Between 2011 and 2018, numerous restoration treatments were constructed in the Straight and Braided Reaches of the Kootenai River in northern Idaho as part of the Kootenai River Habitat Restoration Project. Led by the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho, the project aimed to address a range of anthropogenic impacts inhibiting natural recruitment of the critically endangered Kootenai River white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) and other native fish species. This data release contains information for two analyses used to assess the impact of the restoration treatments on channel morphology, flow depths, flow velocity, the extent of pools, and suspended sediment transport within the study reach. Two-dimensional hydraulic model archive The two-dimensional (2D) hydraulic flow model International River Interface Cooperative with the Flow and Sediment Transport with Morphological Evolution of Channels solver (iRIC FaSTMECH) was used to investigate the impacts of habitat restoration treatments on hydraulic conditions in the Braided and Straight Reaches of the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, ID. The treatments were constructed between 2012 and 2018. Topographic surfaces from 2011, 2020, and 2022 were used to simulate hydraulic conditions before and after restoration treatments were built. Three different flow conditions (discharge and downstream water surface elevation) from the 2020 spring snowmelt hydrograph were simulated on a 5-meter model grid with the topographic surfaces for 2011, 2020, and 2022, producing a total of nine unique simulations. Flow depths, depth-averaged velocity, and area associated with each model grid node were exported for each simulation. Measured suspended sediment concentrations and estimated tributary discharge The potential impact of the construction projects on suspended sediment entrainment within the Braided Reach was investigated through analysis of measured suspended sediment concentration (SSC) at two US Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages that bracket the study reach. To test for temporal trends in measured SSC (total, fine, and sand fractions) at both streamgages, multiple linear regression models were developed with SSC as a function of the independent variables time and estimated discharge from tributaries between Libby Dam and the study reach. Tributary discharge was used rather than Kootenai River discharge because Libby Dam has high sediment trapping efficiency and SSC in the Braided and Straight Reaches is driven primarily by tributaries between Libby Dam and the Below Moyie site.

The two-dimensional (2D) hydraulic flow model iRIC FaSTMECH (Nelson, 2003) was used to simulate hydraulic conditions in the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, ID during white sturgeon spawning season during 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2022. Details on model development and calibration in FaSTMECH can be found in other studies (Dudunake and others, in progress; Barton and others, 2005; Barton and others, 2007; Logan and others, 2011; McDonald and others, 2016; McDonald and Nelson, 2018; McDonald and Nelson, 2020). Simulations were run with a 1-meter grid and six-hour time-steps from April 25 to August 15 of 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2022. Simulated depths and depth-averaged velocities were exported.

Kootenai river hydraulic conditions were simulated using the iRIC FaSTMECH two-dimensional hydraulic flow model (Nelson, 2003). In addition to this study, FaSTMECH 2D flow models have been developed for numerous Kootenai River studies dating back to 2005. The methods used to develop, calibrate, and simulate FaSTMECH 2D flow models are described at length in multiple previous studies (Fosness and Dudunake, in press; Barton and others, 2005; Barton and others, 2007; Logan and others, 2011; McDonald and others, 2016; McDonald and Nelson, 2018; McDonald and Nelson, 2020). Model simulations were combined with white sturgeon telemetry data to explain fish positions with respect to selected depths and depth-averaged velocity.

The two-dimensional (2D) hydraulic flow model International River Interface Cooperative with the Flow and Sediment Transport with Morphological Evolution of Channels solver (iRIC FaSTMECH) was used to investigate the impacts of habitat restoration treatments on hydraulic conditions in the Braided and Straight Reaches of the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, ID. The treatments were constructed between 2012 and 2018. Topographic surfaces from 2011, 2020, and 2022 were used to simulate hydraulic conditions before and after restoration treatments were built. Three different flow conditions (discharge and downstream water surface elevation) from the 2020 spring snowmelt hydrograph were simulated on a 5-meter model grid with the topographic surfaces for 2011, 2020, and 2022, producing a total of nine unique simulations. Flow depths, depth-averaged velocity, and area associated with each model grid node were exported for each simulation.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Upper Mississippi River Restoration (UMRR) program, through its Long Term Resource Monitoring (LTRM) element, collected aerial imagery of the systemic Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) during the summer of 2020. A Land Cover/Land Use (LCU) spatial database was developed based on the 2020 aerial imagery, which adds a fourth systemic-wide database to the existing 1989, 2000, and 2010/11 LCU databases. These data have been used to create a variety of products, one of which is a data set used to classify aquatic areas. The 2020 aquatic areas data sets were created by first generalizing the available land cover/use data into a land/water data set, then reinterpreting the areas classified as water to determine the type of aquatic area. Area coverage for this data set is the Upper Mississippi River between Minneapolis, MN and Cairo, IL, and the Illinois River from its confluence with the Mississippi to Joliet, IL.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Upper Mississippi River Restoration (UMRR) program, through its Long Term Resource Monitoring (LTRM) element, collected aerial imagery of the systemic Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) during the summer of 2020. A Land Cover/Land Use (LCU) spatial database was developed based on the 2020 aerial imagery, which adds a fourth systemic-wide database to the existing 1989, 2000, and 2010/11 LCU databases. These data have been used to create a variety of products, one of which is a data set used to classify aquatic areas. The 2020 aquatic areas data sets were created by first generalizing the available land cover/use data into a land/water data set, then reinterpreting the areas classified as water to determine the type of aquatic area. Area coverage for this data set is the Upper Mississippi River between Minneapolis, MN and Cairo, IL, and the Illinois River from its confluence with the Mississippi to Joliet, IL.

Metrics describing watershed hydrology, stream hydraulics, stream geomorphology, physicochemical processes, and aquatic biology were used to assess a 1.72 km reach of stream above the U.S. Geological Surveys (USGS) Flatlick Branch (station ID 01656903) monitoring station restored using natural channel design. The monitoring station has been continually operated since the start of water year 2008 (water years begin October 1, end September 30th, and are named for the year in which they end). The stream restoration was constructed and completed in water year 2018, and the assessment uses a pre- versus post-restoration study design. The study period spans water year 2008 through 2024. Hydrologic metrics derived from data retrieved from the National Water Information System are provided. Hydraulic metrics are supported by semi-annual cross-sectional surveys collected by USGS staff following standard procedures (Noll and Rylund, 2020). Nutrient and suspended sediment concentrations and loads were computed using a surrogate (multiple-linear regression) approach with lab analyzed nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediment samples as the response variable and basic water-quality parameters (e.g. turbidity, specific conductance, water temperature, pH), streamflow, a baseflow separation Boolean term, and time and seasonal terms as predictor (surrogate) variables. Load results represent the mass of nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediment exported from the watershed. Calibration data, high-frequency surrogate timeseries, and model coefficients, diagnostics, and residuals are provided for each model. High-frequency estimates of concentration and load are provided for all nutrient and sediment constituents. Fairfax County collected benthic macroinvertebrate and habitat data annually, and fish data triennially. These data were used to compute numerous geomorphological and biological metrics and explore patterns and trends before and after the stream restoration. This data release contains seventeen comma-delimited (.csv) files with corresponding data dictionary files (.csv), one text (.txt) file with corresponding data dictionary file (.csv), and one R script. • AEP.csv contains annual exceedance probabilities for peak streamflows derived with the USGS program PeakFQ version 7.2. • Benthic_macroinvertebrates.csv contains raw, field collected benthic macroinvertebrate counts classified by taxonomic hierarchy. Data were collected by Fairfax County. • Benthic_scores.csv contains benthic macroinvertebrate annual scores for 31 metrics describing assemblage richness and composition, and the Fairfax County index of biotic integrity (IBI). • Cross-sections_annual.csv contains annual cross-sectional survey data collected at the monitored cross-section at Flatlick Branch (USGS Station ID 01656903). • Cross-sections_average.csv contains two cross-sections. Each an average of channel cross-sections in the pre-restoration (2008-2017) or post-restoration (2019-2024) periods. • Depth.csv contains an estimate of channel depth based on data collected during manual streamflow measurements from water year 2008 through 2024. • Fish.csv contains fish survey data collected by Fairfax County triennially at Flatlick Branch and Frog Branch. • Floodplain_innundation_events.csv contains gage height data used to quantify the number and duration of events when streamflows exceeded the left bank elevation, causing floodplain inundation. • Floodplain_innundation_event_duration.csv contains the duration, in hours, of each event when streamflows exceeded the left bank elevation, causing floodplain inundation. • Floodplain_innundation_annual_duration.csv contains the total duration, in hours, of each water year when streamflows exceeded the left bank elevation, causing floodplain inundation. • Habitat.csv contains habitat metrics collected by Fairfax County annually at Flatlick Branch and Frog Branch. Habitat assessments are conducted in the late summer or early fall

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Upper Mississippi River Restoration (UMRR) program, through its Long Term Resource Monitoring (LTRM) element, collected aerial imagery of the systemic Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) during the summer of 2020. A Land Cover/Land Use (LCU) spatial database was developed based on the 2020 aerial imagery, which adds a fourth systemic-wide database to the existing 1989, 2000, and 2010/11 LCU databases. These data have been used to create a variety of products, one of which is a data set used to classify aquatic areas. The 2020 aquatic areas data sets were created by first generalizing the available land cover/use data into a land/water data set, then reinterpreting the areas classified as water to determine the type of aquatic area. Area coverage for this data set is the Upper Mississippi River between Minneapolis, MN and Cairo, IL, and the Illinois River from its confluence with the Mississippi to Joliet, IL.

Well-established conservation planning principles and techniques framed by geodesign were used to assess the restorability of areas that historically supported coastal wetlands along the U.S. shore of western Lake Erie. The resulting analysis supported planning efforts to identify, prioritize, and track wetland restoration opportunity and investment in the region. To accomplish this, publicly available data, criteria derived from the regional managers and local stakeholders, and geospatial analysis were used to form an ecological model for spatial prioritization (Western Lake Erie Restoration Assessmente (WLERA)). Within the 192,618 ha study area that was bounded by the mouths of the Detroit River, MI to the north and the Black River, OH to the south, the model identified and prioritized 6,600 hectares of land most suitable for coastal wetland habitat restoration.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Upper Mississippi River Restoration (UMRR) program, through its Long Term Resource Monitoring (LTRM) element, collected aerial imagery of the systemic Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) during the summer of 2020. A Land Cover/Land Use (LCU) spatial database was developed based on the 2020 aerial imagery, which adds a fourth systemic-wide database to the existing 1989, 2000, and 2010/11 LCU databases. These data have been used to create a variety of products, one of which is a data set used to classify aquatic areas. The 2020 aquatic areas data sets were created by first generalizing the available land cover/use data into a land/water data set, then reinterpreting the areas classified as water to determine the type of aquatic area. Area coverage for this data set is the Upper Mississippi River between Minneapolis, MN and Cairo, IL, and the Illinois River from its confluence with the Mississippi to Joliet, IL.