This dataset contains two files of nutrient and chlorophyll data for Long Island Sound collected from 1952-59. The data were originally collected by G.A. Riley, Bingham Institute of Oceanography, Yale University and were acquired by NODC from Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The quality of the data is highly questionable (according to George Heimerdinger, NODC liaison officer / WHOI). Parameters include: location, depth, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, nitrate and chlorophyll a.

This CD-ROM (Compact Disk - Read Only Memory) contains sidescan sonar, high-resolution seismic-reflection, bathymetric, textural, and bibliographic data and interpretations collected, compiled, and produced through the U.S. Geological Survey/State of Connecticut Cooperative and the Long Island Sound Environmental Studies Project of the Coastal and Marine Geology Program, U.S. Geological Survey during October 1991 to August 1998. Cooperative research with the State of Connecticut was initiated in 1982. During the initial phase of this cooperative program, geologic framework studies in Long Island Sound were completed. The second and current phase of the program, which is the focus of this CD-ROM, emphasizes studies of sediment distribution, processes that control sediment distribution, near-shore environmental concerns, and the relationship of benthic communities to sea-floor geology. The study area covers all of Long Island Sound, which is bordered on the north by the rocky shoreline of Connecticut, on the east by Block Island Sound, on the south by the eroding sandy bluffs of Long Island, and on the west by the East River and the New York metropolitan area. Sidescan sonar data were variously collected with 100 kHz Klein, Datasonics, and Edgetech systems under two survey schemes. In the first scheme, the data were collected along closely-spaced grids where the ship tracks were spaced 150 m apart and the sonar system was set to sweep 100 m to either side of the ship's track. This scheme produced the continuous-coverage acoustic images that are stored on the CD-ROM as TIF files. In the second scheme, the sidescan sonar data collected along reconnaissance lines spaced about 2,400 m apart. Only selected portions of this data, when used for geologic interpretation, are stored on this CD-ROM. Under both survey schemes, the sidescan sonar data were processed according to procedures summarized by Danforth and others (1991) and Paskevich (1992a, 1992b, 1992c). The seismic reflection data were variously collected with an Ocean Research Equipment 3.5-kHz profiler transmitting at a 0.25-s repetition rate and a Datasonics CHIRP system set to sweep between 2-7 kHz. Only selected seismic-reflection data, which are used as examples in geologic interpretations, are stored as GIF-formatted images on this CD-ROM. Navigation during this project was determined with a differential Global Positioning System (GPS); position data were logged at 10-second intervals. The bathymetric data were collected by means of a 200-kHz echo sounder and logged digitally. Surficial sediment (0-2 cm below the sediment-water interface) sampling completed as part of this project was conducted using a Van Veen grab sampler equipped with an Osprey video and still camera system. The photographic system was used to appraise bottom variability around stations, faunal communities, and sedimentary processes. It also documented bedrock outcrops and boulder fields where samples could not be collected. The fine fraction (less than 62 microns) was analyzed by Coulter Counter (Shideler, 1976); the coarse fraction was analyzed by sieving (gravel) and by rapid sediment analyzer (sand; Schlee, 1966). The data were corrected for the salt content of interstitial water. Size classifications are based on the method proposed by Wentworth (1929) and were calculated using the inclusive graphics statistical method (Folk, 1974), using the nomenclature proposed by Shepard (1954). A detailed discussion of the sedimentological methods employed are given in Poppe and others (1985); a detailed description of the methods used to perform the CHN analyses are given in Poppe and others (1996). The database presented here contains over 14,000 records and 83 fields (see the Data Dictionary below). The specific fields and parameters have been chosen based on the data produced by the sedimentation laboratory of the Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey in Woods Hole, Mass., and

Data contains two versions of a Long Island Sound Data Set collected between August 9-14, 1971. Data was originally collected by SUNY at Stony Brook and automated by SCI, Inc. This data was obtained from SCI. 53 stations were sampled for chlorophyll, oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, ammonia, and urea. Additionally, physical parameters such as temperature, salinity, density, transmissivity, and current velocity were included. The report prepared by C.D. Hardy, 1972 entitled "MOVEMENT AND QUALITY OF LONG ISLAND SOUND WATERS 1971", Marine Sciences Research Center, SUNY at Stony Brook, Technical Report #17 provides documentation regarding the data format.

This dataset consists of nutrient data from Long Island Sound provided by Mr. Robert N. Reid from NOAA/NMFS Sandy Hook Laboratory. The data were collected from July 1972 to September 1973 as part of the Environmental Baselines in Long Island Sound project. These are copies of original log sheets which were obtained from Reid and key entered. There are no nutrient values collected for cruise 3 and the day portion of the date is missing for cruise 3. Parameters include: temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, urea and orthophosphorus. The data is published in: Reid, R.N., A.B. Frame and A.F. Draxler (1979) Environmental Baselines in Long Island Sound, 1972-73. National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA technical report NMFS-SSRF 738.

This dataset contains multibeam bathymetry, backscatter, and LiDAR bathymetry and reflectance. These GeoTIFFs represent water depth and acoustic intensity of the seafloor from Phase II of the Long Island Sound (LIS) Benthic Habitat Priority Areas of Interest (AOI) project. The original Phase II datasets were surveyed by NOAA Ship Nancy Foster (R-352), NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson, and the Navigation Response Team (NRT-5) using 400 khz Reson 7125 multibeam sonars from 2003 to 2014. In 2018, the LIS Cable Fund contracted the State University of New York (SUNY) at Stony Brook School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (SoMAS) to fill gaps and resurvey areas where multibeam data was not acceptable with R/V Pritchard using 400 khz Kongsberg dual-swath EM2040c multibeam sonars in coordination with the NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) Biogeography Branch and the NOAA Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping (IOCM) Program. The multibeam and LiDAR were corrected, calibrated, and integrated into a seamless 32-bit raster using CARIS and ArcGIS. Backscatter data was collected and mosaicked into a raster using Fledermaus Geocoder Toolbox, ArcGIS 10.4, and PCI Geomatica 2018 software.

This dataset contains multibeam bathymetry, uncertainty, and backscatter GeoTIFFs with 1x1 meter cell size represent water depth and acoustic intensity of the seafloor from the Phase III Long Island Sound Benthic Habitat Priority Areas of Interest in the Long Island Sound. These datasets were surveyed by NOAA Ship Nancy Foster R-352 in 2015 using 400 khz Reson 7125 multibeam sonars in coordination with the NOAA Biogeography Branch and the Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping Branch. The multibeam was corrected, calibrated, and integrated into a seamless 32-bit raster using CARIS and ArcGIS. Backscatter data was collected and mosaicked into a raster using Fledermaus Geocoder Toolbox, ArcGIS 10.4, and PCI Geomatica 2016 software at the Biogeography Branch by NOAA contractors.

This dataset contains an integrated GeoTIFF with 1x1 meter cell size representing the 2014 Long Island Sound Benthic Habitat Priority Area of Interest between Bridgeport, CT, and Port Jefferson, NY. This integrated bathymetric raster is a mosaic of surveys from NOAA Ship Thomas Jefferson (S-222) and its two inshore launch vessels, NOAA Ship Rude (S-590), as well as surveys conducted by the Stony Brook University R/V Pritchard in coordination with the NOAA Biogeography Branch and the Office of Coastal Services between in the year 2012. Bathymetry data was collected using multibeam sonars and integrated into a seamless 32 bit raster using ArcGIS 10.1 raster calculator by the Biogeography Branch by a NOAA contractor.