Wetlands are frequently used in the U.S. for treating nitrate in agricultural runoff. However, numerous other biologically active contaminants, such as antibiotics and nitrification inhibitors, regularly co-occur with nitrate and many can affect the efficiency of nitrate removal. This project evaluated the discrete and combined effects of specific veterinary and human antibiotics and a common nitrification inhibitor (nitrapyrin) on nitrate-N treatment efficiency in saturated sediments and floating treatment wetlands. Sediment and water samples were collected from 3 locations at the USDA Meat Animal Research Facility near Clay Center NE in August 2019 for assessment of background conditions in order to determine the ideal collection site for future microcosm experiments to quantify rates of N-cycling activity in sediments. The sites ranged in historical exposure to inhibitors from (1) little to no relative historical exposure (Control site) (2) moderate relative historical exposure (Grade Control Structure 5), and (3) heavy relative historical exposure to antibiotic runoff from agricultural and cattle grazing land (Reuse Pit (RP)). Laboratory microcosm experiments were then initiated in December 2019 using sediment collected from the historically high exposure site (Reuse Pit) only and an artificial water prepared based on chemistry of the water measured in August 2019. One set of microcosms was amended with an antibiotic mixture (chlortetracycline, sulfadimethoxine, lincomycin, monensin) and another set with nitrapyrin. The targeted range of concentrations for both sets was 0 to 1000 microgram per L. Sediments were exposed to the inhibitors for 3 weeks prior to initiation of the experiments to ensure the microbial communities were affected by the presence of the inhibitors. Anaerobic denitrification and aerobic nitrification potential rates were then quantified after the 3-week exposure period, and samples were collected for microbial community structure and gene abundance. Background sediments from August and December 2019 collections were characterized for potassium chloride extractable nitrogen species, total percent carbon and nitrogen content, microbial community composition, and gene abundance. And background water chemistry was measured from both collections. Data from the N-cycling measurements, molecular analyses, inhibitor concentrations, and background sediment and water characterization are documented in this data release.

These data were collected to determine the effect of nitrapyrin, a commercial nitrification inhibitor, on nitrification by a diverse nitrifier-enriched microbial (NEM) community. The NEM community was originally collected from an aquaculture pond in Columbia, Missouri and cultured in HEPES-buffered, minimal mineral salts media, supplemented with a nominal dose of 2 milligrams per liter ammonia-nitrogen, added as ammonium-sulfate. NEM were exposed to nitrapyrin (0 to 32 micrograms per liter) for 192 hours. Before dosing, the nitrapyrin was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). After dosing, the DMSO concentration in the flasks was 0.1 percent volume to volume. Ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, water hardness, conductivity, alkalinity, turbidity, and nitrapyrin were monitored at intervals during the experiment.

These data describe the results of a controlled laboratory mesocosm experiment evaluating the effect of nitrapyrin, a nitrification inhibitor, on nitrification in a nitrifier enriched microbial (NEM) community. Parameters described include the water chemistry and nitrapyrin measurement results of experimental mesocosms. Microbial community data is described in a data release linked to this one.

These data describe the results of a controlled laboratory mesocosm experiment evaluating the effect of nitrapyrin, a nitrification inhibitor, on nitrification in a nitrifier enriched microbial (NEM) community. Parameters described include the water chemistry and nitrapyrin measurement results of experimental mesocosms. Microbial community data is described in a data release linked to this one.

These data describe how microorganisms facilitate the cycling of reactive nitrogen in alpine ecosystems. Samples of water and sediment were collected from a longitudinal study of Loch Vale watershed in Rocky Mountain National Park in 2011 and 2012. Data presented include concentrations of NO3+ and NH4+ of surface waters and the relative abundance of nitrifying bacteria in both the water column and adjacent sediments. In addition we evaluated the isotopic signature (δ15N and δ18O) of NO3- from each surface water sample and weekly precipitation samples. Data on chemistry and microbial nitrification activity are also included from two additional nearby watersheds.

The data contained in the worksheet provides the quantity data of Cyanobacterial 16S sequences, qPCR and water quality parameters. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Li, H., T. Miller, J. Lu, and R. Goel. Nitrogen fixation contribution to nitrogen cycling during cyanobacterial blooms in Utah Lake. CHEMOSPHERE. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, USA, 302: 134784, (2022).

The data contained in the worksheet provides the quantity data of Cyanobacterial 16S sequences, qPCR and water quality parameters. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Li, H., T. Miller, J. Lu, and R. Goel. Nitrogen fixation contribution to nitrogen cycling during cyanobacterial blooms in Utah Lake. CHEMOSPHERE. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, USA, 302: 134784, (2022).

Nitrapyrin, a nitrification inhibitor, 6-CPA, a nitrapyrin degradate, and three co-applied herbicides (acetochlor, atrazine, and metolachlor) were measured in surface drains from eights sites in Illinois. Water samples were collected from April to June 2017. The compounds studied are applied to corn, Illinois is one of the largest corn producing states in the U.S. Water samples (1-L) were collected in amber glass bottles using a grab or depth weighted approach. Water samples were filtered (0.7 micrometers), extracted via solid phase extraction (Oasis® MAX cartridge), and analyzed (nitrapyrin and herbicides by gas chromatography with mass-spectrometry; 6-CPA by liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry).

Nitrapyrin, a nitrification inhibitor, 6-CPA, a nitrapyrin degradate, and three co-applied herbicides (acetochlor, atrazine, and metolachlor) were measured in surface drains from eights sites in Illinois. Water samples were collected from April to June 2017. The compounds studied are applied to corn, Illinois is one of the largest corn producing states in the U.S. Water samples (1-L) were collected in amber glass bottles using a grab or depth weighted approach. Water samples were filtered (0.7 micrometers), extracted via solid phase extraction (Oasis® MAX cartridge), and analyzed (nitrapyrin and herbicides by gas chromatography with mass-spectrometry; 6-CPA by liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry).

Nitrapyrin is a nitrification inhibitor that is co-applied with N-fertilizer in agroecosystems. Over the course of one year (March 2016 to June 2017), 192 water samples from seven streams across Iowa and Illinois were analyzed for nitrapyrin, its degradate 6-chloropicolinic acid (6-CPA), and three widely used herbicides acetochlor, atrazine, and metolachlor. Additional environmental samples were collected and analyzed in spring 2017: 63 water samples from eight subsurface drains, and 33 soil samples from a field in Iowa that received direct application of nitrapyrin (only for nitrapyrin and herbicides). Nitrapyrin was detected in all seven streams (56% detection) with concentrations ranging from 4 to 1,200 ng/L; 6-CPA was detected in six of the seven streams (13% detection) with concentrations ranging from 2 to 13 ng/L. Nitrapyrin was detected in only two of the eight subsurface drains and in 10% of drain samples (10% detection), and with concentrations ranginged from 3 to 12 ng/L; 6-CPA was detected in six of the eight subsurface drains and in (33% of drain samples withdetection), and concentrations ranginged from 2 to 6 ng/L. Nitrapyrin was detected in 67% of the soil samples collected, and concentrations ranged from 0.9 to 42 ng/g. Generally, all three herbicides were detected more frequently and at higher concentrations than nitrapyrin in the streams, subsurface drains, and soils. There are 3 csv datasets related to this data release. Please find in each of the child items the data and metadata.