These are the data used in the manuscript "Unusual success, future uncertainty, and science needs for adaptive management of invasive plants in a US national park." The data were collected from 1988-2022. IPM_species_data.csv contains the hours spent and herbicide amounts used for a subset of managed species, and IPM_summary_data.csv contains the total number of species managed, number of sites, hours spent, and herbicide amounts used.

In 2010-2013, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) partnered with Utah State University to conduct invasive plant prioritization workshops and inventories on selected National Wildlife Refuges across the United States. The purpose of these workshops and subsequent inventories was to inform and improve the process of planning and implementing invasive plant inventories or early detection. These workshops highlighted the need for an objective, transparent and documented process for deciding which invasive plant species should be a focus of inventory or early detection (and ultimately management) and where. A result of this partnership is the Invasive Plant Inventory and Early Detection Prioritization Tool (IPIEDT) and associated user's guide. The tool is a Microsoft Access database (2010 or later) that utilizes site-specific knowledge and harnesses existing invasive plant information (invasive species risk rankings) to identify priority species and areas for inventory or early detection. The tool produces a ranked list of areas and invasive plant species to consider for inventory or early detection. Once the location and abundance of priority invasive plants are understood, this information can be used to decide what specific management strategies should be employed and where. Interior 1 Regional and Refuge staff used the database developed by Utah State and the Pacific Southwest Region to prioritize areas and invasive species at Ohio River Islands. The attached products are the result of that prioritization.

In 2010-2013, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) partnered with Utah State University to conduct invasive plant prioritization workshops and inventories on selected National Wildlife Refuges across the United States. The purpose of these workshops and subsequent inventories was to inform and improve the process of planning and implementing invasive plant inventories or early detection. These workshops highlighted the need for an objective, transparent and documented process for deciding which invasive plant species should be a focus of inventory or early detection (and ultimately management) and where. A result of this partnership is the Invasive Plant Inventory and Early Detection Prioritization Tool (IPIEDT) and associated user's guide. The tool is a Microsoft Access database (2010 or later) that utilizes site-specific knowledge and harnesses existing invasive plant information (invasive species risk rankings) to identify priority species and areas for inventory or early detection. The tool produces a ranked list of areas and invasive plant species to consider for inventory or early detection. Once the location and abundance of priority invasive plants are understood, this information can be used to decide what specific management strategies should be employed and where. Interior 1 Regional and Refuge staff used the database developed by Utah State and the Pacific Southwest Region to prioritize invasives species at Stewart B. McKinney. The attached products are the result of that prioritization.

In 2010-2013, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) partnered with Utah State University to conduct invasive plant prioritization workshops and inventories on selected National Wildlife Refuges across the United States. The purpose of these workshops and subsequent inventories was to inform and improve the process of planning and implementing invasive plant inventories or early detection. These workshops highlighted the need for an objective, transparent and documented process for deciding which invasive plant species should be a focus of inventory or early detection (and ultimately management) and where. A result of this partnership is the Invasive Plant Inventory and Early Detection Prioritization Tool (IPIEDT) and associated user's guide. The tool is a Microsoft Access database (2010 or later) that utilizes site-specific knowledge and harnesses existing invasive plant information (invasive species risk rankings) to identify priority species and areas for inventory or early detection. The tool produces a ranked list of areas and invasive plant species to consider for inventory or early detection. Once the location and abundance of priority invasive plants are understood, this information can be used to decide what specific management strategies should be employed and where. Interior 1 Regional and Refuge staff used the database developed by Utah State and the Pacific Southwest Region to prioritize invasives species at Stewart B. McKinney. The attached products are the result of that prioritization.

We developed habitat suitability models for three invasive plant species: stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum), sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata), and privet (Ligustrum sinense). We applied the modeling workflow developed in Young et al. 2020, developing similar models for occurrence data, but also models trained using species locations with percent cover ≥10%, ≥25%, and ≥50%. We chose predictors from a national library of environmental variables known to physiologically limit plant distributions (Engelstad et al. 2022 Table S1) and relied on human input based on natural history knowledge to further narrow the variable set for each species before developing habitat suitability models. We developed models using five algorithms with VisTrails: Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling [SAHM 2.1.2]. We selected background samples using the target background approach, and took an alternative approach to construct model ensembles by combining first percentile and ten percentile threshold rules (suitability values associated with the lowest one percent and lowest ten percent of the training data) to categorize the continuous output from each algorithm into low (below the one percentile), moderate (between the one and ten percentile), and high (above the ten percentile) suitability. Finally, we summed these to create an ensemble. This data bundle contains the merged data sets used to create the models, the composite raster files for each abundance threshold associated with each species, tabular summaries by management unit (including each species/ composite type combination), and the occurrence points with their associated cover. The spatial data are organized in a separate folder for each species, each containing 5 rasters describing potential habitat suitability for the species at the different abundance thresholds. Each of the rasters represent the composite map (composite_abundX.tif) for each abundance threshold. The bundle documentation files are: 1) 'thresholded_abundance_project_metdata.xml' (this file) which contains the project-level metadata 2) 'mergedDataset.csv' contains the merged data set used to create the models, including location and associated environmental data, for all three species for each thresholded abundance. 3) XX.tif where XX is the raster type explained above (abundance threshold). 4) managementSummary.csv is the tabular summaries by management unit.

We developed habitat suitability models for three invasive plant species: stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum), sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata), and privet (Ligustrum sinense). We applied the modeling workflow developed in Young et al. 2020, developing similar models for occurrence data, but also models trained using species locations with percent cover ≥10%, ≥25%, and ≥50%. We chose predictors from a national library of environmental variables known to physiologically limit plant distributions (Engelstad et al. 2022 Table S1) and relied on human input based on natural history knowledge to further narrow the variable set for each species before developing habitat suitability models. We developed models using five algorithms with VisTrails: Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling [SAHM 2.1.2]. We selected background samples using the target background approach, and took an alternative approach to construct model ensembles by combining first percentile and ten percentile threshold rules (suitability values associated with the lowest one percent and lowest ten percent of the training data) to categorize the continuous output from each algorithm into low (below the one percentile), moderate (between the one and ten percentile), and high (above the ten percentile) suitability. Finally, we summed these to create an ensemble. This data bundle contains the merged data sets used to create the models, the composite raster files for each abundance threshold associated with each species, tabular summaries by management unit (including each species/ composite type combination), and the occurrence points with their associated cover. The spatial data are organized in a separate folder for each species, each containing 5 rasters describing potential habitat suitability for the species at the different abundance thresholds. Each of the rasters represent the composite map (composite_abundX.tif) for each abundance threshold. The bundle documentation files are: 1) 'thresholded_abundance_project_metdata.xml' (this file) which contains the project-level metadata 2) 'mergedDataset.csv' contains the merged data set used to create the models, including location and associated environmental data, for all three species for each thresholded abundance. 3) XX.tif where XX is the raster type explained above (abundance threshold). 4) managementSummary.csv is the tabular summaries by management unit.

Invasive annual grasses (IAGs) present a persistent challenge for the ecological management of rangelands, particularly the imperiled sagebrush biome in western North America. Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae), and Ventenata spp. are spreading across sagebrush rangelands and already occupy at least 200,000 kilometers squared (km sq.) of the intermountain west. The loss and degradation of native plant communities caused by IAGs threatens the persistence of sagebrush obligate species such as the Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and pygmy rabbit (Brachylagus idahoensis). IAGs convert sagebrush landscapes to monocultures of non-native grasslands that substantially increase the risk of wildfire and degrade important ecosystem services including forage production and quality, soil stability, and carbon sequestration. As a result, the economic consequences of IAGs are substantial. Successful management of IAG invasions depends on extensive and accurate geospatial data that is accessible and interpretable by those charged with managing landscapes across the sagebrush biome. The past decade has seen a rapid growth in these products, yet researchers and managers both report a persistent research-implementation gap between the availability of products and their application. To address this problem, we first conducted a systematic literature review to inventory spatial products released over the past decade that map cheatgrass, medusahead, and Ventenata within the western U.S. at regional and national scales. We then developed a series of informational data resources to guide land managers in understanding and selecting the best available spatial data for their management needs. This Excel-readable .xlsx file version database product represents a searchable, filterable, and sortable collection of summary information for each IAG spatial data product, published from January 2010 to February 2021, we summarized as part of our review. An additional, machine-readable .csv file version of the database is also available for users.

Invasive annual grasses (IAGs) present a persistent challenge for the ecological management of rangelands, particularly the imperiled sagebrush biome in western North America. Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae), and Ventenata spp. are spreading across sagebrush rangelands and already occupy at least 200,000 kilometers squared (km sq.) of the intermountain west. The loss and degradation of native plant communities caused by IAGs threatens the persistence of sagebrush obligate species such as the Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and pygmy rabbit (Brachylagus idahoensis). IAGs convert sagebrush landscapes to monocultures of non-native grasslands that substantially increase the risk of wildfire and degrade important ecosystem services including forage production and quality, soil stability, and carbon sequestration. As a result, the economic consequences of IAGs are substantial. Successful management of IAG invasions depends on extensive and accurate geospatial data that is accessible and interpretable by those charged with managing landscapes across the sagebrush biome. The past decade has seen a rapid growth in these products, yet researchers and managers both report a persistent research-implementation gap between the availability of products and their application. To address this problem, we first conducted a systematic literature review to inventory spatial products released over the past decade that map cheatgrass, medusahead, and Ventenata within the western U.S. at regional and national scales. We then developed a series of informational data resources to guide land managers in understanding and selecting the best available spatial data for their management needs. This Excel-readable .xlsx file version database product represents a searchable, filterable, and sortable collection of summary information for each IAG spatial data product, published from January 2010 to February 2021, we summarized as part of our review. An additional, machine-readable .csv file version of the database is also available for users.