A three-dimensional, variable-density solute-transport model (SUTRA) was developed to evaluate the effects of three selected withdrawal/injection scenarios on salinity of groundwater (as simulated at damselfly anchialine-pool habitat) and discharge of freshwater to the nearshore environment of Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park (KAHO), Hawaiʻi. A base model was constructed using water-level, salinity, and withdrawal data available during the period from 2009 to 2017. Groundwater recharge for the base model was from a published daily water budget representing rainfall for the period 1984-2008. The SUTRA code was modified to include simplified unsaturated zone properties in the subroutine UNSAT. Changes in salinity of groundwater and discharge of freshwater relative to the base model were quantified for two withdrawal and one injection scenario. Each of the withdrawal/injection scenarios consists of 15 model runs, representing 15 independently tested withdrawal/injection sites. Model parameter values for the three-dimensional model were initially estimated using a two-dimensional cross section model and the model code SUTRA-MS, which allows simulation of both salinity and heat transport. The two-dimensional cross-section model was used to evaluate model sensitivity to selected features or flow-system conceptualizations. The four sensitivity-analysis model simulations were: (1) no heat transport; (2) confining units for the deep, coastal confined-groundwater system with dip of 5 degrees instead of 1 degree in the base model; (3) thick upper confining unit; and (4) no confining units. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215004).

A three-dimensional, variable-density solute-transport model (SUTRA) was developed to evaluate the effects of nine selected withdrawal/recharge scenarios on salinity of groundwater and discharge of freshwater to the nearshore environment of central Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi. The model was constructed using water-level and salinity data available for the period from 1940 to 2012. Groundwater recharge for the model was estimated using a daily water budget for the period of interest. Inflow of groundwater at the model boundaries was estimated from an islandwide model based on a sharp-interface approach (SHARP). The island-wide model is included as part of this data release. The data release also includes the SUTRA and SHARP source codes and executable files used to run the simulations. The SHARP code was modified for input/output related to computing the boundary flows and the SUTRA code was modified to include simplified unsaturated zone properties in the subroutine UNSAT. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195150).

A three-dimensional, variable-density solute-transport model (SUTRA) was developed to evaluate the effects of nine selected withdrawal/recharge scenarios on salinity of groundwater and discharge of freshwater to the nearshore environment of central Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi. The model was constructed using water-level and salinity data available for the period from 1940 to 2012. Groundwater recharge for the model was estimated using a daily water budget for the period of interest. Inflow of groundwater at the model boundaries was estimated from an islandwide model based on a sharp-interface approach (SHARP). The island-wide model is included as part of this data release. The data release also includes the SUTRA and SHARP source codes and executable files used to run the simulations. The SHARP code was modified for input/output related to computing the boundary flows and the SUTRA code was modified to include simplified unsaturated zone properties in the subroutine UNSAT. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195150).

Groundwater levels have declined since the 1940s in the Wailuku area of central Maui, Hawaiʻi, on the eastern flank of West Maui volcano, mainly in response to increased groundwater withdrawals. Available data since the 1980s also indicate a thinning of the freshwater lens and an increase in chloride concentrations of pumped water from production wells. These trends, combined with projected increases in demand for groundwater in central Maui, have led to concerns over groundwater availability and have highlighted a need to improve understanding of the hydrologic effects of proposed groundwater withdrawals in the Waiheʻe, ʻĪao, and Waikapū areas of central Maui. A three-dimensional, variable-density solute-transport model (SUTRA) was developed to evaluate the effects of seven selected withdrawal/recharge scenarios on water levels and salinity of groundwater in central Maui, Hawaiʻi. The model was constructed using water-level and salinity data available for the period from 1926 to 2012. Groundwater recharge for the model was estimated using a daily water budget for the period of interest. Inflow of groundwater at the model boundaries was estimated from an existing island-wide numerical groundwater-flow model (Izuka and others, 2021, available at https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205126). The data release also includes the SUTRA source code and executable file used to run the simulations. The SUTRA code was modified to include a simplified representation of water-table storage (Gingerich, 2008, available at https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5236/; Gingerich and Engott, 2012, available at https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5010/). This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215113).

A previously published three-dimensional, groundwater model (SUTRA) (http://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135216) was used to evaluate the effects of future climate and withdrawal on the freshwater lens of Guam. The model was run using 2080 to 2099 estimated recharge and sea-level rise. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated report "Water resources on Guam—Potential impacts of and adaptive response to climate change: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5095" by Gingerich, S.B., Johnson, A.G., Rosa, S.N., Marineau, M.D., Wright, S.A., Hay, L.E., Widlansky, M.J., Jenson, J.W., Wong, C.I., Banner, J.L., Keener, V.W., and Finucane, M.L.(https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195095). This data release also includes SUTRA source code.

A three-dimensional, groundwater model (SUTRA) was developed to understand the effects of seawater washover on the freshwater lens of Roi-Namur, Kwajalein Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands. The model was calibrated by using observation data collected from 1990 through 1991 and 2008 through 2010. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated journal article "Seawater-flooding events and impact on freshwater lenses of low-lying islands: controlling factors, basic management and mitigation" by Stephen B. Gingerich, Clifford I. Voss, and Adam G. Johnson, Journal of Hydrology (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.03.001). This data release also includes (1) postprocessing python scripts, and (2) SUTRA source code.

A three-dimensional, groundwater model (SUTRA) was developed to understand the effects of seawater washover on the freshwater lens of Roi-Namur, Kwajalein Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands. The model was calibrated by using observation data collected from 1990 through 1991 and 2008 through 2010. This USGS data release contains all of the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated journal article "Seawater-flooding events and impact on freshwater lenses of low-lying islands: controlling factors, basic management and mitigation" by Stephen B. Gingerich, Clifford I. Voss, and Adam G. Johnson, Journal of Hydrology (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.03.001). This data release also includes (1) postprocessing python scripts, and (2) SUTRA source code.

The shapefile associated with this metadata file represents the spatial distribution of mean annual water-budget components, in inches, for the Island of Kauai, Hawaii. The water-budget components in the shapefile were computed by a water-budget model for a scenario representative of predevelopment conditions (1978–2007 rainfall and 1870 land cover), as described in USGS Scientific Investigations Report (SIR) 2015-5164. The model was developed for estimating groundwater recharge and other water-budget components for each subarea of the model. The model-subarea dataset, consisting of 400,714 subareas (polygons), was generated using Esri ArcGIS software by intersecting (merging) multiple spatial datasets. Spatial datasets merged include those that characterize the spatial distribution of hydrologic and physical conditions (rainfall, fog interception, irrigation, reference evapotranspiration, direct runoff, soil type, and land cover) that the model uses to compute groundwater recharge and other water-budget components. Additional spatial datasets merged into the model-subarea dataset include those of select geographic features that assist in analyzing model results. This metadata file describes the process of merging these spatial datasets. The shapefile attribute information associated with each polygon present an estimate of mean annual rainfall, fog interception, irrigation, septic-system leachate, runoff, canopy evaporation, actual evapotranspiration, storm-drain capture, net precipitation, total evapotranspiration, recharge, and seepage from reservoirs and cesspools. This shapefile also includes select geographic and land-cover attributes of the polygons. Brief descriptions of the water-budget components and attributes are included in this metadata file. Refer to USGS SIR 2015-5164 for further details of the methods and sources used to determine these components and attributes.

The shapefile associated with this metadata file represents the spatial distribution of mean annual water-budget components, in inches, for the Island of Kauai, Hawaii. The water-budget components in the shapefile were computed by a water-budget model for a scenario representative of predevelopment conditions (1978–2007 rainfall and 1870 land cover), as described in USGS Scientific Investigations Report (SIR) 2015-5164. The model was developed for estimating groundwater recharge and other water-budget components for each subarea of the model. The model-subarea dataset, consisting of 400,714 subareas (polygons), was generated using Esri ArcGIS software by intersecting (merging) multiple spatial datasets. Spatial datasets merged include those that characterize the spatial distribution of hydrologic and physical conditions (rainfall, fog interception, irrigation, reference evapotranspiration, direct runoff, soil type, and land cover) that the model uses to compute groundwater recharge and other water-budget components. Additional spatial datasets merged into the model-subarea dataset include those of select geographic features that assist in analyzing model results. This metadata file describes the process of merging these spatial datasets. The shapefile attribute information associated with each polygon present an estimate of mean annual rainfall, fog interception, irrigation, septic-system leachate, runoff, canopy evaporation, actual evapotranspiration, storm-drain capture, net precipitation, total evapotranspiration, recharge, and seepage from reservoirs and cesspools. This shapefile also includes select geographic and land-cover attributes of the polygons. Brief descriptions of the water-budget components and attributes are included in this metadata file. Refer to USGS SIR 2015-5164 for further details of the methods and sources used to determine these components and attributes.

The shapefile associated with this metadata file represents the spatial distribution of mean annual water-budget components, in inches, for the Island of Kauai, Hawaii. The water-budget components in the shapefile were computed by a water-budget model for a scenario representative of recent conditions (1978–2007 rainfall and 2010 land cover), as described in USGS Scientific Investigations Report (SIR) 2015-5164. The model was developed for estimating groundwater recharge and other water-budget components for each subarea of the model. The model-subarea data set, consisting of 400,714 subareas (polygons), was generated using Esri ArcGIS software by intersecting (merging) multiple spatial data sets. Spatial datasets merged include those that characterize the spatial distribution of hydrologic and physical conditions (rainfall, fog interception, irrigation, reference evapotranspiration, direct runoff, soil type, and land cover) that the model uses to compute groundwater recharge and other water-budget components. Additional spatial datasets merged into the model-subarea data set include those of select geographic features that assist in analyzing model results. This metadata file describes the process of merging these spatial data sets. The shapefile attribute information associated with each polygon present an estimate of mean annual rainfall, fog interception, irrigation, septic-system leachate, runoff, canopy evaporation, actual evapotranspiration, storm-drain capture, net precipitation, total evapotranspiration, recharge, and seepage from water mains, reservoirs, and cesspools. This shapefile also includes select geographic and land-cover attributes of the polygons. Brief descriptions of the water-budget components and attributes are included in this metadata file. Refer to USGS SIR 2015-5164 for further details of the methods and sources used to determine these components and attributes.