This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document estimates of litterfall, koa moth (Scotorythra paludicola) caterpillar frass production, soil nutrients, and foliar nutrients during 2013-2014 at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. During this time, there was a massive defoliation event of Acacia koa (koa) trees by the koa moth. We monitored these metrics in 4 sites that varied in forest structure and composition at Hakalau. We used litter traps to monitor koa litter fall over time and foliar %N to estimate N inputs from litter. We used caterpillar counts, koa canopy estimates, frass production rates, and frass %N to estimate N inputs from frass on the landscape. We used resin bags under koa canopy where frass was directly falling as compared to open grass sites where no frass was falling to monitor soil inorganic N and P over time. Finally we collected foliage of various plant species over time, and tested for %N, under koa versus in the open to track how nutrients in frass fall may track into plants.

This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document estimates of litterfall, koa moth (Scotorythra paludicola) caterpillar frass production, soil nutrients, and foliar nutrients during 2013-2014 at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. During this time, there was a massive defoliation event of Acacia koa (koa) trees by the koa moth. We monitored these metrics in 4 sites that varied in forest structure and composition at Hakalau. We used litter traps to monitor koa litter fall over time and foliar %N to estimate N inputs from litter. We used caterpillar counts, koa canopy estimates, frass production rates, and frass %N to estimate N inputs from frass on the landscape. We used resin bags under koa canopy where frass was directly falling as compared to open grass sites where no frass was falling to monitor soil inorganic N and P over time. Finally we collected foliage of various plant species over time, and tested for %N, under koa versus in the open to track how nutrients in frass fall may track into plants.

This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document estimates of litterfall, koa moth (Scotorythra paludicola) caterpillar frass production, soil nutrients, and foliar nutrients during 2013-2014 at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. During this time, there was a massive defoliation event of Acacia koa (koa) trees by the koa moth. We monitored these metrics in 4 sites that varied in forest structure and composition at Hakalau. We used litter traps to monitor koa litter fall over time and foliar %N to estimate N inputs from litter. We used caterpillar counts, koa canopy estimates, frass production rates, and frass %N to estimate N inputs from frass on the landscape. We used resin bags under koa canopy where frass was directly falling as compared to open grass sites where no frass was falling to monitor soil inorganic N and P over time. Finally we collected foliage of various plant species over time, and tested for %N, under koa versus in the open to track how nutrients in frass fall may track into plants.

This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document estimates of litterfall, koa moth (Scotorythra paludicola) caterpillar frass production, soil nutrients, and foliar nutrients during 2013-2014 at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. During this time, there was a massive defoliation event of Acacia koa (koa) trees by the koa moth. We monitored these metrics in 4 sites that varied in forest structure and composition at Hakalau. We used litter traps to monitor koa litter fall over time and foliar %N to estimate N inputs from litter. We used caterpillar counts, koa canopy estimates, frass production rates, and frass %N to estimate N inputs from frass on the landscape. We used resin bags under koa canopy where frass was directly falling as compared to open grass sites where no frass was falling to monitor soil inorganic N and P over time. Finally we collected foliage of various plant species over time, and tested for %N, under koa versus in the open to track how nutrients in frass fall may track into plants.

This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document estimates of litterfall, koa moth (Scotorythra paludicola) caterpillar frass production, soil nutrients, and foliar nutrients during 2013-2014 at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. During this time, there was a massive defoliation event of Acacia koa (koa) trees by the koa moth. We monitored these metrics in 4 sites that varied in forest structure and composition at Hakalau. We used resin bags under koa canopy where frass was directly falling as compared to open grass sites where no frass was falling to monitor soil inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus over time. By comparing soil with frass inputs to frass inputs over time we could watch for differential spikes in soil nutrients due to the outbreak event.

This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document estimates of litterfall, koa moth (Scotorythra paludicola) caterpillar frass production, soil nutrients, and foliar nutrients during 2013-2014 at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. During this time, there was a massive defoliation event of Acacia koa (koa) trees by the koa moth. We monitored these metrics in 4 sites that varied in forest structure and composition at Hakalau. We used litter traps to monitor koa litter fall over time and foliar %N to estimate N inputs from litter. We used caterpillar counts, koa canopy estimates, frass production rates, and frass %N to estimate N inputs from frass on the landscape. We used resin bags under koa canopy where frass was directly falling as compared to open grass sites where no frass was falling to monitor soil inorganic N and P over time. Finally we collected foliage of various plant species over time, and tested for %N, under koa versus in the open to track how nutrients in frass fall may track into plants.

This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document estimates of litterfall, koa moth (Scotorythra paludicola) caterpillar frass production, soil nutrients, and foliar nutrients during 2013-2014 at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. During this time, there was a massive defoliation event of Acacia koa (koa) trees by the koa moth. We monitored these metrics in 4 sites that varied in forest structure and composition at Hakalau. We used litter traps to monitor koa litter fall over time and foliar %N to estimate N inputs from litter. We used caterpillar counts, koa canopy estimates, frass production rates, and frass %N to estimate N inputs from frass on the landscape. We used resin bags under koa canopy where frass was directly falling as compared to open grass sites where no frass was falling to monitor soil inorganic N and P over time. Finally we collected foliage of various plant species over time, and tested for %N, under koa versus in the open to track how nutrients in frass fall may track into plants.

Bird banding at 2 locations adjacent to one another (one in koa restoration forest, and other in native intact forest) at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge before and after the start of an outbreak by koa moths (Scotorythra paludicola) during 2013. Each bird was measured with an electronic scale accurate to 1/10th g. Results indicate that insectivorous birds increased in mass, on average, while generalist diet species showed marginally significant increases, and two out of three nectarivorous and frugivorous birds did not have significant change.

This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document the responses of birds to changes in habitat conditions before and after koa (Acacia koa) defoliation by koa moths (Scotorythra paludicola). Data sets document changes in the (1) use of tree species, (2) arthropod composition of diets, and (3) body mass.

This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document the response of koa (Acacia koa) trees to defoliation by the koa moth (Scotorythra paludicola) during 2013-2014 at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. Data were collected on 55 plots at 4 sites representing 2 habitat types with either high or low koa densities. Ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) trees dominated habitats with low koa density. Data sets document (1) locations and habitat type of forest plots where koa trees were evaluated, (2) density and size of koa trees within plots, extent of koa tree defoliation, rate of koa tree foliage regrowth (refoliation), and koa tree mortality, and (3) counts and relative size of ohia trees for evaluating forest structure within plots.