This data set provides estimates of annual carbon emissions (kg carbon per square meter) from boreal fires at 450-m resolution for the state of Alaska between 2001 and 2013. To produce these data, daily burned area for 2001 to 2013 was mapped using imagery from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) combined with perimeters from the Alaska Large Fire Database. Carbon consumption was calibrated using available field measurements from black spruce forests in Alaska. Above- and below-ground carbon consumption were modeled based on environmental variables including elevation, day of burning within the fire season, pre-fire tree cover and the differenced normalized burn ratio (dNBR). Modeled uncertainties in carbon consumption are included in the data set. The derived burn area and carbon emissions product, referred to as the Alaskan Fire Emissions Database (AKFED), provides a resource for study of the environmental controls on daily fire dynamics, boreal fire emissions in biogeochemical models, and potential feedbacks from changing fire regimes.

This dataset is a synthesis of field plot characterization data, derived above-ground and below-ground combusted carbon, and acquired Fire Weather Index (FWI) System components for burned boreal forest sites across Alaska, USA, the Northwest Territories, and Saskatchewan, Canada from 1983-2016. Unburned plot data are also included. Compiled plot-level characterization data include stand age, disturbance history, tree density, and tree biophysical measurements for calculation of the above-ground (ag) and below-ground (bg) biomass/carbon pools, pre-fire and residual post-fire soil organic layer (SOL) depths and estimates of combustion of tree structural classes. The measured slope and aspect for each site and an assigned moisture class based on topography are also provided. Data from 1019 burned and 152 unburned sites are included. From the estimates of combusted ag and bg carbon pools and SOL losses, the total carbon combusted, the proportion of pre-fire carbon combusted, and the proportion of total carbon combusted were calculated for each plot. FWI System components including moisture and drought codes and indices of fire danger were obtained for each plot from existing data sources based on the plot location, year of burn, and a dynamic start-up date (day of burn, DOB) from the global fire weather database. Data for soil characteristics are included in a separate file.

This dataset provides annual gridded estimates of fire locations and associated burn fraction per pixel for Alaska and Canada at approximately 500 m spatial resolution for the period 2001-2019. Gridded predictions of carbon combustion and burn depth for the same period within the ABoVE extended domain using the burn area maps and field data are also available. Fire locations and date of burn (DOB) were detected by MODIS-derived active fire products. Burned area was primarily estimated from finer-scale Landsat imagery using a differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) algorithm and upscaled to an approximate 500 m MODIS resolution. Aboveground combustion, belowground combustion, and burn depth were statistically modeled at the pixel level for every mapped burned pixel in the ABoVE extended domain based on field observations across Alaska and western Canada. Predictor variables included remotely sensed indicators of fire severity, topography, soils, climate, and fire weather. Quality flags for burned area and combustion are available. Fire is the dominant disturbance agent in Alaskan and Canadian boreal ecosystems and releases large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. These data are useful for studies of disturbance, fire ecology, and carbon cycling in boreal ecosystems.

This dataset provides annual forest fire burned area and daily hotspot products developed using data acquired from the Advanced Very-High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) instruments carried aboard two NOAA polar-orbiting satellites (NOAA-11 and NOAA-14). The fire products were generated over 12 fire seasons (1st May - 31st October) from 1989-2000 across North America at 1-km resolution and subset to the ABoVE spatial domain of Alaska and Canada.

This dataset includes field measurements from 26 burned and unburned transects established in 2008 in the region of the Anaktuvuk River tundra fire on the Arctic Slope of Alaska, US. Measurements include plant cover by species, shrub and tussock density, thaw depth, and soil depth. This wildfire occurred in 2007, and sampling took place in 2008-2011 and in 2017.

This dataset provides 10-minute fire emissions within 0.1-degree regularly spaced intervals across Indonesia from July 2015 to December 2020. The dataset was produced with a top-down approach based on fire radiative energy (FRE) and smoke aerosol emission coefficients (Ce) derived from multiple new-generation satellite observations. Specifically, the Ce values of peatland, tropical forest, cropland, or savanna and grassland were derived from fire radiative power (FRP) and emission rates of smoke aerosols based on Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) active fire and aerosol products. FRE for each 0.1-degree interval was calculated from the diurnal FRP cycle that was reconstructed by fusing cloud-corrected FRP retrievals from the high temporal-resolution (10 mins) Himawari-8 Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) with those from high spatial-resolution (375 m) VIIRS. This new dataset was named the Fused AHI-VIIRS based fire Emissions (FAVE). Fire emissions data are provided in comma-separated values (CSV) format with one file per month from July 2015 to December 2020. Each file includes variables of fire observation time, fire geographic location, classification, fire radiative energy, various fire emissions and related standard deviations.

This dataset provides estimates of daily burned area, carbon emissions, and uncertainty, and daily fire ignition locations for boreal fires in Alaska, U.S., and in the Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada. The data are at 500 m resolution for the 18-year period from 2001-2018. Burned area was retrieved from combining fire perimeter data from the Alaskan and Canadian Large Fire Databases with surface reflectance and active fire data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 6. Per-pixel carbon consumption was estimated based on a statistical relationship between field estimates of pyrogenic consumption and several environmental variables. To derive the carbon consumption estimates, the approach from Alaskan Fire Emissions Database (AKFED) was updated and extended for the period 2001-2018. Fire weather variables, temperature, and the drought code complemented remotely sensed tree cover and burn severity as model predictors. Fire ignition location and timing were extracted from the daily burned area maps.

FIREXAQ_Analysis_Data are supplementary analysis and ancillary data collected during FIREX-AQ. This product includes plume ratios, and supplementary datasets regarding the wildfires sampled during the campaign. Data collection for this product is complete.Completed during summer 2019, FIREX-AQ utilized a combination of instrumented airplanes, satellites, and ground-based instrumentation. Detailed fire plume sampling was carried out by the NASA DC-8 aircraft, which had a comprehensive instrument payload capable of measuring over 200 trace gas species, as well as aerosol microphysical, optical, and chemical properties. The DC-8 aircraft completed 23 science flights, including 15 flights from Boise, Idaho and 8 flights from Salina, Kansas. NASA’s ER-2 completed 11 flights, partially in support of the FIREX-AQ effort. The ER-2 payload was made up of 8 satellite analog instruments and provided critical fire information, including fire temperature, fire plume heights, and vegetation/soil albedo information. NOAA provided the NOAA-CHEM Twin Otter and the NOAA-MET Twin Otter aircraft to measure chemical processing in the lofted plumes of Western wildfires. The NOAA-CHEM Twin Otter focused on nighttime plume chemistry, from which data is archived at the NASA Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC). The NOAA-MET Twin Otter collected measurements of air movements at fire boundaries with the goal of understanding the local weather impacts of fires and the movement patterns of fires. NOAA-MET Twin Otter data will be archived at the ASDC in the future. Additionally, a ground-based station in McCall, Idaho and several mobile laboratories provided in-situ measurements of aerosol microphysical and optical properties, aerosol chemical compositions, and trace gas species. The Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) campaign was a NOAA/NASA interagency intensive study of North American fires to gain an understanding on the integrated impact of the fire emissions on the tropospheric chemistry and composition and to assess the satellite’s capability for detecting fires and estimating fire emissions. The overarching goal of FIREX-AQ was to provide measurements of trace gas and aerosol emissions for wildfires and prescribed fires in great detail, relate them to fuel and fire conditions at the point of emission, characterize the conditions relating to plume rise, and follow plumes downwind to understand chemical transformation and air quality impacts. Data collection is complete.

This data set provides measurements of the isotopic composition of black carbon and organic carbon aerosols collected at two locations in interior Alaska during the summer of 2013, as part of NASA's Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment (CARVE). The delta14C end member of fire aerosol was derived and linked to soil elemental and isotopic composition in Alaskan boreal forests. Soil and aerosol measurements were used to estimate average depth of burn in Alaska during the summer of 2013.

This data set provides products characterizing immediate and longer-term ecosystem changes from fires in the circumpolar boreal forests of Northern Eurasia and North America. The data include fire intensity (fire radiative power; FRP), increase in spring albedo, decrease in tree cover, normalized burn ratio, normalized difference vegetation index, and land surface temperature, as well as three derived fire metrics: crown scorch, vegetation destruction, and fire-induced tree mortality. Longer-term changes are indicated by mean albedo determined 5-12 years after fires, mean percent decrease in tree cover 5-7 years after fires, and mean annual burned percentage. The data cover the period 2001-2013 and are provided at quarter, half, and one degree resolutions for boreal forests within the 40 to 80 degree North circumpolar region. The data were derived from a variety of sources including MODIS products, climate reanalysis data, and forest inventories. A data file with identified boreal forest area (pixels), as defined by climate and vegetation type, and a file with the defined North American and Eurasian boreal forest study regions are included.