Monthly zip files from November 2016 to December 2020, with each zip containing hourly .tif files with gridded CO2 fluxes at 0.02 degree resolution in an eastern North American domain from 33 - 47 degrees north and 92 - 67 degrees west. For each hour, there is a file with Ecosystem Respiration fluxes, as well as a file for Gross Ecosystem Exchange during daytime hours only. To derive Net Ecosystem Exchange, respiration and GEE fluxes must be summed. Units are micromoles per m2*s after dividing original data by 1000.

This dataset provides gridded estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Reco), net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE = Reco - GPP), and methane (CH4) emissions from tundra and boreal wetland soils, across the pan-Arctic and Boreal zone (>49 degrees north) at 1-km spatial resolution. The data were produced through simulations of the Arctic Terrestrial Carbon Flux Model (TCFM-Arctic) and are provided at the daily time step for the years 2003-2015. TCFM-Arctic uses a light-use efficiency approach driven by satellite estimates of FPAR (fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation) to estimate GPP, and autotrophic respiration (Rauto) is estimated as a fraction of GPP. Heterotrophic respiration (Rhetero) is estimated using decomposition rates with environmental constraints applied to three near-surface soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, and Reco is determined as the sum of Ra and Rh. Methane production is estimated using optimal CH4 production rates with environmental constraints applied to the labile carbon pool, and transfer of CH4 from the soil to the atmosphere is modeled through vegetation, soil diffusion, and water ebullition pathways. The model estimates were calibrated and evaluated using >60 tower eddy covariance (EC) sites. Baseline carbon pools were initialized by continuously cycling (spinning-up) the model for 1,000 model years using recent climatology from 1985 to 2002 to reach a dynamic steady-state between estimated net primary productivity (NPP = GPP - Rauto) and near-surface SOC pools. The TCFM-Arctic simulations were extended to the full Arctic-boreal domain at a 1-km spatial resolution using land cover maps representing high latitude vegetation communities. The data are provided in NetCDF and comma-separated values (CSV) formats.

This dataset provides monthly estimates of biomass stocks and land-atmosphere carbon exchange across the western United States at 0.95 degrees longitude x 1.25 degrees latitude grid resolution from 1998 through 2010. The data include outputs from two types of model simulations: (1) a "free" simulation which used Community Land Model (CLM5.0) simulations forced with meteorology appropriate for complex mountainous terrain, and (2) "assimilation" runs using the land surface data assimilation system (CLM5-DART). In assimilation runs, the CLM5 vegetation state is constrained by remotely sensed observations of leaf area index and aboveground biomass, which influenced biomass stocks and carbon fluxes.

This dataset provides gridded surface-atmosphere CO2 fluxes over North America from April 8 to November 18 during 2018 and 2019. Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) was estimated by the CMS-Flux-NA CO2 inversion system by assimilating in situ CO2 measurements and/or Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO-2) column-averaged CO2 retrievals. These data, along with imposed diurnal NEE variations, fossil fuel emissions, biomass burning, and biofuel emissions, are provided at 3-hour temporal resolution. The modeled co-samples of CO2 observed for aircraft flights are included for model evaluation. The data are provided in NetCDF version 4 format.

This data series provides annual maps of carbon stocks for conterminous U.S. forests. Annual raster maps are provided at 1-km resolution for the period 2001-2020. Carbon stock estimates were derived by linking the Land Use and Carbon Scenario Simulator (LUCAS) model and the Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBM-CFS3) as described in the accompanying publication. The model was run on an annual timestep for the period 2001-2020. Four scenario simulations were conducted including 1) the combined effects of land use and land cover change (LULC) and climate, 2) only LULC effects, 3) only climate effects, and 4) no effects from either LULC or climate.

This data series provides annual maps of carbon stocks for conterminous U.S. forests. Annual raster maps are provided at 1-km resolution for the period 2001-2020. Carbon stock estimates were derived by linking the Land Use and Carbon Scenario Simulator (LUCAS) model and the Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBM-CFS3) as described in the accompanying publication. The model was run on an annual timestep for the period 2001-2020. Four scenario simulations were conducted including 1) the combined effects of land use and land cover change (LULC) and climate, 2) only LULC effects, 3) only climate effects, and 4) no effects from either LULC or climate.

This data series provides annual maps of carbon stocks for conterminous U.S. forests. Annual raster maps are provided at 1-km resolution for the period 2001-2020. Carbon stock estimates were derived by linking the Land Use and Carbon Scenario Simulator (LUCAS) model and the Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBM-CFS3) as described in the accompanying publication. The model was run on an annual timestep for the period 2001-2020. Four scenario simulations were conducted including 1) the combined effects of land use and land cover change (LULC) and climate, 2) only LULC effects, 3) only climate effects, and 4) no effects from either LULC or climate.

This dataset provides gridded estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Reco), and net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) across the circumpolar terrestrial Arctic-boreal region at a 1-km spatial resolution. Monthly CO2 flux data from 2001 to 2020 were generated using terrestrial eddy covariance and chamber CO2 flux observations, combined with geospatial meteorological, remote sensing, topographical and soil data, all within a random forest modeling framework. Aggregated average annual NEE, average annual NEE with direct fire emissions added based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) product, and temporal trends in annual NEE rasters over 2002-2020 are also included. The data are provided in NetCDF and GeoTIFF formats.

This dataset provides gridded estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Reco), net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE = Reco - GPP), and methane (CH4) emissions from tundra and boreal wetland soils, across the pan-Arctic and Boreal zone (>49 degrees north) at 1-km spatial resolution. The data were produced through simulations of the Arctic Terrestrial Carbon Flux Model (TCFM-Arctic) and are provided at the daily time step for the years 2003-2015. TCFM-Arctic uses a light-use efficiency approach driven by satellite estimates of FPAR (fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation) to estimate GPP, and autotrophic respiration (Rauto) is estimated as a fraction of GPP. Heterotrophic respiration (Rhetero) is estimated using decomposition rates with environmental constraints applied to three near-surface soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, and Reco is determined as the sum of Ra and Rh. Methane production is estimated using optimal CH4 production rates with environmental constraints applied to the labile carbon pool, and transfer of CH4 from the soil to the atmosphere is modeled through vegetation, soil diffusion, and water ebullition pathways. The model estimates were calibrated and evaluated using >60 tower eddy covariance (EC) sites. Baseline carbon pools were initialized by continuously cycling (spinning-up) the model for 1,000 model years using recent climatology from 1985 to 2002 to reach a dynamic steady-state between estimated net primary productivity (NPP = GPP - Rauto) and near-surface SOC pools. The TCFM-Arctic simulations were extended to the full Arctic-boreal domain at a 1-km spatial resolution using land cover maps representing high latitude vegetation communities. The data are provided in NetCDF and comma-separated values (CSV) formats.

This dataset provides gridded surface-atmosphere CO2 fluxes over North America from April 8 to November 18 during 2018 and 2019. Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) was estimated by the CMS-Flux-NA CO2 inversion system by assimilating in situ CO2 measurements and/or Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO-2) column-averaged CO2 retrievals. These data, along with imposed diurnal NEE variations, fossil fuel emissions, biomass burning, and biofuel emissions, are provided at 3-hour temporal resolution. The modeled co-samples of CO2 observed for aircraft flights are included for model evaluation. The data are provided in NetCDF version 4 format.