The files in the dataset include tables of Pb bioavailability data from mice studies, of Pb x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy data, and of Pb speciation results of diets and excreted Pb. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Karna, R.R., M.P. Noerpel, C. Nelson, B. Elek, K. Herbin-Davis, G. Diamond , K. Bradham, D.J. Thomas, and K.G. Scheckel. Bioavailable soil Pb minimized by in situ transformation to plumbojarosite. PNAS (PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES). National Academy of Sciences, WASHINGTON, DC, USA, 118(3): 01-06, (2021).

The files in the dataset include tables of Pb bioavailability data from mice studies, of Pb x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy data, and of Pb speciation results of diets and excreted Pb. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Karna, R.R., M.P. Noerpel, C. Nelson, B. Elek, K. Herbin-Davis, G. Diamond , K. Bradham, D.J. Thomas, and K.G. Scheckel. Bioavailable soil Pb minimized by in situ transformation to plumbojarosite. PNAS (PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES). National Academy of Sciences, WASHINGTON, DC, USA, 118(3): 01-06, (2021).

Soil chemistry, soil extracts, biochar challenge data. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: First author organization owns the data. It can be accessed through the following means: Contact first author. Format: Excel Spreadsheet. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Ippolito, J., T. Ducey, K.A. Spokas, K. Trippe, and M. Johnson. A biochar selection method for remediating heavy metal contaminated mine tailings. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. Springer, Heidelburg, GERMANY, 05621-9, (2024).

soil microbial populations and enzyme assays that show responses of the soil microbial community to soil amendments. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: Link to data is not available now. It can be accessed through the following means: USDA - ARS will have the link to the data at some point. Format: Likely to be an excel file and avialble as a public link in the future. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Ducey, T.F., J.M. Novak, G.C. Sigua, J.A. Ippolito, H.C. Rushmiller, D.W. Watts, K.M. Trippe, K.A. Spokas, K.C. Stone, and M. Johnson. Microbial Response to Designer Biochar and Compost Treatments for Mining Impacted Soils. Biochar Journal. Ithaka Institute for Carbon Intelligence, Arbaz, SWITZERLAND, 3: 299-314, (2021).

Remediation produces long-term changes in soil lead bioavailability in a mouse model. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: In the publication and supporting information. Format: These data were generated from US EPA Superfund site soil samples. All of the soil samples were provided to NERL for methods development based on the agreement that the specific sample identifiers not be released. While the City location is listed in the publication, the specific location of the site is not. There are currently on-going additional studies by USEPA and USDA that would be impacted if the site identifiers were release, which requires this information to be protected. The public can access the data, which are provided in the publication and presented in tables and figures within the publication. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Bradham, K., G. Diamond, C. Nelson, M. Noerpel, K. Scheckel, B. Elek, R. Chaney, Q. Ma, and D. Thomas. Long-Term in Situ Reduction in Soil Lead Bioavailability Measured in a Mouse Model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, USA, 52(23): 13908–13913, (2018).

Research has suggested that biochar soil amendments have the ability to improve soil water retention, but results have not been consistent or predictable across soil types. The objective of this project was to evaluate the potential for biochar soil amendments to mitigate agricultural drought by characterizing their impacts on soil hydraulics and plant growth across a range of agricultural soil conditions. This data set contains soil moisture retention curves and unsaturated hydraulic conductivities for four Oregon agricultural soils amended with biochar. Gasified biochars made from wheat straw (AgEnergy, Spokane, WA) and conifer wood (BioLogical, Philomath, OR) were tilled into soils at experimental stations in Madras (loam), Pendleton (silt loam), Aurora (sandy loam), and Klamath Falls (loamy sand). The biochars were incorporated by tillage in the fall to a depth of 12 cm at rates equating to 0, 9, 18, and 36 Mg/ha, with three replicate plots per treatment. Soil cores were collected the following spring and used to construct moisture retention curves using a combination of pressure plates, a WP4 water potentiameter instrument, and a HYPROP instrument.

Research has suggested that biochar soil amendments have the ability to improve soil water retention, but results have not been consistent or predictable across soil types. The objective of this project was to evaluate the potential for biochar soil amendments to mitigate agricultural drought by characterizing their impacts on soil hydraulics and plant growth across a range of agricultural soil conditions. This data set contains soil moisture retention curves and unsaturated hydraulic conductivities for four Oregon agricultural soils amended with biochar. Gasified biochars made from wheat straw (AgEnergy, Spokane, WA) and conifer wood (BioLogical, Philomath, OR) were tilled into soils at experimental stations in Madras (loam), Pendleton (silt loam), Aurora (sandy loam), and Klamath Falls (loamy sand). The biochars were incorporated by tillage in the fall to a depth of 12 cm at rates equating to 0, 9, 18, and 36 Mg/ha, with three replicate plots per treatment. Soil cores were collected the following spring and used to construct moisture retention curves using a combination of pressure plates, a WP4 water potentiameter instrument, and a HYPROP instrument.

,Biochars are charcoals used as soil amendments, and they have many beneficial effects on soil health. However, one negative effect is biochars often reduce concentrations of soil nitrogen that are available to plants. This is believed to be due to the high carbon and low nitrogen contents of biochars, which deprive soil microbes of nitrogen as they decompose the biochar, and cause microbes to tie up nitrogen from soil. We tested whether we could predict biochar impacts on soil nitrogen from the quantities of carbon and nitrogen in biochar that can be consumed soil microbes. Because biochars are mostly composed of carbon in molecules that can not be consumed by microbes, the microbially-available portion is generally small. We measured the microbially-available carbon and nitrogen in ten biochars, and measured how they impacted nitrogen concentrations in two soils from Oregon.,This dataset includes characteristics of ten biochars and two soils, and measurements from two incubation experiments. In the first experiment we incubated 13C-labeled biochars with two soil for 101 days, and measured production of biochar- and soil-respired CO2 and soil dissolved inorganic nitrogen. In the second experiment we expanded to study ten biochar types, including seven biochars that were not isotopically-labeled. We measured how much dissolved inorganic nitrogen was produced by amended soils over 28 days.,Surprisingly, we found all ten biochars increased rather than decreased soil nitrogen concentrations one month after application. We also found that biochars produced at high temperatures, which were more difficult for soil microbes to consume than low-temperature biochars, stimulated more soil decomposition and released more soil nitrogen. It appeared that microbes increased soil decomposition in response to additions of biochar, and this then increased plant-available nitrogen at least temporarily. These unexpected results show that biochar can sometimes have beneficial impacts on soil nitrogen, and that biochar impacts cannot be readily predicted from the qualities of the biochars themselves. These results are relevant to biochar users, and to biochar producers interested in how to make biochars more beneficial for plant growth. These results indicate that biochar users cannot predict nitrogen impacts, and should therefore monitor soil nitrogen concentrations to ensure levels are sufficient for plant growth.,,

Linear combination fitting data for lead speciation of soil samples evaluated through an in-vivo/in-vitro correlation for quail exposure. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Beyer, W.N., N. Basta, R. Chaney, P. Henry, D. Mosby, B. Rattner, K. Scheckel , D. Sprague, and J. Weber. BIOACCESSIBILITY TESTS ACCURATELY ESTIMATE BIOAVAILABILITY OF LEAD TO QUAIL. G.A. Burton, Jr., and C. H. Ward ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Pensacola, FL, USA, 35(9): 2311-2319, (2016).

Linear combination fitting data for lead speciation of soil samples evaluated through an in-vivo/in-vitro correlation for quail exposure. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Beyer, W.N., N. Basta, R. Chaney, P. Henry, D. Mosby, B. Rattner, K. Scheckel , D. Sprague, and J. Weber. BIOACCESSIBILITY TESTS ACCURATELY ESTIMATE BIOAVAILABILITY OF LEAD TO QUAIL. G.A. Burton, Jr., and C. H. Ward ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Pensacola, FL, USA, 35(9): 2311-2319, (2016).