The expedition PS94 Trans-Arctic survey of the Arctic Ocean in transition ("TransArc II") aimed at capturing the physical, biological, and chemical changes of the Arctic Ocean. The retreat of the multi-year sea ice over the last decades, and the changes in ice and ocean circulation are tightly linked to changes in the heat and fresh water distribution with consequences for the gas exchange between ocean and atmosphere, for biogeochemical cycling and for organisms and ecosystems in the sea ice, in the water column and on the sea floor. This dataset includes discrete bottle measurements of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), Total Alkalinity, pH on total scale, water temperature and salinity, oxygen, nutrients, CFCs, Dissolved organic carbon and other parameters measured onboard the R/V Polarstern in the central Arctic Ocean during the PS-94, ARK-XXIX/3, TransArc-II cruise (EXPOCODE 06AQ20150817) from 2015-08-17 to 2015-10-15.

This dataset includes discrete bottle measurements of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), Total Alkalinity, temperature, salinity, oxygen and CFCs from R/V Polarstern Cruise ARKXXVII/1 (EXPOCODE 06AQ20120614) in the North Atlantic Ocean, Section 75N, from 2012-06-14 to 2012-07-15. The R/V Polarstern ARKXXVII/1 cruise is a part of the CLIVAR/GO-SHIP Repeat Sections observations from the research ships along the section 75N. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) in the framework of the priority program Antarctic Research with comparative investigations in Arctic ice area by a grant to T. Tanhua and M. Hoppema: Carbon and 25 transient tracers dynamics: A bi-polar view on Southern Ocean eddies and the changing Arctic Ocean (TA 317/5, HO 4680/1)

This dataset includes chemical, discrete sample, physical and profile data collected from POLARSTERN in the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea and Laptev (or Nordenskjold) Sea from 2007-07-28 to 2007-10-10 and retrieved during cruise 06AQ20070728 and ARKXXII_2. These data include ALKALINITY, DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, Delta Oxygen - 18, HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, NITRATE, NITRITE, PHOSPHATE, Potential temperature (theta), SALINITY, SILICATE and WATER TEMPERATURE. The instruments used to collect these data include Alkalinity titrator, CTD, Coulometer for DIC measurement and bottle. These data were collected by Ursula Schauer of Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Steven M. A. C. van Heuven of Groningen University, and Sven Ober of Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) as part of the CLIVAR_ARKXXII_2 dataset. The International CLIVAR Global Ocean Carbon and Repeat Hydrography Program carries out a systematic and global re-occupation of select WOCE/JGOFS hydrographic sections to quantify changes in storage and transport of heat, fresh water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and related parameters.

This dataset includes discrete profile measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity, pH on total scale, water temperature, salinity, nutrients and other parameters collected from profile and discrete sample observations from R/V Helmer Hansen time series cruises in the Arctic Ocean in the eastern Fram Strait along 79N from 2014-01-10 to 2014-08-25.

This dataset includes chemical, discrete sample, physical and profile data collected from POLARSTERN in the Arctic Ocean from 1996-07-12 to 1996-09-06 and retrieved during cruise 06ARKXII and AQN12. These data include ALKALINITY, CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11), CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12), Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4), DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, NITRATE, PHOSPHATE, Potential temperature (theta), SALINITY, SILICATE, WATER TEMPERATURE and pH. The instruments used to collect these data include CTD and bottle. These data were collected by Ernst Augstein of Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research and Leif G. Anderson of University of Gothenburg (GU) as part of the CARINA_06AQ19960712 dataset. The CARINA (CARbon dioxide IN the Atlantic Ocean) data synthesis project is an international collaborative effort of the EU IP CARBOOCEAN, and U.S. partners. It has produced a merged internally consistent dataset of open ocean subsurface measurements for biogeochemical investigations, in particular, studies involving the carbon system. The original focus area was the North Atlantic Ocean, but over time the geographic extent expanded and CARINA now includes data from the entire Atlantic, the Arctic Ocean, and the Southern Ocean.

This dataset includes chemical, discrete sample, physical and profile data collected from POLARSTERN in the Arctic Ocean, Kara Sea and Laptev (or Nordenskjold) Sea from 1993-08-06 to 1993-10-05 and retrieved during cruise 06ARKIX_4. These data include Barium, CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11), CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-113 (CFC-113), CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12), DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, Delta Oxygen - 18, HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, NITRATE, PHOSPHATE, Potential temperature (theta), SALINITY, SILICATE and WATER TEMPERATURE. The instruments used to collect these data include CTD and bottle. These data were collected by Dieter K. Fütterer of Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research and Leif G. Anderson of University of Gothenburg (GU) as part of the CARINA_06AQ19930806 dataset. The CARINA (CARbon dioxide IN the Atlantic Ocean) data synthesis project is an international collaborative effort of the EU IP CARBOOCEAN, and U.S. partners. It has produced a merged internally consistent dataset of open ocean subsurface measurements for biogeochemical investigations, in particular, studies involving the carbon system. The original focus area was the North Atlantic Ocean, but over time the geographic extent expanded and CARINA now includes data from the entire Atlantic, the Arctic Ocean, and the Southern Ocean.

This dataset includes discrete profile measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity, pH on total scale, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients and other hydrographic and chemical data collected from discrete samples and profile observations during the CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent Joint Ocean Ice Study (JOIS-11) cruise (EXPOCODE 18SN20110721) in the Arctic Ocean from 2011-07-21 to 2011-08-18. The 2011 Joint Ocean Ice Study (JOIS) involved the collaboration of Fisheries and Oceans Canada researchers with colleagues primarily from the U.S.A and Japan. This program forms an important Canadian contribution to international climate research programs and is primarily a collaboration with the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project (BGEP) based at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. There are also strong links with Japanese scientists via the Pan-Arctic Climate Investigation (PACI), a collaboration with Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), and with Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology. In 2011 JOIS also included ancillary programs carried out by researchers from: the International Arctic Research Center (IARC) in Fairbanks Alaska; Kitami Institute of Technology (KIT), Japan; and University of Akron, Akron Ohio.

This dataset includes discrete profile measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients and oxygen isotope ratio during the CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent IOS Cruise 2015-06 (EXPOCODE 18SN20150920) in the Arctic Ocean from 2015-09-20 to 2015-10-16. The Joint Ocean Ice Study (JOIS) in 2015 is an important contribution from Fisheries and Oceans Canada to international Arctic climate research programs. It is a collaboration between Fisheries and Oceans Canada researchers with colleagues in the USA from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). The scientists from WHOI lead the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project (BGEP) which maintains the Beaufort Gyre Observing System (BGOS) as part of the Arctic Observing Network (AON).

This dataset includes discrete profile measurements of Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients and other hydrographic and chemical data collected from discrete samples and profile observations during the CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent Joint Ocean Ice Study (JOIS-10) cruise (EXPOCODE 18SN20100915) in the Arctic Ocean from 2010-09-15 to 2010-10-15. The Joint Ocean Ice Study (JOIS) in 2010 involved the collaboration of Fisheries and Oceans Canada researchers with colleagues primarily from the U.S.A and Japan. This program forms an important Canadian contribution to international climate research programs and is comprised of two ongoing programs: the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project (BGEP), a collaboration with Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution scientists and the Pan-Arctic Climate Investigation (PACI), a collaboration with Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) scientists. In 2010 JOIS also included ancillary programs carried out by researchers from: the International Arctic Research Center (IARC) in Fairbanks Alaska; Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology (TUMSAT), Japan; Kitami Institute of Technology (KIT), Japan.

This dataset includes discrete profile measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients and other hydrographic and chemical data collected from discrete samples and profile observations during the CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent Joint Ocean Ice Study (JOIS-12) cruise (EXPOCODE 18SN20120802) in the Arctic Ocean from 2012-08-02 to 2012-08-30. The Joint Ocean Ice Study (JOIS) in 2012 is an important contribution from Fisheries and Oceans Canada to international Arctic climate research programs. Primarily, it involves the collaboration of Fisheries and Oceans Canada researchers with colleagues in the USA from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). The scientists from WHOI lead the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project (BGEP) which forms part of the Arctic Observing Network (AON).