The CAMEX-4 ER-2 Lightning Instrument Package (LIP) dataset was collected by the ER-2 LIP, which allows the vector components of the electric field (i.e, Ex, Ey, Ez ) to be readily obtained, and thus greatly improves our knowledge of the electrical structure of storms overflown. The field mills measure the components of the electric field over a wide dynamic range extending from fair weather electric fields, (i.e., a few to tens of V/m) to larger thunderstorm fields (i.e., tens of kV/m). Total lightning (i.e., cloud-to-ground, intracloud) is identified from the abrupt electric field changes in the data. The conductivity probe measures the air conductivity at the aircraft flight altitude. Storm electric currents can be derived using the electric field and air conductivity measurements.

The CAMEX-4 DC-8 Information Collection and Transmission System dataset was collected by the Information Collection and Transmission System (ICATS), which is designed to: 1) Interface and process avionics and environmental paramaters from the Navigational Management System, GPS, Central Air Data Computer, Embedded GPS/INS, and analog voltage sources from aircraft and experimenters, 2) Furnish engineering unit values of selected parameters and computed functions for real-time video display, and archive ASCII data at experimenter stations, 3) Archive engineering unit values of 'Appendix A' (to the ICATS document included with dataset documentation) on data storage for post flight retrieval.

The CAMEX-4 NOAA WP-3D Cloud Physics dataset used the NOAA WP-3D Orion aircraft, which has multiple meteorological and microphysical sensors. These include, for example, cloud particle imagers and temperature and dewpoint probes. CAMEX-4 focused on the study of tropical cyclone (hurricane) development, tracking, intensification, and landfalling impacts using NASA-funded aircraft and surface remote sensing instrumentation. This dataset includes navigation data as well as the meteorological and microphysical data. For further information and to obtain this data, please contact GHRC at support-ghrc@earthdata.nasa.gov

CER_ES9_Aqua-Xtrk_Edition4 is the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE)-like Gridded Instantaneous Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) Fluxes Aqua Cross-track Edition 4 data product, which was collected using the CERES-Flight Model (FM3) and FM4 instruments on the Aqua platform. Data collection for this product is ongoing. The ERBE-like Monthly Regional Averages (ES-9) products contains a month of space and time averaged CERES data for a single satellite using measurements from the primary crosstrack instrument. All instantaneous shortwave and longwave fluxes at the TOA from the CERES ES-8 product for a month are sorted by 2.5-degree spatial regions, by day number, and by the local hour of observation. The mean of the instantaneous fluxes for a given region-day-hour bin is determined and recorded on the ES-9 along with other flux statistics and scene information. For each region, the daily average flux is estimated from an algorithm that uses the available hourly data, scene identification data, and diurnal models. This algorithm is "like" the algorithm used for ERBE. ES-9 also contains hourly average fluxes for the month and an overall monthly average for each region. These average fluxes are given for both clear-sky and total-sky scenes. CERES is a key component of the Earth Observing System (EOS) program. The CERES instruments provide radiometric measurements of the Earth's atmosphere from three broadband channels. The CERES missions are a follow-on to the successful ERBE mission. The first CERES instrument, protoflight model (PFM), was launched on November 27, 1997 as part of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Two CERES instruments (FM1 and FM2) were launched into polar orbit on board the Earth Observing System (EOS) flagship Terra on December 18, 1999. Two additional CERES instruments (FM3 and FM4) were launched on board Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua on May 4, 2002. The CERES FM5 instrument was launched on board the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite on October 28, 2011. The newest CERES instrument (FM6) was launched on board the Joint Polar-Orbiting Satellite System 1 (JPSS-1) satellite, now called NOAA-20, on November 18, 2017.

The LIS 0.1 Degree Very High Resolution Gridded Lightning Diurnal Climatology (VHRDC) dataset consists of gridded diurnal climatologies of total lightning flash rates seen by the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) from January 1, 1998 through December 31, 2013. LIS is an instrument on the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission satellite (TRMM) used to detect the distribution and variability of total lightning occurring in the Earth's tropical and subtropical regions. This information can be used for severe storm detection and analysis, and also for lightning-atmosphere interaction studies. The gridded climatologies include annual mean flash rate, mean diurnal cycle of flash rate with 24 hour resolution, and mean annual cycle of flash rate with daily, monthly, or seasonal resolution. All datasets are in 0.1 degree spatial resolution. The mean annual cycle of flash rate datasets (i.e., daily, monthly or seasonal) have both 49-day and 1 degree boxcar moving averages to remove diurnal cycle and smooth regions with low flash rate, making the results more robust.

The LIS/OTD 2.5 Degree Low Resolution Annual Dirunal Climatology (LRADC) contains a variety of gridded climatologies of total lightning flash rates obtained from two lightning detection sensors - the spaceborne Optical Transient Detector (OTD) on Orbview-1 and the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) onboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. The long LIS (equatorward of about 38 degree) record makes the merged climatology most robust in the tropics and subtropics, while the high latitude data is entirely from OTD. The LRADC dataset include flash rate climatology data including scaled flash counts on a 2.5 degree grid in HDF and netCDF-4 format.

The LIS 0.1 Degree Very High Resolution Gridded Lightning Monthly Climatology (VHRMC) dataset consists of gridded monthly climatologies of total lightning flash rates seen by the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) from January 1, 1998 through December 31, 2013. LIS is an instrument on the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission satellite (TRMM) used to detect the distribution and variability of total lightning occurring in the Earth's tropical and subtropical regions. This information can be used for severe storm detection and analysis, and also for lightning-atmosphere interaction studies. The gridded climatologies include annual mean flash rate, mean diurnal cycle of flash rate with 24 hour resolution, and mean annual cycle of flash rate with daily, monthly, or seasonal resolution. All datasets are in 0.1 degree spatial resolution. The mean annual cycle of flash rate datasets (i.e., daily, monthly or seasonal) have both 49-day and 1 degree boxcar moving averages to remove diurnal cycle and smooth regions with low flash rate, making the results more robust.

The CAMEX-4 MIPS 915 MHZ Doppler Wind Profiler dataset was collected by the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) Mobile Integrated Profiling System (MIPS), which is a mobile atmospheric profiling system. It includes a 915 MHz Doppler profiler, lidar ceilometer, 12 channel microwave profiling radiometer, Doppler Sodar, Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS), Field Mills, and surface observing station. This dataset contains 15 minute averaged 3-D wind profiles. Additionally, radial velocity and backscatter intensity data are contained in the dataset.

The CAMEX-4 Aerosonde dataset contains temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure measurements collected to study the boundary layer below levels where traditional hurricane reconnasissance aircaft fly. The Aerosonde is an unmanned aerial vehicle with a wingspan of 2.9 meters (~9 feet) weighing approximately 14 kg (~31 lbs). Carrying a payload of air pressure, temperature and humidity probes, the aircraft can fly at altitudes from near the surface to 21,000 feet at speeds of 50-95 mph for periods of up to 30 hours. Controlled by dual computers and navigated by GPS, the Aerosonde is designed to economically collect meteorological data over a wide area.

Abstract ======== This data set consists of the MESSENGER Energetic Particle and Plasma Spectrometer (EPPS) calibrated observations, also known as DDRs. The system encompasses 2 instrument subsystems - the Energetic Particle Spectrometer (EPS) and the Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer (FIPS). This data set contains FIPS instrument data. FIPS covers the energy/charge range of < 46 eV/q to 13 keV/q. There are eight FIPS DDR data products (one retired).