,Improving the quality of water discharged from agricultural watersheds requires comprehensive and adaptive approaches for planning and implementing conservation practices. These measures will need to consider landscape hydrology, distributions of soil types, land cover, and crop distributions in an integrated manner. The two most consistent challenges to these efforts will be consistency and reliability of data, and the capacity to translate conservation planning from watershed to farm and field scales. The translation of scale is required because, while conservation practices can be planned based on a watershed scale framework, they must be implemented by landowners in specific fields and riparian sites that are under private ownership. To support these goals, it has been necessary to develop planning approaches, high-resolution spatial datasets, and conservation practice assessment tools that will allow the agricultural and conservation communities to characterize and mitigate these challenges. The field boundary dataset represents a spatial framework for assembling and maintaining geospatial data to support conservation planning at the scale where conservation practices are implemented.,This field boundaries dataset has been assembled to support field-scale agricultural conservation planning using the USDA/ARS Agricultural Conservation Planning Framework (ACPF). The original data used to create this database are the pre-2008 Farm Bill FSA common land unit (CLU) datasets. A portion of metadata found herein pertains to the USDA FSA CLU. The remaining information has been developed to reflect the repurposing of the data in its aggregated form. It is important to note that all USDA programmatic and ownership information that was associated with the original data have been removed. Beyond that, these data has been extensively edited to reflect crop-specific land use consistent with 2009 land cover as derived from 2009 NASS Crop Data Layer datasets and 2009 aerial photography, and no longer reflects discrete ownership patterns.,The ACPF field boundaries feature class incorporates two additional resources that form the Illinois ACPF Land Use database. The Illinois ACPF Fields Crop History table holds the dominant land use class, derived from the NASS CDL, for individual fields from 2010 to 2020. The Illinois ACPF Land Use table hold summary land use information for individual fields for 2015 to 2020 including an assigned General Land Use (GenLU) that represent the cropping system over that period. In lieu of a data dictionary for these resources, each dataset has a FGDC-compliant metadata file using the North American ISO 19115-2003 profile in .xml format.,For more information about this dataset contact David E. James at davide.james@usda.gov or dejames@iastate.edu,,

,Improving the quality of water discharged from agricultural watersheds requires comprehensive and adaptive approaches for planning and implementing conservation practices. These measures will need to consider landscape hydrology, distributions of soil types, land cover, and crop distributions in an integrated manner. The two most consistent challenges to these efforts will be consistency and reliability of data, and the capacity to translate conservation planning from watershed to farm and field scales. The translation of scale is required because, while conservation practices can be planned based on a watershed scale framework, they must be implemented by landowners in specific fields and riparian sites that are under private ownership. To support these goals, it has been necessary to develop planning approaches, high-resolution spatial datasets, and conservation practice assessment tools that will allow the agricultural and conservation communities to characterize and mitigate these challenges. The field boundary dataset represents a spatial framework for assembling and maintaining geospatial data to support conservation planning at the scale where conservation practices are implemented.,This field boundaries dataset has been assembled to support field-scale agricultural conservation planning using the USDA/ARS Agricultural Conservation Planning Framework (ACPF). The original data used to create this database are the pre-2008 Farm Bill FSA common land unit (CLU) datasets. A portion of metadata found herein pertains to the USDA FSA CLU. The remaining information has been developed to reflect the repurposing of the data in its aggregated form. It is important to note that all USDA programmatic and ownership information that was associated with the original data have been removed. Beyond that, these data has been extensively edited to reflect crop-specific land use consistent with 2015 land cover as derived from 2015 NASS Crop Data Layer datasets and 2015 aerial photography, and no longer reflects discrete ownership patterns.,,

,Improving the quality of water discharged from agricultural watersheds requires comprehensive and adaptive approaches for planning and implementing conservation practices. These measures will need to consider landscape hydrology, distributions of soil types, land cover, and crop distributions in an integrated manner. The two most consistent challenges to these efforts will be consistency and reliability of data, and the capacity to translate conservation planning from watershed to farm and field scales. The translation of scale is required because, while conservation practices can be planned based on a watershed scale framework, they must be implemented by landowners in specific fields and riparian sites that are under private ownership. To support these goals, it has been necessary to develop planning approaches, high-resolution spatial datasets, and conservation practice assessment tools that will allow the agricultural and conservation communities to characterize and mitigate these challenges. The field boundary dataset represents a spatial framework for assembling and maintaining geospatial data to support conservation planning at the scale where conservation practices are implemented.,This field boundaries dataset has been assembled to support field-scale agricultural conservation planning using the USDA/ARS Agricultural Conservation Planning Framework (ACPF). The original data used to create this database are the pre-2008 Farm Bill FSA common land unit (CLU) datasets. A portion of metadata found herein pertains to the USDA FSA CLU. The remaining information has been developed to reflect the repurposing of the data in its aggregated form. It is important to note that all USDA programmatic and ownership information that was associated with the original data have been removed. Beyond that, these data has been extensively edited to reflect crop-specific land use and no longer reflects discrete ownership patterns.,,

,Improving the quality of water discharged from agricultural watersheds requires comprehensive and adaptive approaches for planning and implementing conservation practices. These measures will need to consider landscape hydrology, distributions of soil types, land cover, and crop distributions in an integrated manner. The two most consistent challenges to these efforts will be consistency and reliability of data, and the capacity to translate conservation planning from watershed to farm and field scales. The translation of scale is required because, while conservation practices can be planned based on a watershed scale framework, they must be implemented by landowners in specific fields and riparian sites that are under private ownership. To support these goals, it has been necessary to develop planning approaches, high-resolution spatial datasets, and conservation practice assessment tools that will allow the agricultural and conservation communities to characterize and mitigate these challenges. The field boundary dataset represents a spatial framework for assembling and maintaining geospatial data to support conservation planning at the scale where conservation practices are implemented.,This field boundaries dataset has been assembled to support field-scale agricultural conservation planning using the USDA/ARS Agricultural Conservation Planning Framework (ACPF). The original data used to create this database are the pre-2008 Farm Bill FSA common land unit (CLU) datasets. A portion of metadata found herein pertains to the USDA FSA CLU. The remaining information has been developed to reflect the repurposing of the data in its aggregated form. It is important to note that all USDA programmatic and ownership information that was associated with the original data have been removed. Beyond that, these data has been extensively edited to reflect crop-specific land use consistent with crop-specific land cover as derived from 2014 and 2016 NASS Crop Data Layer datasets and 2014 and 2016 aerial photography, and no longer reflects discrete ownership patterns. For this data set, individual field boundaries were edited under two different projects and, as a result, the year of editing varies. Each record has a field, updateYr, that reflect the year of editing.,The ACPF field boundaries feature class incorporates two additional resources that form the Nebraska ACPF Land Use database. The Nebraska ACPF Fields Crop History table holds the dominant land use class, derived from the NASS CDL, for individual fields from 2010 to 2020. The Nebraska ACPF Land Use table hold summary land use information for individual fields for 2015 to 2020 including an assigned General Land Use (GenLU) that represent the cropping system over that period. In lieu of a data dictionary for these resources, each dataset has a FGDC-compliant metadata file using the North American ISO 19115-2003 profile in .xml format.,For more information about this dataset contact David E. James at davide.james@usda.gov or dejames@iastate.edu,,

,Improving the quality of water discharged from agricultural watersheds requires comprehensive and adaptive approaches for planning and implementing conservation practices. These measures will need to consider landscape hydrology, distributions of soil types, land cover, and crop distributions in an integrated manner. The two most consistent challenges to these efforts will be consistency and reliability of data, and the capacity to translate conservation planning from watershed to farm and field scales. The translation of scale is required because, while conservation practices can be planned based on a watershed scale framework, they must be implemented by landowners in specific fields and riparian sites that are under private ownership. To support these goals, it has been necessary to develop planning approaches, high-resolution spatial datasets, and conservation practice assessment tools that will allow the agricultural and conservation communities to characterize and mitigate these challenges. The field boundary dataset represents a spatial framework for assembling and maintaining geospatial data to support conservation planning at the scale where conservation practices are implemented.,This field boundaries dataset has been assembled to support field-scale agricultural conservation planning using the USDA/ARS Agricultural Conservation Planning Framework (ACPF). The original data used to create this database are the pre-2008 Farm Bill FSA common land unit (CLU) datasets. A portion of metadata found herein pertains to the USDA FSA CLU. The remaining information has been developed to reflect the repurposing of the data in its aggregated form. It is important to note that all USDA programmatic and ownership information that was associated with the original data have been removed. Beyond that, these data has been extensively edited to reflect crop-specific land use consistent with 2009 land cover as derived from 2009 NASS Crop Data Layer datasets and 2009 aerial photography, and no longer reflects discrete ownership patterns.,The ACPF field boundaries feature class incorporates two additional resources that form the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB) ACPF Land Use database. The UMRB ACPF Fields Crop History table holds the dominant land use class, derived from the NASS CDL, for individual fields from 2010 to 2020. The UMRB ACPF Land Use table hold summary land use information for individual fields for 2015 to 2020 including an assigned General Land Use (GenLU) that represent the cropping system over that period. In lieu of a data dictionary for these resources, each dataset has a FGDC-compliant metadata file using the North American ISO 19115-2003 profile in .xml format.,For more information about this dataset contact David E. James at davide.james@usda.gov or dejames@iastate.edu,,

,The measured and simulated data for corn and soybean yields, tileflow, N concentration, and N loading by plot, year, treatment, rotation, tillage and N application from 36 1-acre plots located on the Northeast Research and Demonstration Farm near Nashua, Iowa are presented. The measured data were analyzed with the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) Version 1.0.2000.830 and summarized in 8 papers in a special issue of Geoderma (Volume 140, No. 3, pages 217-322). The economic returns associated with each plot year were budgeted using the EconDocs software, since improved and released as DevTreks.,,

Understanding how different crops use water over time is essential for planning and managing water allocation, water rights, and agricultural production. The main objective of this paper is to characterize the spatiotemporal dynamics of crop water use in the Central Valley of California using Landsat-based annual actual evapotranspiration (ETa) from 2008-2018 derived from the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model. Crop water use for ten crops are characterized at multiple scales. The Mann-Kendall trend analysis revealed a significant increase in area cultivated with almonds and their water use, with an annual rate of change of 16,327 hectares in area and 13,488 ha-m in water use. Conversely, alfalfa showed a significant decline with 12,429 ha in area and 13,901 ha-m in water use per year during the same period. A pixel-based Mann-Kendall trend analysis showed the changing crop type and water use at the level of individual fields for all of Kern County in the Central Valley. This study demonstrates the useful application of historical Landsat ET to produce relevant water management information. Similar studies can be conducted at regional and global scales to understand and quantify the relationships between land cover change and its impact on water use.

Understanding how different crops use water over time is essential for planning and managing water allocation, water rights, and agricultural production. The main objective of this paper is to characterize the spatiotemporal dynamics of crop water use in the Central Valley of California using Landsat-based annual actual evapotranspiration (ETa) from 2008-2018 derived from the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model. Crop water use for ten crops are characterized at multiple scales. The Mann-Kendall trend analysis revealed a significant increase in area cultivated with almonds and their water use, with an annual rate of change of 16,327 hectares in area and 13,488 ha-m in water use. Conversely, alfalfa showed a significant decline with 12,429 ha in area and 13,901 ha-m in water use per year during the same period. A pixel-based Mann-Kendall trend analysis showed the changing crop type and water use at the level of individual fields for all of Kern County in the Central Valley. This study demonstrates the useful application of historical Landsat ET to produce relevant water management information. Similar studies can be conducted at regional and global scales to understand and quantify the relationships between land cover change and its impact on water use.