These data show the location of aquaculture operations within coastal and offshore waters of the United States. Aquaculture types may include aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and aquatic plants. Records were acquired from multiple sources, however source data was not available from all coastal states.

A deepwater port is a fixed or floating man-made structure, or a group of structures, other than a vessel, located beyond State seaward boundaries and used or intended for use as a port or terminal for the transportation, storage, and further handling of oil or natural gas for transportation to or from any State.

Wave hindcast direction represents the direction of peak in directionally-resolved wave energy flux. Wave hindcast direction values in this dataset are represented in degrees. The Wave Energy Resource Assessment project is a joint venture between NREL and Virginia Tech. NREL is the prime contractor and Virginia Tech is responsible for development of the models and estimating the wave resource. NREL also serves as an independent validator and also develops the final GIS-based display of the data. Data represent monthly summaries for the time period from January 1980 to December 2009 (30 years) for the following parameters: significant wave height (ssh), wave energy period (wep), and wave hindcast direction (dfp). For complete details regarding this study please read the full report, available here: https://openei.org/datasets/dataset/mapping-and-assessment-of-the-united-states-ocean-wave-energy-resource. A note about the data: Bathymetric effects are known to have a large effect on wave characteristics at depths shallower than approximately 20m (\~65 ft) on the Atlantic coast and 50 m (\~160 ft) on the Pacific coast. A variance between depths exists due to the feature differences for each continental shelf. The methodology used in this resource assessment precludes providing site-specific information to such developers. Reliable site-specific information in shallow waters can only be produced using results from models with higher spatial resolution that include shallow-water physics. The wave resource assessment group acknowledges that its results will not be accurate in the shallower waters of the inner continental shelf. These shallow water regions are located within the dark gray boundaries on the map.

These data show the 17 national marine sanctuaries in the United States. The National Marine Sanctuaries Act (NMSA) authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to designate and protect areas of the marine environment with special national significance due to their conservation, recreational, ecological, historical, scientific, cultural, archeological, educational or esthetic qualities as national marine sanctuaries.

These data represent the boundaries of the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) eleven regional associations (RAs). There are thousands of ocean observing tools in use every day-satellites in orbit, gliders, buoys, high-frequency radar, sharks with satellite tags, sensors on the ocean floor, and more operated by different organizations and researchers. IOOS, a national-regional partnership, gathers and integrates many of those data streams and makes those observations compatible and accessible by science, industry, government, and citizens. RAs design regional coastal observing systems to meet the unique needs of the regional environment and stakeholders. The eleven IOOS RAs maintain and operate regional coastal observing systems and develop information products for their users. The RAs provide increased observations, distinctive knowledge, and critical technological abilities, and apply these towards the development of products to meet regional and local needs

When a species is proposed for listing as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service must consider whether there are areas of habitat believed to be essential to the species conservation. Those areas may be proposed for designation as - critical habitat. Critical habitat is a term defined and used in the Act. It is a specific geographic area(s) that contains features essential for the conservation of a threatened or endangered species and that may require special management and protection. Critical habitat may include an area that is not currently occupied by the species but that will be needed for its recovery. An area is designated as - critical habitat - after the Service publishes a proposed Federal regulation in the Federal Register and receives and considers public comments on the proposal. The final boundaries of the critical habitat are also published in the Federal Register.

,30x30 considers all California State Marine Protected areas conserved under the definition adopted in the 30x30 Pathways document.,These data include all of California's marine protected areas (MPAs) as defined January 1, 2019. This dataset reflects the Department of Fish and Wildlife's best representation of marine protected areas based upon current California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Section 632: Natural Resources, Division 1: FGC- DFG. This dataset is not intended for navigational use or defining legal boundaries.,For use in CA Nature, all overlapping areas have been removed so prevent incorrect area summaries.,

These data depict a wave energy resource characterization for the US Exclusive Economic Zone. This climatology is based on a multi-resolution 32 year hindcast that used the WaveWatchIII and Simulating WAve Nearshore (SWAN) wave models. A collection of five variables are reported at the annual and monthly intervals. Statistics for each variable are provided as point and hexagon features.

This data set contains vector lines representing the ESI classified shoreline of South Carolina classified according to the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) classification system. This data set comprises a portion of the ESI data for South Carolina. ESI data characterize the marine and coastal environments and wildlife by their sensitivity to spilled oil. The ESI data include information for three main components: shoreline habitats, sensitive biological resources, and human-use resources. See also the ESIP data layer, part of the larger South Carolina ESI database, for additional ESI information.