However, although the fractured bedrock is an important part of the aquifer system for domestic and some irrigation supply, the thickness and hydraulic characteristics of the fractured bedrock are not well understood (Landon and others, 2015; Moyle 1976). Existing gravity data identified a possible conduit for groundwater flow beneath Cahuilla Creek in the Cahuilla and Durasno Valleys (Landon and others, 2015). Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data was collected in August 2018 to evaluate the cross-sectional depth to bedrock underlying a narrow section of Durasno Valley, and to help select locations for groundwater monitoring wells. Data from two transects were collected perpendicular to Cahuilla Creek, and offset by approximately 600 meters (m).

The Cahuilla Valley and Terwilliger Valley groundwater basins, 9-006 and 7-026 respectively (California Department of Water Resources 2016) located approximately 25 miles southwest of Palm Springs, are the sole-source for groundwater supply for the rural disadvantaged community and two Native American Tribes, the Ramona Band of Cahuilla and the Cahuilla. The characteristics and sustainable yield of the Cahuilla Valley and Terwilliger Valley groundwater basins are not well understood and are threatened by increasing water use and potential changes in water sustainability related to climate change. Previous USGS studies of the Cahuilla-Terwilliger Valley groundwater basins defined the thicknesses and characteristics of the alluvial sediments that constitute the main water-bearing unit of the aquifer system and identified where wells completed in the underlying fractured bedrock are located (Moyle, 1976; Landon and others, 2015; Woolfenden and Bright, 1988). However, although the fractured bedrock is an important part of the aquifer system for domestic and some irrigation supply, the thickness and hydraulic characteristics of the fractured bedrock are not well understood (Landon and others, 2015; Moyle 1976). Existing gravity data identified a possible conduit for groundwater flow beneath Cahuilla Creek in the Cahuilla and Durasno Valleys (Landon and others, 2015). Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data was collected in August 2018 to evaluate the cross-sectional depth to bedrock underlying a narrow section of Durasno Valley, and to help select locations for groundwater monitoring wells. Data from two transects were collected perpendicular to Cahuilla Creek, and offset by approximately 600 meters (m).

The Cahuilla Valley and Terwilliger Valley groundwater basins, 9-006 and 7-026 respectively (California Department of Water Resources 2016) located approximately 25 miles southwest of Palm Springs, are the sole-source for groundwater supply for the rural disadvantaged community and two Native American Tribes, the Ramona Band of Cahuilla and the Cahuilla. The characteristics and sustainable yield of the Cahuilla Valley and Terwilliger Valley groundwater basins are not well understood and are threatened by increasing water use and potential changes in water sustainability related to climate change. Previous USGS studies of the Cahuilla-Terwilliger Valley groundwater basins defined the thicknesses and characteristics of the alluvial sediments that constitute the main water-bearing unit of the aquifer system and identified where wells completed in the underlying fractured bedrock are located (Moyle, 1976; Landon and others, 2015; Woolfenden and Bright, 1988). However, although the fractured bedrock is an important part of the aquifer system for domestic and some irrigation supply, the thickness and hydraulic characteristics of the fractured bedrock are not well understood (Landon and others, 2015; Moyle 1976). Existing gravity data identified a possible conduit for groundwater flow beneath Cahuilla Creek in the Cahuilla and Durasno Valleys (Landon and others, 2015). Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data was collected in August 2018 to evaluate the cross-sectional depth to bedrock underlying a narrow section of Durasno Valley, and to help select locations for groundwater monitoring wells. Data from two transects were collected perpendicular to Cahuilla Creek, and offset by approximately 600 meters (m).