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Data from ring shear strength testing of glaciolacustrine silty clay from the 2014, Oso, Washington landslide
We performed ring shear strength testing of three specimens from a glaciolacustrine silty clay unit involved in a large landslide that occurred March 22, 2014 near the town of Oso, Washington. Ring shear tests utilized apparatus DPRI-5 at Kyoto University, Japan and test results are presented herein. We refer to the specimens as the clay, clayey silt, and silt. Some tests were performed under controlled shear stress with shear stress increased at ~0.5 kPa/s until failure and failure was permitted to continue for decimeters to meters of cumulative shear displacement. These tests were performed on unfailed material and on fault gouge that developed during failure. Other tests were performed on fault gouge under constant shear displacement rates of ~0.001–10 cm/s. Nearly all controlled shear stress tests were performed in the undrained condition (specimen chamber water lines closed) and nearly all constant shear displacement rate tests were performed in the naturally drained condition (specimen chamber water lines open). Normal stress was controlled during all tests. Cumulative shear displacement, normal stress, shear stress, pore-water pressure, and specimen thickness were continuously measured during each test. Recording of these parameters continued during hold periods after shearing ceased for many tests. Recording similarly continued during many consolidation periods that followed shearing or hold periods. Consolidation involved opening specimen chamber drainage lines to permit excess pore-water pressure (if any) to dissipate and specimen thickness to stabilize under the applied normal stress. File names indicate testing conditions. For controlled shear stress tests, file names are: specimen_”drained” or “undrained”_normal stress_”controlled shear stress”_”unfailed” or “gouge”.txt and subsequent hold and consolidation file names are: specimen_”hold” or “consolidation”_normal stress_”controlled shear stress”_ ”unfailed” or “gouge”.txt. For constant shear displacement rate tests, file names are: specimen_”drained” or “undrained”_normal stress_shear displacement rate.txt and subsequent hold and consolidation file names are: specimen_”hold” or “consolidation”_normal stress_shear displacement rate.txt. In some cases, recording was made to one file during shearing, hold, and consolidation periods. For these, file names indicate shearing conditions as described above with “hold” and/or “consolidation” appended to the end of the file name. These data support a study described in Schulz, W.H., Wang, G., Jiang, Y., Collins, B.D., and Reid, M.E., 2017, Fault gouge structure control on post-failure behavior of granular material-clay mixtures: ###################################.
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Laboratory Testing Results: Material strength and hydraulic properties for specimens collected from coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington
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This data release includes the detailed results from laboratory testing of colluvium and landslide deposit specimens collected from coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington. The specimens were collected as part of a larger effort to characterize the potential for shallow landslide initiation along the Puget Sound Railway corridor between the cities of Everett and Seattle. The details of the specimen collection and research objectives of the study are provided in: “Assessing Landslide Potential on Coastal Bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington—Geologic Site Characterization for Hydrologic Monitoring” (doi:10.3133/ofr20161082). Laboratory experiments includes test to estimate the following properties: specific gravity, porosity, bulk and grain densities, grain-size distributions, in situ volumetric water content, liquid and plastic limits, saturated hydraulic conductivity, water-retention and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity relations, and soil strength properties. The testing of the specimens was performed by Cooper Testing Labs Inc. in Palo Alto, California, and by York Lewis at Colorado School of Mines in Golden, Colorado. The following citations relate to this data release. Mirus, B.B., Smith, J.B., Stark, Benjamin, Lewis, York, Michel, Abigail, and Baum, R.L., 2016, Assessing landslide potential on coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington—Geologic site characterization for hydrologic monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1082, 28 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161082. van Genuchten, MTh., 1980. A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils: Soil Science Society America Journal, vol. 44, p. 892-898. Wayllace, A., and Lu, N., 2012, A transient water release and imbibitions method for rapidly measuring wetting and drying soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions: Geotechnical Testing Journal, vol. 35, doi: 10.1520/GTJ103596.
Geothermal slide-hold-slide experiments on bare surface Westerly granite
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Laboratory slide-hold-slide tests, combined with flow through tests, conducted on Westerly granite with 30 degree sawcut. Tests were conducted with a constant confining pressure of 30 MPa with an average pore pressure of 10 MPa at temperatures of 23 and 200 degC. Three fluid flow conditions were examined (1) no flow, (2) cycled flow, and (3) continuous flow.
Utah FORGE: Slide-Hold-Slide Experiments on Westerly Granite at Temperatures up to 250 Degrees C
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Laboratory slide-hold-slide tests were conducted in a conventional triaxial deformation configuration on 1-inch diameter cylindrical cores of Westerly granite bisected by a sawcut oriented at 30 degrees from vertical. Tests were conducted at a constant confining pressure of 30 MPa with a 10 MPa pore fluid pressure. The pore fluid was deionized water. Experiments were conducted at temperatures of 22, 100, 200, and 250 C. This data was collected to examine fault strength recovery in hydrothermal conditions.
Utah FORGE: Direct Shear Test Data for Investigating Seismic Precursors to Shear Failure of Fractures
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This dataset includes results of direct shear tests to investigate the mechanical and geophysical response of dry and saturated fractures in Indiana limestone and Sierra White granite. Direct shear tests were performed on tensile-induced fractures in Indiana limestone and Sierra White granite in a custom water-pressurized chamber. The provided Excel files include the representative seismic wave signals and the normalized wave amplitudes of ultrasonic wave transducers. A link to the published journal article presenting the data and describing the experiment in detail is provided as well.