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Coastal Habitat Modification - Hawaii
Coastal habitats are utilized and altered for a suite of human uses. Habitat modification is here defined as the alteration or removal of geomorphic structure as a result of human use. This includes several habitat-modifying features like seawalls, piers, breakwaters, dredged areas, artificial land (i.e., filled wetlands), and offshore structures. This data layer represents the presence of habitat modification in shallow waters of the Main Hawaiian Islands. The Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project mapped the presence of habitat-modifying features by combining several existing datasets derived primarily from satellite and aerial imagery, including the following datasets: benthic habitat maps (NOAA Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), 2007); NOAA Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) line data (NOAA Office of Response and Restoration (OR&R), 2001); maintained channels (NOAA, US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), MarineCadastre.gov); and locations of offshore aquaculture. The layer represents the presence or absence of habitat modification, with a cell size of 500 m. Relevant man-made features were extracted from each individual dataset and saved (features classified as artificial and dredged areas in NOAA benthic habitat maps; coastal segments designated as man-made structures and riprap in NOAA ESI line data; all features from the maintained channels and aquaculture datasets). The resulting polygon datasets were merged together. A field was added to all vector layers with a value of 1 for each feature to represent the presence of habitat modification. Vector data were then converted to 500-m rasters and combined into a mosaic.
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Coastal Habitat Modification - American Samoa
공공데이터포털
Coastal habitats are utilized and altered for a suite of human uses. Habitat modification is here defined as the alteration or removal of geomorphic structure as a result of human use. This includes several habitat-modifying features like seawalls, piers, breakwaters, dredged areas, artificial land (i.e., filled wetlands), and offshore structures. This data layer represents the presence of habitat modification in shallow waters of American Samoa. The presence of habitat-modifying features were mapped by combining several existing datasets derived primarily from satellite and aerial imagery, including the following datasets: benthic habitat maps (NOAA Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), 2005); and NOAA Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) line data (NOAA Office of Response and Restoration (OR&R), 2003). The layer represents the presence or absence of habitat modification, with a cell size of 250 m. Relevant man-made features were extracted from each individual dataset and saved (features classified as artificial and dredged areas in NOAA benthic habitat maps; coastal segments designated as man-made structures and riprap in NOAA ESI line data). The resulting polygon datasets were merged together. A field was added to all vector layers with a value of 1 for each feature to represent the presence of habitat modification. Vector data were then converted to 250-m rasters and combined into a mosaic.
Majuro Benthic Habitats
공공데이터포털
Benthic habitat maps of the nearshore marine environment of Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands were created by visual interpretation of remotely sensed imagery. The objective of this effort, conducted by NOAA's Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment - Biogeography Branch was to provide spatially-explicit information on the reef zones and habitat types of Majuro's coral reef ecosystem.
Shoreline - Palmyra Atoll
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Shoreline of Palmyra Atoll
Coral Favorability: Managed Conditions - Guam
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Managers have some ability to support healthy environmental conditions through strategic action at a local and regional scale, such as water quality. This layer synthesized spatial information for several managed conditions to create a relative score for how favorable a given location is for coral growth and survival. Environmental conditions contributing to this layer included: chlorophyll-a concentration, fish and herbivore biomass, turbidity (Kd490), macroalgal cover, and ocean-based pollution. Covariation in these conditions was accounted for using principal component analysis (PCA) to form composite variables of conditions that have strong relationships with one another. The resulting principal components were averaged and scaled from 0 (worst) to 1 (best) to produce a coral favorability score for managed conditions. These data are provided for the island of Guam as a raster with a resolution of 1500 m.
Nearshore New Development Impact, 2005-2010/2011 - Hawaii
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This layer represents a proxy for sediment input to the nearshore marine environment from recent construction sites. Data are derived from the NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) High Resolution Change dataset from 2005 to 2010, except for Oahu and Lanai where data are for 2005 to 2011 (http://coast.noaa.gov/ccapftp/). The Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project extracted pixels that changed from any undeveloped class to an impervious surface during the time period and calculated the area of new impervious surface within National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) HU12 watershed polygons. A Focal Statistics tool was used to calculate the mean area of new development within a 1.5-km circular radius of each offshore pixel. This area was dispersed offshore using a Gaussian decay function with distance from shore. Finally, values were linearly rescaled from 0-1 as this layer is a unitless proxy.
Shoreline - Wake Island
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Shoreline of Wake Island
Hawaiian Ko'a Card Coral Health Assessments
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The Hawaiian Ko'a Card (Coral Card) was developed by the Coral Reef Ecology Lab of the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) at the University of Hawaii at Manoa to record changes in coral color of Hawaiian corals and provide a tool for people to monitor coral color as an indicator of coral health. The Ko'a Card was designed for use by everyone, including the community, citizen scientists, researchers, students, resource managers, recreational users, and visitors alike. Coral color health scores are based on actual colors of bleached and healthy Hawaiian corals. Each color sector corresponds to the density and performance of the symbiotic algae living in the coral tissue, which is linked to coral health. The lightest and darkest scores are recorded to allow for natural color variation across the coral.
Sponge Reef Areas of the Pacific Region
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Sponge reefs are constructed by hexactinellid (glass) sponges of the Order Hexactinosida. The sponges trap fine sediments, and over centuries of sponge growth and sediment trapping, form large bioherms or reef mounds. Glass sponge reefs are unique habitats found along the Pacific coast of Canada and the United States and they have significant historic, ecological, and economic value. They link benthic and pelagic environments by playing important roles in filtration and carbon and nitrogen processing, and acting as silica sinks. They also form habitat for diverse communities of invertebrates and fish, including those of economic importance. Thus, accurate and up-to-date information on the location and spatial extent of sponge reefs is important to the management and conservation of many of Canada’s Pacific marine species. We generated a map of known sponge reefs, derived from two source shape files: 1) Sponge_Reef_West_Coast, mapped by Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), 2) Howesound_Nine_reef_polygons and 3) HoweSound_Five_reef_polygons, which were mapped by DFO and NRCan. The resultant polygon shapefile is published on the GIS hub as a file geodatabase feature class.
Shoreline - Palau
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Shoreline of Palau
Shoreline - Manua, American Samoa
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Shoreline of the Manu'a Islands (Manu'a, Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u), American Samoa.
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