Human activities such as agricultural fertilization and fossil fuel combustion have introduced a massive amount of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) in reactive forms to the environment. As agricultural fertilization is the single largest anthropogenic N source, an integrated approach to understand the interactions among agriculture, atmosphere, and hydrology is essential in examining human-altered N cycling. We have developed an integrated modeling system with agriculture EPIC, atmosphere WRF/CMAQ, and hydrology SWAT. This integrated system is useful tool for scientists and policy-makers to answer many questions on cycling of water, carbon, and nutrients for sustaining the food production while protecting the environment. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Ran, L., Y. Yuan, E. Cooter, V. Benson, J. Pleim, R. Wang, and J. Williams. An Integrated Agriculture, Atmosphere, and Hydrology Modeling System for Ecosystem Assessments. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA, 11(12): 4645-4668, (2019).

Human activities such as agricultural fertilization and fossil fuel combustion have introduced a massive amount of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) in reactive forms to the environment. As agricultural fertilization is the single largest anthropogenic N source, an integrated approach to understand the interactions among agriculture, atmosphere, and hydrology is essential in examining human-altered N cycling. We have developed an integrated modeling system with agriculture EPIC, atmosphere WRF/CMAQ, and hydrology SWAT. This integrated system is useful tool for scientists and policy-makers to answer many questions on cycling of water, carbon, and nutrients for sustaining the food production while protecting the environment. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Ran, L., Y. Yuan, E. Cooter, V. Benson, J. Pleim, R. Wang, and J. Williams. An Integrated Agriculture, Atmosphere, and Hydrology Modeling System for Ecosystem Assessments. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA, 11(12): 4645-4668, (2019).

This dataset allowed estimates the damage costs associated with the institutional nitrogen (N) footprint and explores how this information could be used to create more sustainable institutions. Potential damages associated with the release of nitrogen oxides (NOx), ammonia (NH3), and nitrous oxide (N2O) to air and release of nitrogen to water were estimated using existing values and a cost per unit of nitrogen approach. These damage cost values were then applied to two universities. Annual potential damage costs to human health, agriculture, and natural ecosystems associated with the N footprint of institutions were $11.0 million (2014) at the University of Virginia (UVA) and $3.04 million at the University of New Hampshire (UNH). Costs associated with the release of nitrogen oxides to human health, in particular the use of coal-derived energy, were the largest component of damage at UVA. At UNH the energy N footprint is much lower because of a landfill cogeneration source, and thus the majority of damages were associated with food production. Annual damages associated with release of nitrogen from food production were very similar at the two universities ($1.80 million vs. $1.66 million at UVA and UNH, respectively). These damages also have implications for the extent and scale at which the damages are felt. For example, impacts to human health from energy and transportation are generally larger near the power plants and roads, while impacts from food production can be distant from the campus. Making this information available to institutions and communities can improve their understanding of the damages associated with the different nitrogen forms and sources, and inform decisions about nitrogen reduction strategies. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Compton, J., A. Leach, E. Castner, and J. Galloway. Assessing the Social and Environmental Costs of Institutional Nitrogen Footprints. Sustainability: The Journal of Record. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., New Rochelle, NY, USA, 10(2): 114-122, (2017).

This dataset allowed estimates the damage costs associated with the institutional nitrogen (N) footprint and explores how this information could be used to create more sustainable institutions. Potential damages associated with the release of nitrogen oxides (NOx), ammonia (NH3), and nitrous oxide (N2O) to air and release of nitrogen to water were estimated using existing values and a cost per unit of nitrogen approach. These damage cost values were then applied to two universities. Annual potential damage costs to human health, agriculture, and natural ecosystems associated with the N footprint of institutions were $11.0 million (2014) at the University of Virginia (UVA) and $3.04 million at the University of New Hampshire (UNH). Costs associated with the release of nitrogen oxides to human health, in particular the use of coal-derived energy, were the largest component of damage at UVA. At UNH the energy N footprint is much lower because of a landfill cogeneration source, and thus the majority of damages were associated with food production. Annual damages associated with release of nitrogen from food production were very similar at the two universities ($1.80 million vs. $1.66 million at UVA and UNH, respectively). These damages also have implications for the extent and scale at which the damages are felt. For example, impacts to human health from energy and transportation are generally larger near the power plants and roads, while impacts from food production can be distant from the campus. Making this information available to institutions and communities can improve their understanding of the damages associated with the different nitrogen forms and sources, and inform decisions about nitrogen reduction strategies. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Compton, J., A. Leach, E. Castner, and J. Galloway. Assessing the Social and Environmental Costs of Institutional Nitrogen Footprints. Sustainability: The Journal of Record. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., New Rochelle, NY, USA, 10(2): 114-122, (2017).

,Nitrogen Source Study for Greenhouse gas Reduction through Agricultural Carbon Enhancement network in Fort Collins, Colorado Nitrogen fertilization is essential for optimizing crop yields; however, it increases N2O emissions. The study objective was to compare N2O emissions resulting from application of commercially available enhanced-effi ciency N fertilizers with emissions from conventional dry granular urea in irrigated cropping systems. These emissions were monitored from several irrigated cropping systems receiving N fertilizer rates ranging from 0-246 kg/ha from years 2007-2008 with intermediate rates of 157 kg/ha applied to the barley crop in corn-barley rotation and 56 kg/ha applied to the dry bens in the corn-dry bean rotation. Cropping systems included conventional-till continuous corn (CT-CC), no-till continuous corn (NT-CC), no-till corn–dry bean (NT-CDb), and no-till corn–barley (NT-CB). Nitrous oxide fluxes were measured during ten growing seasons using static, vented chambers and a gas chromatograph analyzer. This work shows that the use of no-till and enhanced-effi ciency N fertilizers can potentially reduce N2O emissions from irrigated systems.,

This is the greenhouse data for Clark et al. "Environmental sustainability of future fertilizers: Tradeoffs between ammonia volatilization and nitrate leaching for 11 enhanced efficiency fertilizers." The data quantifies the environmental performance (NH3 volatilization, N leaching) and agronomic performance (yield) for 11 enhanced efficiency fertilizers on two soil types (Minnesota sandy loam, Iowa clay loam). Yield results are published separately (Dolda et al. in review) but are included here for completeness. See Table S1 in the publication to cross reference brand names with active ingredients.